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The study of eye movement in language reading stretches back almost a thousand years. Until the late 19th century, it was characterised by a reliance on naked-eye observation, in the absence of technology. From the late 19th to the mid-20th centuries, investigators used early tracking technologies to assist their boservation, in a research climate that emphasised the measaurement of human behaviour and skill for educational ends. Much basic knowledge about eye movement was obtained during this period. Since the mid-20th century, there have been three major changes: the development of noninvasive eye-movement tracking equipment; the introduction of computer technology to enhance the power of this equipment to pick up, record and process the huge volume of data that eye movmenet generates; and the emergence of cognitive psychology as a theoretical and methodological framework within which reading processes are examined.