Ivanoe Bonomi: Difference between revisions

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Ivanoe Bonomi


25th Prime Minister of Italy
In office 18 June 1944 – 21 June 1945
Monarch	Victor Emmanuel III
Lieutenant General	Prince Umberto
Preceded by	Pietro Badoglio
Succeeded by	Ferruccio Parri
In office 4 July 1921 – 26 February 1922
Monarch	Victor Emmanuel III
Preceded by	Giovanni Giolitti
Succeeded by	Luigi Facta
President of the Italian Senate
In office 8 May 1948 – 20 April 1951
Preceded by	Pietro Tomasi Della Torretta
Succeeded by	Enrico De Nicola

Personal details
Born	(1872-10-00)October 1872 Mantua, Lombardy, Kingdom of Italy
Died	20 April 1953(1953-04-20) (aged 79) Rome, Latium, Italy
Political party	Italian Socialist Party (1893–1912) Italian Reformist Socialist Party (1912–1922) Labour Democratic Party (1943–1948) Socialist Party of Italian Workers (1948–1951)

Ivanoe Bonomi Template:IPA-it (18 October 1873 – 20 April 1951) was an Italian statesman before and after World War II and ruled Italy as the 25th Prime Minister of Italy.

Bonomi was born in Mantua, Italy. He was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies in 1909, representing Mantua as a member of the Italian Socialist Party. He was among those expelled from the party in 1912, for his advocacy of reformism and moderation, as well as his support for the Italian invasion of Libya. Bonomi joined the Italian Reformist Socialist Party, and supported Italy's participation in World War I on the side of the Triple Entente.

Bonomi served as Minister of Public Works from 1916 until 1917, and as Minister of War from 1920 until 1921 - helping to negotiate a treaty with Yugoslavia (the Treaty of Rapallo). Later in 1921 he became Treasury Minister. A few months later, he became Prime Minister of Italy for the first time, in a coalition government—the first socialist to hold the post. Early in 1922, his government collapsed, and he was replaced as Prime Minister by Luigi Facta, amidst the Fascist insurgency led by Benito Mussolini. In October 1922, Mussolini gained power through the March on Rome, and Bonomi withdrew from politics.

In 1940, Bonomi joined an anti-Fascist movement. By 1943, when Mussolini was deposed, Bonomi had become a leader of the group. In June 1944, when Rome was taken by the Allies, he replaced Badoglio as Prime Minister of the new Italian government. He led Italy as the country was being gained from the Fascist Italian Social Republic and the Nazi German occupiers, and helped the country's transition to democracy.

Numerous reforms in social security were made during Bonomi's time as prime minister. A law of 18 January 1945 introduced survivors’ pensions within the INPS general scheme, based on previous contributions and insurance years, while a law of 1 March 1945 established a Social Insurance Supplementation Fund within INPS, which augmented the payments to people with lower pensions.

Bonomi came near to resignation in November 1944 over war strategy, but stayed on as Prime Minister at the urging of the British government of Winston Churchill. He remained Prime Minister until 1945, by which time World War II in Europe had ended, and stayed active in the Italian government after that moment, serving on the Constituent Assembly's committee on treaties, and also representing Italy in councils of foreign ministers until 1946. In 1948, he became President of the Italian Senate, and served in that position until his death.

After having been a founding member of the Labour Democratic Party in 1943, he later joined in 1947 the Italian Democratic Socialist Party, of which he was honorary chairman until his death.

He died on 20 April 1951 in Rome, aged 77.

Notes

Correct Italian pronunciations of the name Ivanoe are available in the (in Italian) Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia online.
Peter Flora (ed) Growth to Limits: The Western European Welfare States Since World War II, Volume 4

External links

Newspaper clippings about Ivanoe Bonomi in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

Offices and distinctions

Government offices
Preceded byAugusto Ciuffelli	Minister of Public Works 1916–1917	Succeeded byLuigi Dari
Preceded byLuigi Dari	Minister of Public Works 1919	Succeeded byEdoardo Pantano
Preceded byAlberico Albricci	Minister of War 1920	Succeeded byGiulio Rodinò
Preceded byGiulio Rodinò	Minister of War 1920–1921	Succeeded byGiulio Rodinò
Preceded byFilippo Meda	Minister of the Treasury 1921	Succeeded byGiuseppe De Nava
Preceded byCarlo Sforza	Minister of Foreign Affairs 1921	Succeeded byPietro Tomasi Della Torretta
Preceded byGiovanni Giolitti	Minister of the Interior 1921–1922	Succeeded byLuigi Facta
Preceded byPietro Badoglio	Minister of Foreign Affairs 1944	Succeeded byAlcide De Gasperi
Preceded bySalvatore Aldisio	Minister of the Interior 1944–1945	Succeeded byFerruccio Parri
Political offices
Preceded byGiovanni Giolitti	Prime Minister of Italy 1921–1922	Succeeded byLuigi Facta
Preceded byPietro Badoglio	Prime Minister of Italy 1944–1945	Succeeded byFerruccio Parri
Preceded byPietro Tomasi Della Torretta	President of the Italian Senate 1948–1951	Succeeded byEnrico De Nicola

v t e Prime ministers of Italy
Kingdom of Italy	Cavour Ricasoli Rattazzi Farini Minghetti La Marmora Ricasoli Rattazzi Menabrea Lanza Minghetti Depretis Cairoli Depretis Cairoli Depretis Crispi Starabba Giolitti Crispi Starabba Pelloux Saracco Zanardelli Giolitti Tittoni Fortis Sonnino Giolitti Sonnino Luzzatti Giolitti Salandra Boselli Orlando Nitti Giolitti Bonomi Facta Mussolini Badoglio Bonomi Parri De Gasperi
Italian Republic	De Gasperi Pella Fanfani Scelba Segni Zoli Fanfani Segni Tambroni Fanfani Leone Moro Leone Rumor Colombo Andreotti Rumor Moro Andreotti Cossiga Forlani Spadolini Fanfani Craxi Fanfani Goria De Mita Andreotti Amato Ciampi Berlusconi Dini Prodi D'Alema Amato Berlusconi Prodi Berlusconi Monti Letta Renzi Gentiloni Conte Draghi Meloni

Prime ministers of Italy

v t e Presidents of Italian Senate
Kingdom of Italy	Coller Manno Alfieri di Sostegno Settimo Sclopis Casati Fardella di Torrearsa Ambrois Pasolini Tecchio Durando Farini Saracco Canonico Manfredi Bonasi Tittoni Federzoni Suardo Thaon di Revel Tomasi Della Torretta
Italian Republic	Bonomi De Nicola Paratore Ruini Merzagora Zelioli-Lanzini Fanfani Spagnolli Fanfani Morlino Colombo Cossiga Fanfani Malagodi Spadolini Scognamiglio Pasini Mancino Pera Marini Schifani Grasso Casellati La Russa

v t e Italian ministers of foreign affairs
Kingdom of Italy	Cavour Ricasoli Rattazzi Pasolini Visconti-Venosta La Marmora Visconti-Venosta Campello Menabrea Visconti-Venosta Melegari Depretis Corti Cairoli Depretis Cairoli Mancini Depretis Robilant Depretis Crispi Starabba di Rudinì Brin Blanc Caetani Capelli Canevaro Visconti-Venosta Prinetti Tittoni Paternò Castello Guicciardini Tittoni Guicciardini Paternò Castello Sonnino Tittoni Scialoja Sforza Tommasi della Torretta Schanzer Mussolini Grandi Mussolini Ciano Mussolini Guariglia Badoglio Bonomi De Gasperi
Italian Republic	De Gasperi Nenni Sforza De Gasperi Pella Piccioni Martino Pella Fanfani Pella Segni Fanfani Piccioni Saragat Moro Fanfani Moro Fanfani Medici Nenni Moro Medici Moro Rumor Forlani Malfatti Ruffini Colombo Andreotti De Michelis Scotti Colombo Andreatta Elia Martino Agnelli Dini Ruggiero Berlusconi Frattini Fini D'Alema Frattini Terzi di Sant'Agata Bonino Mogherini Gentiloni Alfano Moavero Milanesi Di Maio Tajani

v t e National Liberation Committee of Italy
Parties	Christian Democracy Italian Socialist Party Italian Communist Party Italian Liberal Party Action Party Labour Democratic Party
Armed forces	Autonomous Brigades Garibaldi Brigades Justice and Liberty Brigades Green Flame Brigade Matteotti Brigades Osoppo Brigades People's Brigades
Prime Ministers	Ivanoe Bonomi Ferruccio Parri Alcide De Gasperi

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