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| '''Muzaffar Ahmad''' ({{lang-bn|মুজাফ্ফর আহমদ}}) (5 August 1889{{snd}}18 December 1973) was a noted ]n ]i politician, journalist and communist activist, popularly known as '''"Kakababu"'''. | |||
| |name=Muzaffar Ahmed | |||
| |native_name=মুজাফ্ফর আহমদ | |||
| |native_name_lang=bn | |||
| |other_names=Kakababu, Dvaipayana | |||
| |nationality=Indian | |||
| |birth_date={{birth date|1889|08|05|df=y}} | |||
| |birth_place= ], ], ] | |||
| |death_date={{death date and age|1973|12|18|1889|08|05|df=y}} | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Muzaffar Ahmed''' (known as '''Kakababu'''; 5 August 1889 – 18 December 1973) was a noted ]n ]i politician, journalist and communist activist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/prof-muzaffar-ahmed-an-interview-55636|title=Prof. Muzaffar Ahmed: An Interview|date=2014-12-16|website=The Daily Star|language=en|access-date=2019-03-05}}</ref> | |||
| ==Background== | ==Background== | ||
| Ahmed was born at Musapur village in ] in ] of ] in the-then ] (in present-day Bangladesh) to Mansur Ali and Chuna Bibi. He was schooled at ].<ref name=Banglapedia>{{cite book |last=Roy |first=Ranjit |year=2012 |chapter=Ahmed, Comrade Muzaffar |chapter-url= http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ahmed,_Comrade_Muzaffar |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=]}}</ref> In 1918, he was appointed joint secretary of "Bangio musalman sahitya Samiti". In 1920, along with ] he started a new magazine, '']''. Later, when another magazine, ''Dhumketu'' was launched by Nazrul in 1922, he contributed to it using the pseudonym "Dvaipayana". | |||
| == |
==Political movement== | ||
| Ahmed was one of the founders of the ].<ref name="Ramnath2008">{{cite book|author=Chattopadhyay|title=An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta|url=http://tulikabooks.wordpress.com/catalogue-2/forthcoming/history/an-early-communist-muzaffar-ahmed-in-calcutta-1913%E2%80%931929/|year=2011|publisher=], ]|page=86|first = Suchetana}}</ref> In 1922, the ''Bharat Samyatantra Samiti'' was formed in ] with Ahmed as its secretary. In 1924, he was sentenced to four years in prison because of his role in the ] along with ], ] and ].<ref>Suchetana Chattopadhyay, An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta, ], Delhi 2011</ref> He was released due to illness in 1925. In November, 1925 he, along with ], ], and others, organized the ] in Bengal.<ref>Mortuza Khaled, A Study in Leadership: Muzaffar Ahmad and the Communist Movement in Bengal, Progressive Publishers, Kolkata 2001</ref> | |||
| On 20 March 1929, the ] arrested 31 labour activists and sent them to ] for trial. |
On 20 March 1929, the ] arrested 31 labour activists and sent them to ] for trial. Ahmed was the chief accused, along with S.A. Dange, Shaukat Usmani, ] and others, was convicted in this so-called ]. He was released in 1936. He had served the longest term in jail as the chief accused in the Meerut Trial. | ||
| ] Prisoners taken outside the jail'''. Back row (left to right): ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. Middle Row: ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. Front Row: ], ], ], ], ], ], ].]] | ] Prisoners taken outside the jail'''. Back row (left to right): ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. Middle Row: ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. Front Row: ], ], ], ], ], ], ].]] | ||
| After the ] in 1947, Ahned moved to ] rather than staying in ] (now Bangladesh). On 25 March 1948, the ] was banned by the ] and Ahmed was imprisoned. He was released from prison in 1951. He was again arrested and imprisoned for two years in 1962, and another time for two years in 1965. He was imprisoned several times in post-] India by the ] government. | |||
| ==Death== | ==Death and legacy== | ||
| Ahmed died in Calcutta in 1973, aged 84. | |||
| ==Tribute== | |||
| The headquarters of the ] in ] is named after him. Also, Ripon Street, a thoroughfare in ], was renamed "Muzaffar Ahmad Street", though the former name is more commonly used. | The headquarters of the ] in ] is named after him. Also, Ripon Street, a thoroughfare in ], was renamed "Muzaffar Ahmad Street", though the former name is more commonly used. | ||
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Revision as of 06:22, 5 March 2019
This article is about the politician and activist. For the economist, see Muzaffar Ahmed (economist).
| Muzaffar Ahmed | |
|---|---|
| মুজাফ্ফর আহমদ | |
| Born | (1889-08-05)5 August 1889 Noakhali District, Bengal Presidency, British India |
| Died | 18 December 1973(1973-12-18) (aged 84) |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Other names | Kakababu, Dvaipayana |
Muzaffar Ahmed (known as Kakababu; 5 August 1889 – 18 December 1973) was a noted Indian Bengali politician, journalist and communist activist.
Background
Ahmed was born at Musapur village in Sandwip Island in Noakhali District of Bengal Province in the-then British India (in present-day Bangladesh) to Mansur Ali and Chuna Bibi. He was schooled at Noakhali Zilla School. In 1918, he was appointed joint secretary of "Bangio musalman sahitya Samiti". In 1920, along with Kazi Nazrul Islam he started a new magazine, Nabajug. Later, when another magazine, Dhumketu was launched by Nazrul in 1922, he contributed to it using the pseudonym "Dvaipayana".
Political movement
Ahmed was one of the founders of the Communist Party of India. In 1922, the Bharat Samyatantra Samiti was formed in Calcutta with Ahmed as its secretary. In 1924, he was sentenced to four years in prison because of his role in the Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case along with S.A. Dange, Nalini Gupta and Shaukat Usmani. He was released due to illness in 1925. In November, 1925 he, along with Qazi Nazrul Islam, Hemanta Kumar Sarkar, and others, organized the Labour Swaraj Party in Bengal.
On 20 March 1929, the British colonial government arrested 31 labour activists and sent them to Meerut for trial. Ahmed was the chief accused, along with S.A. Dange, Shaukat Usmani, P.C. Joshi and others, was convicted in this so-called Meerut Conspiracy Case. He was released in 1936. He had served the longest term in jail as the chief accused in the Meerut Trial.
After the partition of India in 1947, Ahned moved to Kolkata rather than staying in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). On 25 March 1948, the Communist Party of India was banned by the Government of India and Ahmed was imprisoned. He was released from prison in 1951. He was again arrested and imprisoned for two years in 1962, and another time for two years in 1965. He was imprisoned several times in post-Independence India by the Congress government.
Death and legacy
Ahmed died in Calcutta in 1973, aged 84.
The headquarters of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in West Bengal is named after him. Also, Ripon Street, a thoroughfare in Kolkata, was renamed "Muzaffar Ahmad Street", though the former name is more commonly used.
Major works
- Qazi Nazrul Islam: Smritikatha (in Bengali)
- Amar Jiban O Bharater Communist Party (in Bengali)
References
- "Prof. Muzaffar Ahmed: An Interview". The Daily Star. 16 December 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- Roy, Ranjit (2012). "Ahmed, Comrade Muzaffar". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- Chattopadhyay, Suchetana (2011). An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta. Tulika Books, Delhi. p. 86.
- Suchetana Chattopadhyay, An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta, Tulika Books, Delhi 2011
- Mortuza Khaled, A Study in Leadership: Muzaffar Ahmad and the Communist Movement in Bengal, Progressive Publishers, Kolkata 2001