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{{distinguish|X-ray|X-band}} {{distinguish|X-ray|X-band}}
{{Technical|date=May 2020}}
In ], '''X-waves''' are ]s of the ] that travel at a constant ] in a given direction. X-waves can be ], ], or ]s. They are built as a non-] ] of ]s. Ideal X-waves carry ] ], but finite-energy realizations have been observed in various frameworks. Electromagnetic X-waves travel ], and X-wave pulses can have superluminal ] and ].<ref>{{cite paper |title=Measurement of the spatiotemporal electric field of ultrashort superluminal Bessel-X pulses |first1=Pamela |last1=Bowlan |first2=Heli |last2=Valtna-Lukner |display-authors=etal |journal=Optics and Photonics News |page=42 |volume=20 |issue=12 |date=December 2009|doi=10.1364/OPN.20.12.000042 }}</ref> In ], '''X-waves''' are ]s of the ] that travel at a constant ] in a given direction. X-waves can be ], ], or ]s. They are built as a non-] ] of ]s. Ideal X-waves carry ] ], but finite-energy realizations have been observed in various frameworks. Electromagnetic X-waves travel ], and X-wave pulses can have superluminal ] and ].<ref>{{cite paper |title=Measurement of the spatiotemporal electric field of ultrashort superluminal Bessel-X pulses |first1=Pamela |last1=Bowlan |first2=Heli |last2=Valtna-Lukner |display-authors=etal |journal=Optics and Photonics News |page=42 |volume=20 |issue=12 |date=December 2009|doi=10.1364/OPN.20.12.000042 }}</ref>


Revision as of 02:03, 22 May 2020

Not to be confused with X-ray or X-band.
This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. Please help improve it to make it understandable to non-experts, without removing the technical details. (May 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

In physics, X-waves are localized solutions of the wave equation that travel at a constant velocity in a given direction. X-waves can be sound, electromagnetic, or gravitational waves. They are built as a non-monochromatic superposition of Bessel beams. Ideal X-waves carry infinite energy, but finite-energy realizations have been observed in various frameworks. Electromagnetic X-waves travel faster than the speed of light, and X-wave pulses can have superluminal phase and group velocity.

In optics, X-waves solution have been reported within a quantum mechanical formulation.

See also

References

  1. Bowlan, Pamela; Valtna-Lukner, Heli; et al. (December 2009). "Measurement of the spatiotemporal electric field of ultrashort superluminal Bessel-X pulses". Optics and Photonics News. 20 (12): 42. doi:10.1364/OPN.20.12.000042.
  2. A. Ciattoni and C. Conti, Quantum electromagnetic X-waves arxiv.org 0704.0442v1.
  • J. Lu and J. F. Greenleaf, "Nondiffracting X waves: exact solutions to free-space scalar wave equation and their infinite realizations", IEEE Trans. Ultrasonic Ferroelectric Frequency. Control 39, 19–31 (1992).
  • Erasmo Recami and Michel Zamboni-Rached and Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa, "Localized waves: A scientific and historical introduction" arxiv.org 0708.1655v2.
  • Various authors in the book Localized Waves edited by Erasmo Recami, Michel Zamboni-Rached and Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa

External links


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