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Abortion funds operate in a number of countries. The ] (NNAF) is an umbrella group for local abortion funds in the ], and operates the ] Memorial Fund.<ref name=":4" /> The ] (NAF) operates a toll-free hotline for abortion funding and referrals in the United States and Canada.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|last=prochoice|title=NAF Hotline Fund|url=https://prochoice.org/think-youre-pregnant/naf-hotline/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=National Abortion Federation|language=en-US}}</ref> The NAF hotline also provides options counseling, case management for people with special needs, and may provide travel or additional funding assistance.<ref name=":6" /> The Women’s Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP) is another national abortion fund in the U.S., created by the L.A. ] in 1991, which funds approximately 1000 people's abortion procedures across the U.S. per year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP)|url=https://abortionfunds.org/fund/womens-reproductive-rights-assistance-project-wrrap/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=National Network of Abortion Funds|language=en-US}}</ref> The ] serves residents of ], ], the ], ] and ] who need to travel for an abortion. The MARIA Abortion Fund for Social Justice provides financial, logistical and emotional support to access legal abortion services in ]. is an online non-profit organization that provides medical abortion, contraception and emergency contraception to women globally, excluding the U.S., Canada, and parts of western Europe. The Women Help Women site also redirects callers to local abortion funds, resources, and hotlines.<ref>{{Cite web|title=hotlines and regional resources for family planning, abortion, and activism|url=http://consult.womenhelp.org/en/page/438/hotlines-and-regional-resources-for-family-planning-abortion-and-activism|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Women Help Women Consultation|language=en}}</ref> Abortion funds operate in a number of countries. The ] (NNAF) is an umbrella group for local abortion funds in the ], and operates the ] Memorial Fund.<ref name=":4" /> The ] (NAF) operates a toll-free hotline for abortion funding and referrals in the United States and Canada.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|last=prochoice|title=NAF Hotline Fund|url=https://prochoice.org/think-youre-pregnant/naf-hotline/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=National Abortion Federation|language=en-US}}</ref> The NAF hotline also provides options counseling, case management for people with special needs, and may provide travel or additional funding assistance.<ref name=":6" /> The Women’s Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP) is another national abortion fund in the U.S., created by the L.A. ] in 1991, which funds approximately 1000 people's abortion procedures across the U.S. per year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women's Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP)|url=https://abortionfunds.org/fund/womens-reproductive-rights-assistance-project-wrrap/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=National Network of Abortion Funds|language=en-US}}</ref> The ] serves residents of ], ], the ], ] and ] who need to travel for an abortion. The MARIA Abortion Fund for Social Justice provides financial, logistical and emotional support to access legal abortion services in ]. is an online non-profit organization that provides medical abortion, contraception and emergency contraception to women globally, excluding the U.S., Canada, and parts of western Europe. The Women Help Women site also redirects callers to local abortion funds, resources, and hotlines.<ref>{{Cite web|title=hotlines and regional resources for family planning, abortion, and activism|url=http://consult.womenhelp.org/en/page/438/hotlines-and-regional-resources-for-family-planning-abortion-and-activism|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Women Help Women Consultation|language=en}}</ref>

== Legislation ==
⚫ State, federal or global legislation may also impact abortion accessibility as well as financial assistance for abortion. In the United States, federal funding for abortion through Medicaid, the public health insurance program for low-income residents, is banned except for cases of incest, rape, and life endangerment due to the ]. In addition, as of 2019, 33 states and the District of Columbia prohibit the use of state Medicaid funds for abortion, and 11 states restrict private health insurance for abortion.<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 1, 2019|title=An Overview of Abortion Laws|url=https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/overview-abortion-laws|website=Guttmacher Institute}}</ref> Furthermore, U.S. legislation known as the ] or the Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance policy, also known as the "]," prohibits U.S. foreign assistance to organizations unless they promise not to perform or actively promote abortion as a form of family planning. This applies to public health organizations which may provide funding assistance for or information about abortion.


== Abortion costs in the United States == == Abortion costs in the United States ==
Cost is a common barrier to abortion care in the United States. The cost of an abortion varies by facility, type of abortion, and ] of the pregnancy. As of 2014, the median cost of a ] or ] in the first trimester is estimated to be about $500, and about twice as much in the second trimester.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=RK|last2=Ingerick|first2=M|last3=Jerman|first3=J|date=2018|title=Differences in Abortion Service Delivery in Hostile, Middle-ground, and Supportive States in 2014|journal=Women's Health Issues|language=en|volume=28|issue=3|pages=212–218|doi=10.1016/j.whi.2017.12.003|pmc=5959790|pmid=29339010}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Roberts|first=SCM|last2=Gould|first2=H|last3=Kimport|first3=Katrina|last4=Weitz|first4=TA|last5=Foster|first5=DG|date=2014|title=Out-of-Pocket Costs and Insurance Coverage for Abortion in the United States|url=|journal=Women's Health Issues|language=en|volume=24|issue=2|pages=e211–e218|doi=10.1016/j.whi.2014.01.003|pmid=24630423}}</ref> This does not include non-medical costs, such as transportation, lodging, childcare and lost wages.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=RK|last2=Upadhyay|first2=UD|last3=Weitz|first3=TA|date=2013|title=At What Cost? Payment for Abortion Care by U.S. Women|journal=Women's Health Issues|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=e173–e178|doi=10.1016/j.whi.2013.03.001|pmid=23660430}}</ref> Cost is a common barrier to abortion care in the United States. The cost of an abortion varies by facility, type of abortion, and ] of the pregnancy. As of 2014, the median cost of a ] or ] in the first trimester is estimated to be about $500, and about twice as much in the second trimester.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=RK|last2=Ingerick|first2=M|last3=Jerman|first3=J|date=2018|title=Differences in Abortion Service Delivery in Hostile, Middle-ground, and Supportive States in 2014|journal=Women's Health Issues|language=en|volume=28|issue=3|pages=212–218|doi=10.1016/j.whi.2017.12.003|pmc=5959790|pmid=29339010}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Roberts|first=SCM|last2=Gould|first2=H|last3=Kimport|first3=Katrina|last4=Weitz|first4=TA|last5=Foster|first5=DG|date=2014|title=Out-of-Pocket Costs and Insurance Coverage for Abortion in the United States|url=|journal=Women's Health Issues|language=en|volume=24|issue=2|pages=e211–e218|doi=10.1016/j.whi.2014.01.003|pmid=24630423}}</ref> This does not include non-medical costs, such as transportation, lodging, childcare and lost wages.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=RK|last2=Upadhyay|first2=UD|last3=Weitz|first3=TA|date=2013|title=At What Cost? Payment for Abortion Care by U.S. Women|journal=Women's Health Issues|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=e173–e178|doi=10.1016/j.whi.2013.03.001|pmid=23660430}}</ref>


⚫ U.S. abortion patients are disproportionately poor or low-income,<ref name=":0">Jerman J, Jones RK and Onda T, '''', New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2016.</ref> and most do not have access to insurance coverage that pays for abortion. Private health insurance does not always cover abortion, and public health insurance only covers abortions within certain circumstances. As a result, the majority of abortion patients incur high out-of-pocket costs when receiving abortion services.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The out-of-pocket costs of abortion contributes to delays in seeking care,<ref name=":1" /> which can further increase costs for the procedure and for travel to clinics that offer abortion at later gestation.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":1" />
⚫ Health insurance does not always cover abortion. Federal funding for abortion through Medicaid, the public health insurance program for low-income residents, is banned except for cases of incest, rape, and life endangerment due to the ]. In addition, as of 2019, 33 states and the District of Columbia prohibit the use of state Medicaid funds for abortion, and 11 states restrict private health insurance for abortion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/overview-abortion-laws|title=An Overview of Abortion Laws|date=July 1, 2019|website=Guttmacher Institute}}</ref>

⚫ U.S. abortion patients are disproportionately poor or low-income,<ref name=":0">Jerman J, Jones RK and Onda T, '''', New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2016.</ref> and most do not have access to insurance coverage that pays for abortion. As a result, the majority of abortion patients incur high out-of-pocket costs when receiving abortion services.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The out-of-pocket costs of abortion contributes to delays in seeking care,<ref name=":1" /> which can further increase costs for the procedure and for travel to clinics that offer abortion at later gestation.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":1" />


== See also == == See also ==

Revision as of 20:43, 18 August 2020

An abortion fund is a non-profit organization that provides financial and logistical assistance to low-income women who cannot afford the costs of an abortion. Abortion funds play a role in financing abortion services in countries where abortion is legal but no accessible. For example, health insurance may not cover abortion or transportation to abortion clinics may be financially or logistically unfeasible. Abortion funds also provide assistance in cities, states, providences or countries where abortion is illegal and women must travel elsewhere to obtain a legal abortion.

Function

Abortion funds determine the amount of financial assistance based on individual need. Clients are interviewed individually and are expected to contribute as much as possible out-of-pocket, with the remainder provided by the fund as grant and/or repayable loan. Abortion funds rarely provide funding for the entire procedure. Some funds will combine resources with other funds to increase the grant or loan total. Most abortion funds serve a particular region or metropolitan area. Some abortion funds are related to a specific clinic, with funds available only for patients of that clinic. In addition to covering medical costs, some abortion funds provide child care, transportation assistance, meals, doula services, and other support services.

Most abortion funds are funded primarily by local donors and grant-making institutions. However, in 2019, the New York City Council allocated $250,000 to a local abortion fund for patients traveling from other states to New York for an abortion.

Abortion funds operate in a number of countries. The National Network of Abortion Funds (NNAF) is an umbrella group for local abortion funds in the United States, and operates the Tiller Memorial Fund. The National Abortion Federation (NAF) operates a toll-free hotline for abortion funding and referrals in the United States and Canada. The NAF hotline also provides options counseling, case management for people with special needs, and may provide travel or additional funding assistance. The Women’s Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP) is another national abortion fund in the U.S., created by the L.A. National Council of Jewish Women in 1991, which funds approximately 1000 people's abortion procedures across the U.S. per year. The Abortion Support Network serves residents of Ireland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, Malta and Gibraltar who need to travel for an abortion. The MARIA Abortion Fund for Social Justice provides financial, logistical and emotional support to access legal abortion services in Mexico City. Women Help Women is an online non-profit organization that provides medical abortion, contraception and emergency contraception to women globally, excluding the U.S., Canada, and parts of western Europe. The Women Help Women site also redirects callers to local abortion funds, resources, and hotlines.

Legislation

State, federal or global legislation may also impact abortion accessibility as well as financial assistance for abortion. In the United States, federal funding for abortion through Medicaid, the public health insurance program for low-income residents, is banned except for cases of incest, rape, and life endangerment due to the Hyde Amendment. In addition, as of 2019, 33 states and the District of Columbia prohibit the use of state Medicaid funds for abortion, and 11 states restrict private health insurance for abortion. Furthermore, U.S. legislation known as the Mexico City Policy or the Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance policy, also known as the "global gag rule," prohibits U.S. foreign assistance to organizations unless they promise not to perform or actively promote abortion as a form of family planning. This applies to public health organizations which may provide funding assistance for or information about abortion.

Abortion costs in the United States

Cost is a common barrier to abortion care in the United States. The cost of an abortion varies by facility, type of abortion, and gestation of the pregnancy. As of 2014, the median cost of a procedural or medication abortion in the first trimester is estimated to be about $500, and about twice as much in the second trimester. This does not include non-medical costs, such as transportation, lodging, childcare and lost wages.

U.S. abortion patients are disproportionately poor or low-income, and most do not have access to insurance coverage that pays for abortion. Private health insurance does not always cover abortion, and public health insurance only covers abortions within certain circumstances. As a result, the majority of abortion patients incur high out-of-pocket costs when receiving abortion services. The out-of-pocket costs of abortion contributes to delays in seeking care, which can further increase costs for the procedure and for travel to clinics that offer abortion at later gestation.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Common Questions About Abortion Funds". National Network of Abortion Funds. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
  2. ^ Towey S, Poggy S, and Roth R (2005). Abortion funding: A matter of justicity. Amherst, MA: National Network of Abortion Funds.
  3. ^ Ely, GE; Hales, T; Jackson, DL; Maguin, E; Hamilton, G (2017). "The undue burden of paying for abortion: An exploration of abortion fund cases". Social Work in Health Care. 56 (2): 99–114. doi:10.1080/00981389.2016.1263270. ISSN 0098-1389. PMID 27960652.
  4. Stewart, Nikita (2019-06-14). "New York City Allocates $250,000 for Abortions, Challenging Conservative States". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
  5. ^ prochoice. "NAF Hotline Fund". National Abortion Federation. Retrieved 2020-08-18.
  6. "Women's Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP)". National Network of Abortion Funds. Retrieved 2020-08-18.
  7. "hotlines and regional resources for family planning, abortion, and activism". Women Help Women Consultation. Retrieved 2020-08-18.
  8. "An Overview of Abortion Laws". Guttmacher Institute. July 1, 2019.
  9. ^ Jones, RK; Ingerick, M; Jerman, J (2018). "Differences in Abortion Service Delivery in Hostile, Middle-ground, and Supportive States in 2014". Women's Health Issues. 28 (3): 212–218. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2017.12.003. PMC 5959790. PMID 29339010.
  10. ^ Roberts, SCM; Gould, H; Kimport, Katrina; Weitz, TA; Foster, DG (2014). "Out-of-Pocket Costs and Insurance Coverage for Abortion in the United States". Women's Health Issues. 24 (2): e211 – e218. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2014.01.003. PMID 24630423.
  11. Jones, RK; Upadhyay, UD; Weitz, TA (2013). "At What Cost? Payment for Abortion Care by U.S. Women". Women's Health Issues. 23 (3): e173 – e178. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2013.03.001. PMID 23660430.
  12. ^ Jerman J, Jones RK and Onda T, Characteristics of U.S. Abortion Patients in 2014 and Changes Since 2008, New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2016.

External links

  • National Network of Abortion Funds - A US-based network of ~70 member abortion funds in about 40 states and the District of Columbia. The Network also runs advocacy campaigns to work toward repeal of abortion coverage restrictions, such as the Hyde Amendment.
  • National Abortion Federation - A US-based organization providing information, referrals, and assistance with coordinating funding, sometimes from multiple sources.
  • Abortion Support Network - A UK-based organization that provides advice, financial assistance, and housing for residents of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man, Malta and Gibraltar who need to travel for an abortion.
  • MARIA Abortion Fund for Social Justice - A Mexico-based organization that provides financial, logistical and emotional support to access legal abortion services in Mexico City.
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