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Revision as of 15:14, 14 March 2019 editLargoplazo (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Page movers, New page reviewers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers120,008 edits →Turkic languages: Adding Judeo-Turkish, sourced.Tag: Visual edit← Previous edit Revision as of 15:16, 14 March 2019 edit undoLargoplazo (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Page movers, New page reviewers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers120,008 edits →Languages of Inscriptions/Books: I added the sourced Judeo-Turkic up to the Turkic section. Removing the paragraph that otherwise lists languages already covered above or non-Jewish languages about which a Judeo version is either only speculated or at least unsourced.Tag: Visual editNext edit →
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==Languages of Inscriptions/Books== ==Languages of Inscriptions/Books==

There are some languages, mostly spoken by Jews as second or even third language, that could not be determined as their main communicative system. Some of them could be called languages with doubted relation to Jewish communities. Nevertheless, some of them were written or printed in Aramaic/Hebrew letters.

These languages are, e.g.: ]<ref>https://books.google.hu/books?id=3IJ1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA635&dq=Judeo-Turkish&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIuOfE5oHhAhWPyKYKHVKEBdMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Judeo-Turkish&f=false</ref> for Sephardic, Romaniote and Kurdistani Jews of ], whose main spoken languages were Judeo-Spanish, Yevanic and Judeo-Aramaic languages;
], ], ], ], ] and ] for Ashkenazi Yiddish-speaking communities. That was ] for Sephardic Judeo-Spanish and Judeo-Portuguese migrants.



There are also different languages, which could have some contacts with Jewish communities, e.g. different ] during the ] period, as well as in Medieval ] or ]. It could be ] for Jews with Judeo-] spoken dialects. It could be the ] for hellenophones of ]. It could be ] for Jews of eastern ]. And it could be ] and ] varieties for ] Jews. There are also different languages, which could have some contacts with Jewish communities, e.g. different ] during the ] period, as well as in Medieval ] or ]. It could be ] for Jews with Judeo-] spoken dialects. It could be the ] for hellenophones of ]. It could be ] for Jews of eastern ]. And it could be ] and ] varieties for ] Jews.

Revision as of 15:16, 14 March 2019

This is a list of languages and groups of languages that developed within Jewish diaspora communities through contact with surrounding languages.

Afro-Asiatic languages

Cushitic languages

Semitic languages

Other Afro-Asiatic languages

Indo-European languages

Iranian languages

Romance languages

  • Judeo-Latin (extinct or evolved into Judeo-Romance languages)






Other Indo-European languages

Turkic languages

Kartvelian languages

Dravidian languages

(both written in local alphabets)

Uralic languages

Doubted languages

Indo-European languages

Romance languages

Baltic languages

Slavic languages

Indo-Arian languages

Armenian languages

  • Judeo-Armenian (although it was common to use Aramaic or Persian varieties among this Jewish community)

North Caucasian languages

Abkhazo-Adyghean languages

Austronesian languages

Malayo-Polinesian languages

  • Judeo-Malay (could be used in old-settled Jewish community, approximately till the 18th century)

Languages of Inscriptions/Books

There are also different languages, which could have some contacts with Jewish communities, e.g. different Celtic languages during the Roman empire period, as well as in Medieval Northern France or British Isles. It could be Old English for Jews with Judeo-Anglo-Norman spoken dialects. It could be the Laz language for hellenophones of Empire of Trebizond. It could be Azerbaijani for Jews of eastern Georgia. And it could be Abkhaz and Svan varieties for Mingrelian Jews.

But one shouldn’t confuse this languages with so-called newly-born Jewish languages, such as Jewish Swedish, Finnish, Dutch, Latin American Spanish and Portuguese or English varieties in modern communities, which became the main spoken languages within diaspora.


See also

References

  1. ^ Rubin, Aaron D.; Kahn, Lily (2015-10-30). Handbook of Jewish Languages. BRILL. ISBN 9789004297357.
  2. Hudson, Grover (2013). "A Comparative Dictionary of the Agaw Languages by David Appleyard (review)" (PDF). Northeast African Studies. New series. 13 (2). Retrieved 2015-10-09.
  3. ^ Weninger, Stefan (2011-12-23). The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook. Walter de Gruyter. p. 709. ISBN 9783110251586.
  4. ^ Spolsky, Bernard (2014-03-27). The Languages of the Jews: A Sociolinguistic History. Cambridge University Press. p. 241. ISBN 9781139917148.
  5. Habib Borjian, “Judeo-Iranian Languages,” in Lily Kahn and Aaron D. Rubin, eds., A Handbook of Jewish Languages, Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2015, pp. 234-295. .
  6. Habib Borjian and Daniel Kaufman, “Juhuri: from the Caucasus to New York City”, Special Issue: Middle Eastern Languages in Diasporic USA communities, in International Journal of Sociology of Language, issue edited by Maryam Borjian and Charles Häberl, issue 237, 2016, pp. 51-74. .
  7. Nahon, Peter, 2018. Gascon et français chez les Israélites d'Aquitaine. Paris:Classiques Garnier.
  8. https://books.google.it/books?id=ZQd2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA99&lpg=PA99&dq=Judeo-Sicilian&source=bl&ots=p0k7vt8ctZ&sig=ACfU3U1Rf0J_M0jamtug5lVYeCLt3JTsmw&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjB44TvovrgAhXKD5oKHdi0CYEQ6AEwBXoECAUQAQ#v=onepage&q=Judeo-Sicilian&f=false
  9. https://books.google.it/books?id=uGwxBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA257&lpg=PA257&dq=Judeo-Sicilian+translation&source=bl&ots=G1qiLszl5E&sig=ACfU3U2irwgLXiC8b7n2tv9reEzxrLnsoA&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjf6ZqVp_rgAhViwMQBHaMzAhYQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=Judeo-Sicilian%20translation&f=false
  10. International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. 2003-01-01. p. 83. ISBN 9780195139778.
  11. Katz, Dovid (October 2012). Bláha, Ondřej; Dittman, Robert; Uličná, Lenka (eds.). "Knaanic in the Medieval and Modern Scholarly Imagination" (PDF). Knaanic Language: Structure and Historical Background: 164, 173. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  12. Handbook of Jewish Languages: Revised and Updated Edition. BRILL. 2017-09-01. ISBN 9789004359543.
  13. "YIVO | Krymchaks". www.yivoencyclopedia.org. Retrieved 2015-08-01.
  14. https://books.google.ru/books?id=Ic5Kth7aiusC&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=Judeo-Hungarian+language&source=bl&ots=YtxbUHG5Sw&sig=9SabIVPCHzn0s52AAjrs1OR7IUQ&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjxjJn_uK7eAhWGVSwKHVkDC2gQ6AEwB3oECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=Judeo-Hungarian%20language&f=false
  15. https://books.google.lt/books?id=3IJ1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA749&lpg=PA749&dq=catechism%20Samgitian&source=bl&ots=6EyYbdDB0m&sig=ACfU3U02r3YtifOD1e6Zs-JPLVHGBs9uVg&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwitrP-xpPrgAhWx4aYKHQB-CYkQ6AEwCHoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=catechism%20Samogitian&f=false
  16. https://books.google.lt/books?id=tS-PMqoj1EIC&pg=PA430&lpg=PA430&dq=catechism+Samogitian&source=bl&ots=1BCazud0a1&sig=ACfU3U2OAVeWSbwNLZC0mkQa95IO3dapWw&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU-6bAqvrgAhWhyaYKHeMmADEQ6AEwA3oECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=catechism%20Samogitian&f=false
  17. https://www.gorgiaspress.com/a-unique-hebrew-glossary-from-india-an-analysis-of-judeo-urdu
  18. https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/judeo-persian/
  19. https://books.google.it/books?id=3IJ1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA749&lpg=PA749&dq=Judeo-Armenian&source=bl&ots=6EyYbdDB0m&sig=ACfU3U02r3YtifOD1e6Zs-JPLVHGBs9uVg&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwitrP-xpPrgAhWx4aYKHQB-CYkQ6AEwCHoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=Judeo-Armenian&f=false
  20. https://books.google.it/books?id=t3fLBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA570&dq=Judeo-Swedish&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwif8dSZ5oHhAhWEwMQBHR8BAiMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Judeo-Swedish&f=false
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