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| ==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
| * Intervocalic {{IPA|/p, t, k/}} are realized as voiced {{IPA|}}. This feature appeared in this dialect in the 20th century.<ref name="ehp">{{cite web|title="E kåmmår hen te du i sta" — Eydehavnportalen|url=http://www.aaks.no/Eydehavn/samfunnet/dialekt/|accessdate=24 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="kommune">{{cite web|title=Litt om arendalsdialekten - Arendal kommune |url=http://www.arendal.kommune.no/Innbygger/Tjenester/Kultur-idrett-og-fritid/Kulturhistorie/Manedens-kulturminne/Manedens-kulturminne-juliaugust-2011-Arendalsdialekten/Litt-om-arendalsdialekten/ |accessdate=24 July 2015 | |
* Intervocalic {{IPA|/p, t, k/}} are realized as voiced {{IPA|}}. This feature appeared in this dialect in the 20th century.<ref name="ehp">{{cite web|title="E kåmmår hen te du i sta" — Eydehavnportalen|url=http://www.aaks.no/Eydehavn/samfunnet/dialekt/|accessdate=24 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="kommune">{{cite web|title=Litt om arendalsdialekten - Arendal kommune |url=http://www.arendal.kommune.no/Innbygger/Tjenester/Kultur-idrett-og-fritid/Kulturhistorie/Manedens-kulturminne/Manedens-kulturminne-juliaugust-2011-Arendalsdialekten/Litt-om-arendalsdialekten/ |accessdate=24 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725071529/http://www.arendal.kommune.no/Innbygger/Tjenester/Kultur-idrett-og-fritid/Kulturhistorie/Manedens-kulturminne/Manedens-kulturminne-juliaugust-2011-Arendalsdialekten/Litt-om-arendalsdialekten/ |archivedate=25 July 2015 }}</ref> | ||
| * A uvular {{IPAblink|ʀ}} realization of {{IPA|/r/}} was established in Arendal before the 20th century.<ref name="ehp"/><ref name="kommune"/> | * A uvular {{IPAblink|ʀ}} realization of {{IPA|/r/}} was established in Arendal before the 20th century.<ref name="ehp"/><ref name="kommune"/> | ||
| * {{IPA|/ʀ/}} is frequently dropped, so that e.g. ''Lars'' becomes ''Læs''.<ref name="kommune"/> | * {{IPA|/ʀ/}} is frequently dropped, so that e.g. ''Lars'' becomes ''Læs''.<ref name="kommune"/> | ||
Revision as of 05:46, 12 September 2019
| Arendalsk | |
|---|---|
| Region | Arendal |
| Language family | Indo-European |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
Arendalsk, Arendal dialect or Arendal Norwegian (Bokmål and Nynorsk: Arendalsk, Arendalsdialekten; the Arendal dialect: Ændalsk) is a dialect of Norwegian used in Arendal.
Phonology
- Intervocalic /p, t, k/ are realized as voiced . This feature appeared in this dialect in the 20th century.
- A uvular [ʀ] realization of /r/ was established in Arendal before the 20th century.
- /ʀ/ is frequently dropped, so that e.g. Lars becomes Læs.
- The ending ⟨–er⟩ is pronounced , so that the word for 'basement' is kjeller in Bokmål, but kjellå in the Arendal dialect.
According to the linguist Gjert Kristoffersen, a recent change is that the postvocalic /ʀ/ is vocalized to , rather than dropped. The phonetic diphthongs and may be monophthongized and lowered to, respectively, and , so that the words for 'to do gymnastics' and 'thorn' (which phonemically are, respectively, /²tʉʀne/ and /²tuʀne/) vary in their phonetic realization between, respectively, and . This process may be extended to mid vowels.
Tonemes
Phonetic realization
Tonemes of the Arendal dialect are the same as those of the Oslo dialect; accent 1 is low-rising, whereas accent 2 is falling-rising.
Notable speakers
- Gjert Kristoffersen
- Rockebandet Ændal, a heavy metal band that sings in the Arendal dialect
References
- ^ ""E kåmmår hen te du i sta" — Eydehavnportalen". Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ^ "Litt om arendalsdialekten - Arendal kommune". Archived from the original on 25 July 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ^ Kristoffersen (2000), p. 36.
- Kristoffersen (2000), pp. 236–237.
Bibliography
- Kristoffersen, Gjert (2000), The Phonology of Norwegian, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-823765-5
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