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Indian languages written in scripts ''<u>other than Devanagari</u>'' include ], ] and ].
Indian languages written in scripts ''<u>other than Devanagari</u>'' include ], ] and ].
''Deva'' is the Sanskrit for god, and ''Nagari'' is a city; together they mean, literally, "City of the Gods" (when the compound is read as a '']''). This refers to the legend that the script was one used in such a city. So the compound really functions as a '']''. An often-used transcription variant is "Devnagri".
''Deva'' is the Sanskrit for "god", and ''Nagari'' is "a city"; together they mean, literally, "City of the Gods" (when the compound is read as a '']''). This refers to the legend that the script was one used in such a city. So the compound really functions as a '']''. An often-used transcription variant is "Devnagri".
Devanagari is partly ] in the sense that a word written in it can only be pronounced in one way, but not all possible pronunciations can be written perfectly.
Devanagari is partly ] in the sense that a word written in it can only be pronounced in one way, but not all possible pronunciations can be written perfectly.
Indian languages written in scripts other than Devanagari include Gujarati, Tamil and Urdu.
Deva is the Sanskrit for "god", and Nagari is "a city"; together they mean, literally, "City of the Gods" (when the compound is read as a shashtitatpurusha). This refers to the legend that the script was one used in such a city. So the compound really functions as a bahuvrihi. An often-used transcription variant is "Devnagri".
Devanagari is partly phonetic in the sense that a word written in it can only be pronounced in one way, but not all possible pronunciations can be written perfectly.
Devanagari has 34 consonants (vyanjan), and 12 vowels (svar). A syllable (akshar) is formed by the combination of zero or one or more
consonants, and one vowel.
If you don't have a proper Unicode font installed, the Devanagari characters in the following tables may not appear correctly. Free unicode-enabled Devanagari fonts for various operating systems can be found at http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/fonts.html#devanagari.
Devanagari Vowels and Related Symbols
Vowel
Transliteration
Pronunciation/Note
अ
a
'a' as in about
आ
aa
'a' as in art
इ
i
'i' as in pit
ई
ii
'ee' as in wheel
उ
u
'u' as in put
ऊ
uu
'oo' as in soot
ऋ
RRi
ॠ
RRI
ऌ
LLi
ॡ
LLI
ए
e
'a' as in rate
ऐ
ai
ओ
o
औ
au
ः
aH
visarga
्
halant
suppresses inherent vowel
When no vowel is written, 'a' is assumed. To specifically denote the
absence of a vowel, a halant (also called virama) is used.
Devanagari Consonants
क
k
ख
kh
ग
g
घ
gh
च
ch
छ
chh
ज
j
झ
jh
ट
T
ठ
Th
ड
D
ढ
Dh
ण
N
त
t
थ
th
द
d
ध
dh
न
n
प
p
फ
ph
ब
b
भ
bh
म
m
य
y
र
r
ल
l
व
v/w
श
sh
shh
स
s
ह
h
ळ
L
ksh
gy/dny
The letters above are pronounced as in English, with the exceptions
of:
Consonant
Pronunciation
ण
N
'n' with the tongue bent back
त
t
'th' as in thin, but it's a stop
थ
th
aspirated version of 't'
द
d
'th' as in the, but it's a stop
ध
dh
aspirated version of above
ळ
L
'l' with the tongue bent back
Among these, 'L' is not used in Hindi. The entire set is
used in Marathi.
There is no distinction of case, i.e. no uppercase and lowercase
letters.
Devanagari digits are written as follows:
Devanagari Digits
०
0
१
1
२
2
३
3
४
4
५
5
६
6
७
7
८
8
९
9
The ITRANS notation
is a lossless transliteration scheme of
Devanagari into English. The letters used to represent Devanagari
alphabets in this notation have approximately the same pronunciation
in English. It is widely used on Usenet.
In ITRANS, the word Devanagari is written as "devanaagarii".
Note: "Devanagari" is the most common transliteration. Others are
"Devnagri", "Devanagri", "Deonagri" (rare).