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Isidoro Orlanski

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Revision as of 21:48, 14 January 2025 by E00nyc (talk | contribs) (Added sources where applicable)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) Argentine-American atmospheric physicist
Isidoro Orlanski
Born1939 (age 85–86)
Rivera, Buenos Aires, Argentina
EducationUniversity of Buenos Aires
MIT
Known formesoscale meteorology
Scientific career
InstitutionsGeophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
Princeton University
Doctoral advisorJule Charney
Other academic advisorsJoseph Smagorinsky

Isidoro Orlanski (born 1939) is an Argentine-American atmospheric physicist, meteorologist, and ocean scientist. He is known for his contributions to the dynamics of weather systems and ocean currents, especially his work on mesoscale meteorology. He is currently an emeritus professor at Princeton University.

Early life and education

Orlanski was born in Rivera, Buenos Aires, in 1939 to Jewish immigrants Samuel and Sara Orlanski, who fled Wolkowysk, Poland during the early 20th century pogroms. With the help of the Jewish Colonization Association, which enabled Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe to farm in Argentina, the Orlanski family settled in rural Argentina before moving to Buenos Aires in the early 1940s.

In 1959, Orlanski enrolled in the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences (Spanish: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas) at the University of Buenos Aires, where he studied physics. During his study, Orlanski worked as a programmer for Dr. Rolando Garcia, the dean of the school at the time, assisting U.S. professors visiting the Department of Meteorology. In 1964, Orlanski earned a degree in physics from University of Buenos Aires. In 1965, he received a grant to pursue graduate studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Under the supervision of Jule Charney, he completed his PhD in 1967. His thesis, titled Instability of Frontal Waves, earned the Carl Gustav Rossby Award for best thesis in the Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences program.

Career

Before his return to Argentina, Orlanski followed Jule Charney's advice to spend a year in Washington, D.C., joining the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), where he worked with Joseph Smagorinsky. The GFDL, under the leadership of Dr. Joseph Smagorinsky, was developing numerical models for weather forecasting and climate assessment. Orlanski decided to spend his career at GFDL. He relocated with the lab to Princeton University, New Jersey, where he became a lecturer in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, a collaboration between the lab and Princeton.

By 1980, GDFL had grown to 134 staff members, with Orlanski being appointed the lab's first Deputy Director. During a sabbatical in Argentina in 1985, he established a center for numerical modeling that became the Centro de Investigaciones para el Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA). Orlanski retired from GFDL in 2007 but continued teaching at Princeton University until 2017, retiring as a lecturer with the rank of Full Professor.

Research

Orlanski’s worked in mesoscale meteorology. He introduced the terms Meso-alpha, Meso-beta, and Meso-gamma to classify the horizontal scales of atmospheric processes, widely used in limited area modeling. The primary purpose of Orlanski’s classification of mesoscale phenomena was to assist modelers in designing limited-area models for mesoscale prediction. This framework was used in the design of field experiments for mesoscale observations, as well as in defining the spatial and temporal scales necessary for forecast models. Moreover, it took over two decades for both numerical models and observational technologies to achieve an acceptable level of accuracy in this domain. His research on boundary conditions for unbounded hyperbolic flows has applications beyond meteorology, influencing fields like hydrology and flow chemistry.

Awards and honors

Selected publications

References

  1. ^ "Siempre está volviendo". nexciencia.exactas.uba.ar (in Spanish). 2012-04-26.
  2. ^ "GFDL Activities: Review of Twenty-Five Years of Research 1955-1980". NOAA. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  3. Gastón Partarrieu. "Nuestros Pueblos: Rivera (Col. Barón Hirsch)". Museo Dr. Adolfo Alsina (in Spanish). Museo Regional Carhué. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  4. María Paula Bugallo (August 2024). "Sobre la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales durante el peronismo clásico" (PDF). Instituto de Estudios y Capacitación (IEC) (in Spanish). CONADU. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  5. Orlanski, Isidoro (1968). "Instability of Frontal Waves" (PDF). Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 25 (2): 178–200. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1968)025<0178:IOFW>2.0.CO;2. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  6. ^ "Carl Gustav Rossby Award 1968". MIT PAOC. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  7. "The Sixties in Argentina: Political Repression, Cultural Vibrancy". Harvard Review of Latin America. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  8. "Pioneering Meteorologist Smagorinsky Dies". Princeton University. September 29, 2005. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  9. "The AOS Program's Fortuitous Beginnings" (PDF). Princeton University. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  10. "AOS & CICS Newsletter, Vol. 2 Number 2: Orlanski Trip to Argentina" (PDF). Princeton University. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  11. Orlanski, Isidoro (1975). "A Rational Subdivision of Scales for Atmospheric Processes". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 56 (5): 527–530. ISSN 0003-0007. JSTOR 26216020.
  12. Craig, G. C.; Selz, T. (2017). "Mesoscale Dynamical Regimes in the Midlatitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (1). doi:10.1002/2017GL076174. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  13. Craig, G. C.; Selz, T. (2017). "Mesoscale Dynamical Regimes in the Midlatitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (1). doi:10.1002/2017GL076174. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  14. Ulanski, Stan L.; Heymsfield, Gerald M. (1986). <0780:MSPOTW>2.0.CO "Meso-β Scale Perturbations of the Wind Field by Thunderstorm Cells". Monthly Weather Review. 114 (4): 780–793. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1986)114<0780:MSPOTW>2.0.CO. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  15. Das, S.; Ashrit, R.; Iyengar, G. R. (2008). "Skills of Different Mesoscale Models Over Indian Region During Monsoon Season: Forecast Errors". Journal of Earth System Science. 117: 603–620. doi:10.1007/s12040-008-0056-4. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  16. Markowski, Paul; Richardson, Yvette (2010-02-05). Mesoscale Meteorology in Midlatitudes. Wiley. doi:10.1002/9780470682104. ISBN 978-0-470-74213-6.
  17. Marchesiello, Patrick; McWilliams, James C.; Shchepetkin, Alexander (2001). "Open Boundary Conditions for Long-Term Integration of Regional Oceanic Models". Ocean Modelling. 3 (1–2). doi:10.1016/S1463-5003(00)000135. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
  18. NOAA Administrator's Award. NOAA. 1985-10-04. {{cite AV media}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |description= ignored (help)
  19. "AOS & CICS Newsletter, Fall 2011, Volume 5, Number 3" (PDF). Princeton University. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
  20. "List of Fellows". American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
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