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| '''Leopold Infeld''' (20 August 1898 – 15 January 1968) was a ] ] who worked mainly in Poland and ] (1938–1950). He was a Rockefeller fellow at ] (1933–1934) and a member of the ].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Bergmann, Peter G.|authorlink=Peter Bergmann|title=Obituary: Leopold Infeld, Authority on Field Theory and Relativity|journal=Physics Today|date=March 1968|volume=21|issue=3|pages=113|doi=10.1063/1.3034808|bibcode = 1968PhT....21c.113B }}</ref> | '''Leopold Infeld''' (20 August 1898 – 15 January 1968) was a ] ] who worked mainly in ] and ] (1938–1950). He was a ] fellow at ] (1933–1934) and a member of the ].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Bergmann, Peter G.|authorlink=Peter Bergmann|title=Obituary: Leopold Infeld, Authority on Field Theory and Relativity|journal=Physics Today|date=March 1968|volume=21|issue=3|pages=113|doi=10.1063/1.3034808|bibcode = 1968PhT....21c.113B }}</ref> | ||
| ==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
| Leopold Infeld was born into a family of ] in ], then part of the ] (it rejoined an independent Poland in 1918). He studied ] at ]'s ] and from 1920 in Berlin, where he had engaged ]'s help<ref>{{cite book|title=Current Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YfApAQAAMAAJ|year=1941|publisher=]}}</ref> to gain admission to the ]. He obtained a doctorate in 1921. In 1933 he left for England, then for the United States and Canada after the death of his second wife, Halina. | Leopold Infeld was born into a family of ] in ], then part of the ] (it rejoined an independent Poland in 1918). He studied ] at ]'s ] and from 1920 in Berlin, where he had engaged ]'s help<ref>{{cite book|title=Current Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YfApAQAAMAAJ|year=1941|publisher=]}}</ref> to gain admission to the ]. He obtained a doctorate in 1921. In 1933 he left for ], then for the ] and Canada after the death of his second wife, Halina. | ||
| ==Work== | ==Work== | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| Infeld was interested in the ]. He was awarded a doctorate at the ] |
Infeld was interested in the ]. He was awarded a doctorate at the ](1921), worked as an assistant and a docent at the ](1930–1933) and then as a professor at the ] between 1939 and 1950. He collaborated with ] at ](1936–1938). The two scientists jointly formulated the equation describing star movements as well as concurrently writing the book ]. | ||
| After the ] in 1945 Infeld, like Einstein, became a ]. |
After the ] in 1945, Infeld, like Einstein, became a ]. Because of his activities, he was unjustly accused of having communist sympathies. In 1950 he left Canada and returned to ]. He felt he had an obligation to help science in Poland recover from the ravages of the ]. In the staunchly anti-communist climate of the time, many in the Canadian government and media feared that working in a communist country; he would betray ] secrets. He was stripped of his ] and was widely denounced as a traitor. In actuality, Infeld's field was the ]—not directly linked to ]. After Infeld's return to Poland, he requested a leave of absence from the ]. His request was denied, and Infeld resigned his post. In 1995 the University of Toronto made amends and granted Infeld the posthumous title of ]. Upon his return to ], Infeld became a professor at the ], a post he held until his death. | ||
| The ] was named after ] and Leopold Infeld, who first proposed it. The Infeld-Hull Factorization Method describing general sets of solutions to the ]. | The ] was named after ] and Leopold Infeld, who first proposed it. The Infeld-Hull Factorization Method describing general sets of solutions to the ]. | ||
| Infeld was one of the 11 signatories to the ] |
Infeld was one of the 11 signatories to the ]<nowiki/>in 1955 and is the only signatory never to receive a ]. | ||
| Infeld is the author of ''Quest: An Autobiography |
Infeld is the author of ''Quest: "''An Autobiography" and the biography "Whom the Gods Love: The Story of ]." | ||
| In 1939 he married ], an American mathematician.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.de/books?id=IRbOAwAAQBAJ | isbn=978-0-8218-4376-5 | first1 = Judy | last1 = Green | author1-link = Judy Green (mathematician) | first2 = Jeanne | last2 = LaDuke | author2-link = Jeanne LaDuke| title=Pioneering Women in American Mathematics — The Pre-1940 PhD's | location= | publisher=], The ] | series=History of Mathematics | volume=34 | edition=1st | date=2008 }} Helen Schlauch biography on p.309-312 of the at </ref> | In 1939 he married ], an American mathematician.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.de/books?id=IRbOAwAAQBAJ | isbn=978-0-8218-4376-5 | first1 = Judy | last1 = Green | author1-link = Judy Green (mathematician) | first2 = Jeanne | last2 = LaDuke | author2-link = Jeanne LaDuke| title=Pioneering Women in American Mathematics — The Pre-1940 PhD's | location= | publisher=], The ] | series=History of Mathematics | volume=34 | edition=1st | date=2008 }} Helen Schlauch biography on p.309-312 of the at </ref> | ||
Revision as of 07:45, 22 February 2020
| Leopold Infeld | |
|---|---|
 Leopold Infeld in 1960 | |
| Born | 20 August 1898 (1898-08-20) Kraków, then Austria–Hungary, now Poland |
| Died | 15 January 1968 (1968-01-16) (aged 69) Warsaw, Poland |
| Citizenship | Austrian (1898–1918) Polish (1918–1968) Canadian (1939–50) |
| Alma mater | Jagiellonian University |
| Known for | Born–Infeld theory Einstein–Infeld–Hoffmann equations Infeld–Hull factorization method |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions | Cambridge University Jagiellonian University University of Lwów Princeton University University of Toronto |
| Doctoral students | Alfred Schild Andrzej Trautman P. R. Wallace |
Leopold Infeld (20 August 1898 – 15 January 1968) was a Polish physicist who worked mainly in Poland and Canada (1938–1950). He was a Rockefeller fellow at Cambridge University (1933–1934) and a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
Early life
Leopold Infeld was born into a family of Polish Jews in Kraków, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (it rejoined an independent Poland in 1918). He studied physics at Kraków's Jagiellonian University and from 1920 in Berlin, where he had engaged Albert Einstein's help to gain admission to the University of Berlin. He obtained a doctorate in 1921. In 1933 he left for England, then for the United States and Canada after the death of his second wife, Halina.
Work
Infeld was interested in the theory of relativity. He was awarded a doctorate at the Jagiellonian University(1921), worked as an assistant and a docent at the University of Lwów(1930–1933) and then as a professor at the University of Toronto between 1939 and 1950. He collaborated with Albert Einstein at Princeton University(1936–1938). The two scientists jointly formulated the equation describing star movements as well as concurrently writing the book The Evolution of Physics.
After the first use of nuclear weapons in 1945, Infeld, like Einstein, became a peace activist. Because of his activities, he was unjustly accused of having communist sympathies. In 1950 he left Canada and returned to communist Poland. He felt he had an obligation to help science in Poland recover from the ravages of the Second World War. In the staunchly anti-communist climate of the time, many in the Canadian government and media feared that working in a communist country; he would betray nuclear weapons secrets. He was stripped of his Canadian citizenship and was widely denounced as a traitor. In actuality, Infeld's field was the theory of relativity—not directly linked to nuclear weapons research. After Infeld's return to Poland, he requested a leave of absence from the University of Toronto. His request was denied, and Infeld resigned his post. In 1995 the University of Toronto made amends and granted Infeld the posthumous title of professor emeritus. Upon his return to Poland, Infeld became a professor at the University of Warsaw, a post he held until his death.
The Born–Infeld model was named after Max Born and Leopold Infeld, who first proposed it. The Infeld-Hull Factorization Method describing general sets of solutions to the Schrödinger equation.
Infeld was one of the 11 signatories to the Russell–Einstein Manifestoin 1955 and is the only signatory never to receive a Nobel Prize.
Infeld is the author of Quest: "An Autobiography" and the biography "Whom the Gods Love: The Story of Évariste Galois."
In 1939 he married Helen Schlauch, an American mathematician.
Publications
- Infeld, L.; Hull, T. E. (1953). "Factorization Method". Rev. Mod. Phys. 23: 21. Bibcode:1951RvMP...23...21I. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.23.21.
- Infeld, Leopold (2006) . Quest: An Autobiography (Reprint ed.). American Mathematical Society. ISBN 0-8218-4073-8.
References
- Bergmann, Peter G. (March 1968). "Obituary: Leopold Infeld, Authority on Field Theory and Relativity". Physics Today. 21 (3): 113. Bibcode:1968PhT....21c.113B. doi:10.1063/1.3034808.
- Current Biography. H.W. Wilson Company. 1941.
- Green, Judy; LaDuke, Jeanne (2008). Pioneering Women in American Mathematics — The Pre-1940 PhD's. History of Mathematics. Vol. 34 (1st ed.). American Mathematical Society, The London Mathematical Society. ISBN 978-0-8218-4376-5. Helen Schlauch biography on p.309-312 of the Supplementary Material at AMS
Further reading
- Trautman, Andrzej (1970–1980). "Infeld, Leopold". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 7. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-0-684-10114-9.
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Leopold Infeld", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
External links
Quotations related to Leopold Infeld at Wikiquote
Categories:
- Use dmy dates from October 2011
- 1898 births
- 1968 deaths
- Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe)
- Jagiellonian University alumni
- Academics of the University of Cambridge
- Princeton University faculty
- Members of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- Polish physicists
- Relativity theorists
- University of Toronto faculty
- University of Warsaw faculty
- Jewish physicists
- Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
- Jewish Canadian scientists
- People who lost Canadian citizenship