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The '''Indus (सिन्‍धु नदी)''' (known as '''Sindhu''' in ancient times) is the principal ] of ]. It originates in ], flowing from the ] in a north-westerly direction through ], and then turning south for nearly the entire length of Pakistan. The ] had some of the earliest urban settlements in the world.

], near the rock Aornus.]]

== Course and Hydrology ==
=== Course ===
The ultimate source of the Indus is actually in ]; it begins at the confluence of the ] and ] that drain the ] and ] ranges. The Indus then flows northwest through ] just south of the ] range, then gradually bends to the south, coming out of the hills between ] and ]. It is dammed in this area also, forming the ]. The remainder of its route to the sea is in plains of the ] and ], and the river becomes slow-flowing and highly braided. Passing by ], it ends in a large delta to the southeast of ].

=== Tributaries ===
* ]
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=== Other ===
The Indus is one of the few rivers in the world that exhibit a ].

== History and Archeology ==
The ] was one of the oldest urban civilizations in the world. Its name comes from the Sanskrit word for river, 'sindhu', from which the 's' was dropped by its adoption into Persian. This gave the Persians the name of the land associated with the river 'Hindu' and the Greeks, dropping the 'H', 'Indus'. Its name was given to the entire subcontinent by the Romans, who adopted it to the current ']'.

== Wildlife ==
The ], modern genetic studies show, lives both in the Indus River and in the ]. The two populations were formerly considered distinct species. It formerly occurred in the tributaries of the Indus also and may have extended into the northwestern extremities of the Indian Province of ].
Located southeast of ], the large delta has been recognised by conservationists as one of the world's most important ecological regions.

== Related articles ==
* ]
* ]




==External Links==

* Northern Areas Development Gateway]
* The Mountain Areas Conservancy Project ]

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Revision as of 23:49, 1 February 2005