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| ] silk cummerbund, for ]]] | ] silk cummerbund, for ]]] | ||
| A '''cummerbund''' |
A '''cummerbund''' is a broad waist ] in various designs including ]s, that was a worn with ] ]s,<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/tuxedo-black-tie-guide/vintage-evening-wear/waistcoats-vests-cummerbunds/ |title = Vintage Evening Waistcoats & Cummerbunds — Gentleman's Gazette}}</ref> it is now often worn with ] ]s (or ''tuxedos'').<ref>{{Citation | last1 = Villarosa | last2 = Angeli | year = 1990 | title = The Elegant Man: How to Construct the Ideal Wardrobe | page = 148}}.</ref> The cummerbund was adopted by ] military officers in ], where they saw it worn by ] (Indian soldiers) of the ].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/tuxedo-black-tie-guide/vintage-evening-wear/waistcoats-vests-cummerbunds/ |title = Vintage Evening Waistcoats & Cummerbunds — Gentleman's Gazette}}</ref>{{citation required|date=December 2019}} It was adopted as an alternative to the ], and later spread to civilian use. The modern use of the cummerbund to Europeans is as a component of traditional ] and ] events.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/tuxedo-black-tie-guide/vintage-evening-wear/waistcoats-vests-cummerbunds/ |title = Vintage Evening Waistcoats & Cummerbunds — Gentleman's Gazette}}</ref> | ||
| ==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| The word ''cummerbund'' is the Anglicized form of |
The word ''cummerbund'' is the Anglicized form of Hindustani ''kamarband'' (]: कमरबंद; {{Nastaliq|کمربند}}), which is inturn from Persian ({{Lang-fa|کمربند|kamarband}}). It entered ] in 1616 from India. It is a combination of the words ''kamar'' meaning 'waist' and ''band'' meaning 'strap' or 'lacing'. The 'waist-band' was a sash accessory worn by Indian men for many occasions.<ref>{{OxfordDictionaries.com|Cummerbund}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=cummerbund |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/cummerbund |website=] |publisher=] |date=2016}}</ref> | ||
| The word ''cummerband'' (see below), and less commonly the German spelling {{lang|de|Kummerbund}} (a Germanized spelling variation of the English word), are often used synonymously with ''cummerbund'' in English |
The word ''cummerband'' (see below), and less commonly the German spelling {{lang|de|Kummerbund}} (a Germanized spelling variation of the English word), are often used synonymously with ''cummerbund'' in English. | ||
| The original purpose of the kamarband (cummerbund) in ancient Persia was to provide a utilitarian way of carrying daily-use items and accessories, an early form of today's "pockets", not restricted solely to the working class. Formed from a long sash, preferably of silk or other light strong material, wrapped one or more times around the waist. It not only maintained a slimmer appearance when wearing robe type attire, but also isolated possibly hazardous movement of loose clothing. The more wealthy, the more ornate. Some cummerbunds were specially designed or of a specific material towards a purpose or to carry a specific item. After wrapping one or more times around the waist, it could be secured in place by various means, a knot, clasp, pins or buckles, etc. Folding an excessively wide sash in multiple folds along its length, in accordion fashion, reduced its width creating a pleated appearance, but primarily, creating multiple "pockets" in which to carry or hide various items, that could include important documents, tobacco, pipes, small daggers, gunpowder and ammunition for reload, etc. The sash could also be used to secure large daggers, swords and pistols at the waist. In more recent years, smaller pleated cummerbunds were used in a utilitarian manner to provide pockets, before trousers were equipped with pockets or even a "fly". Railroad conductors and ticketmen, for example, would use it as part of their uniform to carry keys, ticket stubs, ticket punch, money to make change and even pen and ink within the pleats. On a fun note, the current U.S. military dress uniforms for formal mess events, include tuxedo-type cummerbunds. The U.S. Army wears the pleats facing down and the U.S. Navy wears the pleats facing up, as tradition would dictate. However, when the pleats are up, they catch crumbs during mess, hence the nickname, "crumbcatcher". | |||
| ==Description== | ==Description== | ||
Revision as of 19:45, 29 June 2020
Broad waist sash, usually pleated, which is often worn with single-breasted dinner jackets or tuxedos
A cummerbund is a broad waist sash in various designs including pleats, that was a worn with double-breasted tail coats, it is now often worn with single-breasted dinner jackets (or tuxedos). The cummerbund was adopted by British military officers in colonial India, where they saw it worn by sepahies (Indian soldiers) of the British Indian Army. It was adopted as an alternative to the waistcoat, and later spread to civilian use. The modern use of the cummerbund to Europeans is as a component of traditional black tie and white tie events.
Etymology
The word cummerbund is the Anglicized form of Hindustani kamarband (Hindustani: कमरबंद; کمربند), which is inturn from Persian (Template:Lang-fa). It entered English vocabulary in 1616 from India. It is a combination of the words kamar meaning 'waist' and band meaning 'strap' or 'lacing'. The 'waist-band' was a sash accessory worn by Indian men for many occasions.
The word cummerband (see below), and less commonly the German spelling Kummerbund (a Germanized spelling variation of the English word), are often used synonymously with cummerbund in English.
Description
The form of the cummerbund is a wide band around the waist, and its origin as part of black tie determined the acceptable colours. Once it was adopted as civilian dress, beginning as a largely summer option with informal dinner jackets, such as Burmese fawn and white, it was restricted to the narrow range of colours which accompany black tie. These were predominantly black, sometimes midnight blue to match the trousers, and occasionally maroon (the normal hue for coloured accessories). The pleats face up because they were originally used to hold ticket stubs and similar items, explaining the slang name 'crumb-catcher'. However, the cummerbunds worn as part of the US Army Blue Mess and Blue Evening Mess uniforms are worn with the pleats down, as prescribed by Army Regulation 670–1 Chapter 24 Section 10(b). The US Navy Uniform Regulations NAVPERS 15665 stipulate the cummerbund be worn with the pleats up for the Navy Dinner Dress Jacket. The contemporary use of the cummerbund is purely aesthetic, providing a transition between the shirt and the waistband. The fastening is a ribbon around the back, tied or held shut by a buckle or velcro.
In contemporary use, it is now common to see coloured bow ties and cummerbands, often matching, but this is considered non-traditional. They have also expanded in less formal situations into use with components of white tie, particularly by musicians, who sometimes wear a white cummerbund instead of the traditional piqué waistcoat.
Military cummerbunds
The units of the French Army of Africa (such as the Zouaves or the Chasseurs d'Afrique) wore cummerbunds of 2 different colours: blue for European soldiers and red for Native recruits. Some current French regiments, related to the French colonial history, still retain cummerbunds as part of their full dress uniform (notably the French Foreign Legion and the Spahis).
Similar to the cummerbund, a cummerband is an accessory to the dress uniform used extensively in modern South Asian armies including Indian Army and Bangladesh Army and others. It is generally worn during ceremonial parades and dinners. The colour or combination of colours varies widely according to regiment or corps. Unlike the civilian cummerbund, a leather belt is worn above this cloth piece and one end hangs free displaying an ornamental fringe.
Athletic cummerbunds
During the 19th and early 20th centuries, cotton cummerbunds were commonly worn by athletes participating in gymnastic and/or combat sport training and competition.
Cummerbunds in scuba diving
A cummerbund is also an informal word used in scuba diving to mean a wide waistband either on a buoyancy control device designed to provide more comfort to the user than a standard waistband and usually made of a stout fabric backed with velcro fastenings, or on a two-piece dry suit where a flexible rubber waistband helps to maintain a watertight seal between the jacket and the pants of the suit.
References
- "Vintage Evening Waistcoats & Cummerbunds — Gentleman's Gazette".
- Villarosa; Angeli (1990), The Elegant Man: How to Construct the Ideal Wardrobe, p. 148.
- "Vintage Evening Waistcoats & Cummerbunds — Gentleman's Gazette".
- "Vintage Evening Waistcoats & Cummerbunds — Gentleman's Gazette".
- "Cummerbund". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. n.d.
- "cummerbund". Thefreedictionary.com. American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. 2016.
- ^ Bridges, John (2008). How to be a Gentleman: A Timely Guide to Timeless Manners Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson.
- Flusser, Alan (2002), Dressing the Man, p. 246.
- Walroth, Chris (March 2001), "Behind", The Wholenote Magazine, archived from the original on 15 February 2009.
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