Mawson Formation: Difference between revisions

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	\| type = ]		\| type = ]
	\| age ={{fossilrange\|183}} ] to ]		\| age ={{fossilrange\|183}} ] to ]
			\| period = Early Jurassic
	\| period = <ref>P.F. Ballance, W.A. Watters The Mawson Diamictite and the Carapace Sandstone, formations of the Ferrar Group at Allan Hills and Carapace Nunatak, Victoria Land, Antarctica N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 14 (1971), pp. 512-527 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar</ref><ref>Burgess et al., 2015 S.D. Burgess, S.A. Bowring, T.H. Fleming, D.H. Elliot High-precision geochronology links the Ferrar large igneous province with early Jurassic ocean anoxia and biotic crisis Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 415 (2015), pp. 90-99</ref>
	\|prilithology = pond; lithified, volcaniclastic mudstone		\|prilithology = pond; lithified, volcaniclastic mudstone
	\| otherlithology = pond; lithified, volcaniclastic, gray, blue mudstone		\| otherlithology = pond; lithified, volcaniclastic, gray, blue mudstone
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	}}		}}

	The '''Mawson Formation''' is a ] in ], dating to roughly between 185-181 ] and covering the ]-] ] of the ] Period in the ]. Vertebrate remains are ~~know~~ from the formation.<ref>Elliot, 2013 D.H. Elliot The geological and tectonic evolution of the Transantarctic Mountains: a review Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ., 381 (2013), pp. 7-35</ref> The Formation represents an ancient ~~Lake~~, with ] influences, thanks to the relationships with the ~~Kirckpatric~~ Basalt.<ref>Bradshaw, 1987 M.A. Bradshaw Additional field interpretation of the Jurassic sequence at Carapace Nunatak and Coombs Hills, south Victoria Land Antarctica N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 30 (1987), pp. 37-49</ref>Sedimentary interbeds deposited over lava flows of the Kirkpatrick Basalt during the Early Jurassic splitting of Gondwana represent unusual freshwater paleoenvironments, with hotter conditions that allow to the diversification of the Microbes (])<ref name="Hydrotermal">Babcock LE, Leslie SA, Elliot DH, Stigall AL, et al. 2006. The “Preservation Paradox”: microbes as a key to exceptional fossil preservation in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica. The Sedimentary Record 4: 4–8.</ref><ref name="HydroDepth">Stigall, A. L., Babcock, L. E., Briggs, D. E. G., & Leslie, S. A. (2008). Taphonomy of Lacustrine Interbeds in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica. PALAIOS, 23(6), 344–355. doi:10.2110/palo.2007.p07-029r.</ref>.		The '''Mawson Formation''' is a ] in ], dating to roughly between 185-181 ] and covering the ]-] ] of the ] Period in the ].<ref>P.F. Ballance, W.A. Watters The Mawson Diamictite and the Carapace Sandstone, formations of the Ferrar Group at Allan Hills and Carapace Nunatak, Victoria Land, Antarctica N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 14 (1971), pp. 512-527 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar</ref><ref>Burgess et al., 2015 S.D. Burgess, S.A. Bowring, T.H. Fleming, D.H. Elliot High-precision geochronology links the Ferrar large igneous province with early Jurassic ocean anoxia and biotic crisis Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 415 (2015), pp. 90-99</ref> Vertebrate remains are known from the formation.<ref>Elliot, 2013 D.H. Elliot The geological and tectonic evolution of the Transantarctic Mountains: a review Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ., 381 (2013), pp. 7-35</ref> The Formation represents an ancient lake, with ] influences, thanks to the relationships with the Kirckpatrick Basalt.<ref>Bradshaw, 1987 M.A. Bradshaw Additional field interpretation of the Jurassic sequence at Carapace Nunatak and Coombs Hills, south Victoria Land Antarctica N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 30 (1987), pp. 37-49</ref> Sedimentary interbeds deposited over lava flows of the Kirkpatrick Basalt during the Early Jurassic splitting of Gondwana represent unusual freshwater paleoenvironments, with hotter conditions that allow to the diversification of the Microbes (])<ref name="Hydrotermal">Babcock LE, Leslie SA, Elliot DH, Stigall AL, et al. 2006. The “Preservation Paradox”: microbes as a key to exceptional fossil preservation in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica. The Sedimentary Record 4: 4–8.</ref><ref name="HydroDepth">Stigall, A. L., Babcock, L. E., Briggs, D. E. G., & Leslie, S. A. (2008). Taphonomy of Lacustrine Interbeds in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica. PALAIOS, 23(6), 344–355. doi:10.2110/palo.2007.p07-029r.</ref>.

	==Fossils==		==Fossils==
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	Carapaces.<ref name="Hydrotermal" /><ref name="HydroDepth" />		Carapaces.<ref name="Hydrotermal" /><ref name="HydroDepth" />
	\|		\|
	Related to the modern ] mexicanus		Related to the modern ''] mexicanus''
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
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	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	~~Carapaces~~.<ref name="Hydrotermal" /><ref name="HydroDepth" />		Valves.<ref name="Hydrotermal" /><ref name="HydroDepth" />
	\|		\|
	Common ~~lower~~ ~~jurassic~~ ]n		Common Lower Jurassic ]n
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
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	'']''<ref name="InsectAnta">F. M. Carpenter. 1969. Fossil insects from Antarctica. 76:418–425.</ref>.		'']''<ref name="InsectAnta">F. M. Carpenter. 1969. Fossil insects from Antarctica. 76:418–425.</ref>.
	\|		\|
	''~~Caraphlebia~~ antartica''		''C. antartica''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref name="InsectAnta">F. M. Carpenter. 1969. Fossil insects from Antarctica. 76:418–425.</ref>.		'']''<ref name="InsectAnta">F. M. Carpenter. 1969. Fossil insects from Antarctica. 76:418–425.</ref>.
	\|		\|
	''~~Uralonympha~~ sehopfi''		''U. sehopfi''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
	'']''<ref>P. Tasch. 1973. Jurassic beetle from southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. 47:590-592</ref>		]<ref>P. Tasch. 1973. Jurassic beetle from southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. 47:590-592</ref>
	\|		\|
	''Indeterminate''		Indeterminate
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref name=schaeffer>Schaeffer, Bobb. . American Museum of Natural History, 1972.</ref>		'']''<ref name=schaeffer>Schaeffer, Bobb. . American Museum of Natural History, 1972.</ref>
	\|		\|
	''~~Oreochima~~ ellioti''		''O. ellioti''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
	~~''Wood Parasytic~~ ]''<ref>Harper, C. J., Bomfleur, B., Decombeix, A. L., Taylor, E. L., Taylor, T. N., & Krings, M. (2012). Tylosis formation and fungal interactions in an Early Jurassic conifer from northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 175, 25-31.</ref>		]<ref>Harper, C. J., Bomfleur, B., Decombeix, A. L., Taylor, E. L., Taylor, T. N., & Krings, M. (2012). Tylosis formation and fungal interactions in an Early Jurassic conifer from northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 175, 25-31.</ref>
	\|		\|
	''Indeterminate''		Indeterminate
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref name="NunatakFlora">J. A. Townrow. 1967. Fossil plants from Allan and Carapace Nunataks, and from the Upper Mill and Shackleton Glaciers, Antarctica. 10(2):456-473 {{ISBN\|0-520-24209-2}}.</ref>		'']''<ref name="NunatakFlora">J. A. Townrow. 1967. Fossil plants from Allan and Carapace Nunataks, and from the Upper Mill and Shackleton Glaciers, Antarctica. 10(2):456-473 {{ISBN\|0-520-24209-2}}.</ref>
	\|		\|
	''~~Nothodacrium~~ ~~warren~~''		''N. warreni''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref name="NunatakFlora" />		'']''<ref name="NunatakFlora" />
	\|		\|
	''~~Masculostrobus~~ warrenii''		''M. warrenii''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref name="NunatakFlora" />		'']''<ref name="NunatakFlora" />
	\|		\|
	''Indeterminate''		Indeterminate
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref>Hieger, T. J., Serbet, R., Harper, C. J., Taylor, T. N., Taylor, E. L., & Gulbranson, E. L. (2015). Cheirolepidiaceous diversity: An anatomically preserved pollen cone from the Lower Jurassic of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Review of palaeobotany and palynology, 220, 78-87.</ref>		'']''<ref>Hieger, T. J., Serbet, R., Harper, C. J., Taylor, T. N., Taylor, E. L., & Gulbranson, E. L. (2015). Cheirolepidiaceous diversity: An anatomically preserved pollen cone from the Lower Jurassic of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Review of palaeobotany and palynology, 220, 78-87.</ref>
	\|		\|
	''~~Classostrobus~~ elliotii''		''C. elliotii''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref>Atkinson, B. A., Serbet, R., Hieger, T. J., & Taylor, E. L. (2018). Additional evidence for the Mesozoic diversification of conifers: Pollen cone of Chimaerostrobus minutus gen. et sp. nov.(Coniferales), from the Lower Jurassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 257, 77-84.</ref>		'']''<ref>Atkinson, B. A., Serbet, R., Hieger, T. J., & Taylor, E. L. (2018). Additional evidence for the Mesozoic diversification of conifers: Pollen cone of Chimaerostrobus minutus gen. et sp. nov.(Coniferales), from the Lower Jurassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 257, 77-84.</ref>
	\|		\|
	''~~Chimaerostrobus~~ minutus''		''C. minutus''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref>Yao, X., Taylor, T. N., & Taylor, E. L. (1991). Silicified dipterid ferns from the Jurassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 67(3-4), 353-362.</ref>		'']''<ref>Yao, X., Taylor, T. N., & Taylor, E. L. (1991). Silicified dipterid ferns from the Jurassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 67(3-4), 353-362.</ref>
	\|		\|
	''~~Polyphacelus~~ stormensis''		''P. stormensis''
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak
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	'']''<ref name="Hydrotermal" /><ref name="HydroDepth" />		'']''<ref name="Hydrotermal" /><ref name="HydroDepth" />
	\|		\|
	''Indeterminate''		Indeterminate
	\|		\|
	Carapace Nunatak		Carapace Nunatak

Revision as of 17:09, 31 October 2019

Mawson Formation
Stratigraphic range: 183 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Pliensbachian to Toarcian
File:Oreochima WilliamStout.pngFreswater environment of the Mawson Formation, with Hidrotermal influences and the fish Oreochima
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Ferrar Large Igneous Province
Sub-units	Carapace Sandstone member
Lithology
Primary	pond; lithified, volcaniclastic mudstone
Other	pond; lithified, volcaniclastic, gray, blue mudstone
Location
Coordinates	76.9° S, 159.4° E
Region	Storm Peak
Country	Antarctica

The Mawson Formation is a geological formation in Antarctica, dating to roughly between 185-181 million years ago and covering the Pliensbachian-Toarcian stages of the Jurassic Period in the Mesozoic Era. Vertebrate remains are known from the formation. The Formation represents an ancient lake, with Hydrothermal influences, thanks to the relationships with the Kirckpatrick Basalt. Sedimentary interbeds deposited over lava flows of the Kirkpatrick Basalt during the Early Jurassic splitting of Gondwana represent unusual freshwater paleoenvironments, with hotter conditions that allow to the diversification of the Microbes (Archea).

Fossils

There abundant Fossils of microorganisms, as members of the group Archea and other who take advantage of the Hydrotermal activity

Spinicaudata

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes
Carapacestheria	Carapacestheria disgregaris	Carapace Nunatak		Carapaces.	Related to the modern Cyzicus mexicanus

Ostracoda

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes
Darwinula	Darwinula sp	Carapace Nunatak		Valves.	Common Lower Jurassic Ostracodan

Insecta

Unknow Insect wings are know.

Genus	Species	Location	Material	Notes
Caraphlebia.	C. antartica	Carapace Nunatak	wings.	A Dragonfly
Uralonympha.	U. sehopfi	Carapace Nunatak	A nearly complete specimen.	A Stonefly nymph
Coleoptera	Indeterminate	Carapace Nunatak	Wing.	Unnamed and non compared.

Actinopterygii

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes
Oreochima	O. ellioti	Carapace Nunatak		Various specimens.	An archaeomaenid pachycormiform fish

Fungi

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes
Wood-decay fungus	Indeterminate	Carapace Nunatak		Wood affected by pathogenic fungi.	Infestation traces and fungal parasitic interaction on several plants.

Plants

One of the best preserved Floras of the Antarctic.

Genus	Species	Location	Material	Notes
Nothodacrium	N. warreni	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	A member of the family Podocarpaceae.
Masculostrobus	M. warrenii	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	A member of the family Podocarpaceae.
Brachyphyllum	Indeterminate	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	A member of the Coniferales.
Classostrobus	C. elliotii	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	A member of the Cheirolepidiaceae.
Chimaerostrobus	C. minutus	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	An indeterminate Conifer Pollen cone.
Polyphacelus	P. stormensis	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	Fern Petioles.
Zamites	Indeterminate	Carapace Nunatak	Specimens.	Spermatophyta incertade sedis.

References

P.F. Ballance, W.A. Watters The Mawson Diamictite and the Carapace Sandstone, formations of the Ferrar Group at Allan Hills and Carapace Nunatak, Victoria Land, Antarctica N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 14 (1971), pp. 512-527 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Burgess et al., 2015 S.D. Burgess, S.A. Bowring, T.H. Fleming, D.H. Elliot High-precision geochronology links the Ferrar large igneous province with early Jurassic ocean anoxia and biotic crisis Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 415 (2015), pp. 90-99
Elliot, 2013 D.H. Elliot The geological and tectonic evolution of the Transantarctic Mountains: a review Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ., 381 (2013), pp. 7-35
Bradshaw, 1987 M.A. Bradshaw Additional field interpretation of the Jurassic sequence at Carapace Nunatak and Coombs Hills, south Victoria Land Antarctica N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 30 (1987), pp. 37-49
^ Babcock LE, Leslie SA, Elliot DH, Stigall AL, et al. 2006. The “Preservation Paradox”: microbes as a key to exceptional fossil preservation in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica. The Sedimentary Record 4: 4–8.
^ Stigall, A. L., Babcock, L. E., Briggs, D. E. G., & Leslie, S. A. (2008). Taphonomy of Lacustrine Interbeds in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica. PALAIOS, 23(6), 344–355. doi:10.2110/palo.2007.p07-029r.
Norris, G. (1965). Triassic and Jurassic miospores and acritarchs from the Beacon and Ferrar groups, Victoria Land, Antarctica. New Zealand journal of geology and geophysics, 8(2), 236-277.
Bomfleur, B., Schneider, J. W., Schöner, R., Viereck-Götte, L., & Kerp, H. (2011). Fossil sites in the continental Victoria and Ferrar groups (Triassic-Jurassic) of north Victoria Land, Antarctica. Polarforschung, 80(2), 88-99.
^ F. M. Carpenter. 1969. Fossil insects from Antarctica. 76:418–425.
P. Tasch. 1973. Jurassic beetle from southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. 47:590-592
^ Schaeffer, Bobb. "A Jurassic Fish from Antarctica". American Museum of Natural History, 1972.
Harper, C. J., Bomfleur, B., Decombeix, A. L., Taylor, E. L., Taylor, T. N., & Krings, M. (2012). Tylosis formation and fungal interactions in an Early Jurassic conifer from northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 175, 25-31.
Bomfleur, B., Schneider, J., Schöner, R., Viereck-Götte, L., Kerp, H., Cooper, A. K., & Raymond, C. R. (2007, August). Exceptionally well-preserved Triassic and Early Jurassic floras from North Victoria Land, Antarctica. In Antarctica: a keystone in a changing world. Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences, US Geol. Surv., OF-2007-1047, extend. abstr (Vol. 34).
Gair, H. S., Norris, G., & Ricker, J. (1965). Early mesozoic microfloras from Antarctica. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 8(2), 231-235.
^ J. A. Townrow. 1967. Fossil plants from Allan and Carapace Nunataks, and from the Upper Mill and Shackleton Glaciers, Antarctica. 10(2):456-473 ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
Hieger, T. J., Serbet, R., Harper, C. J., Taylor, T. N., Taylor, E. L., & Gulbranson, E. L. (2015). Cheirolepidiaceous diversity: An anatomically preserved pollen cone from the Lower Jurassic of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Review of palaeobotany and palynology, 220, 78-87.
Atkinson, B. A., Serbet, R., Hieger, T. J., & Taylor, E. L. (2018). Additional evidence for the Mesozoic diversification of conifers: Pollen cone of Chimaerostrobus minutus gen. et sp. nov.(Coniferales), from the Lower Jurassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 257, 77-84.
Yao, X., Taylor, T. N., & Taylor, E. L. (1991). Silicified dipterid ferns from the Jurassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 67(3-4), 353-362.

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