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Todor Panitsa

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Todor Panitsa
BornJuly 2, 1876
Oryahovo, (present day Bulgaria)
DiedMay 7, 1925
Vienna, Austria

Todor Nikolov Panitsa (July 2, 1876 Oryahovo, today Bulgaria - May 7, 1925 Vienna) was a Bulgarian revolutionary figure active in the region of Macedonia.

Also, there are claimings that Todor, as well as his uncle Kosta Panitsa, was of Macedonian ethnic origin. Kosta Panitsa was a well-known General Major in Bulgaria, and Todor's father's brother.

Todor Panitsa was one of the leaders of the left wing of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization. He took part in the struggles of the Bulgarians in Thrace and the Macedonians in the beginning of the 20th Century. He was a member of one of the left political parties in Ottoman Macedonia in 1909–1910 - People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section) which had its headquarters in Solun. Panitsa would like to create a Balkan Socialist Federation, and Macedonian State as a part of that Federation.

In 1907 Panitsa organized and threshed the assassinations of Boris Sarafov and Ivan Garvanov, a right wing's IMRO leaders. During the Young Turks Revolution together with Yane Sandanski he cooperated with the Ottoman authorities. During the First World War he was a mayor of Drama and after that he was sentenced as growed by unconscionable bargains. After the jail Panitsa got into contact with the Comintern and Bulgarian Communist Party. He was killed by Mencha Karnicheva in Vienna.

Shortly before he was killed, he went to Solun to meet Elefterios Stavridis, a Greek politician. After the meeting, Stavridis wrote about the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), its struggle, ideals, disbandment, re-establishment and its downfall. He clearly stated that the IMRO fought for a united autonomous state of Macedonia, and therefore for the Macedonian nation, for its official fortification. But, above all, Stavridis concluded that the IMRO was a completely Macedonian national organization.

Quotes

— Who told you that I’m a Bulgarian?! We in the IMRO are not Bulgarians! We are Macedonians! I am astonished that you, a Greek communist, say something like that. I must explain it to you: you insult us when you call us Bulgarians!

— Sandanski was an apostle of the Macedonian nation.

References

  1. “Major Kosta Panitsa, a talented but flamboyant young officer of Macedonian origin.”: R. J. Crampton: A Concise History of Bulgaria (Cambridge Concise Histories), 2005 , p. 105
  2. R. J. Crampton: A Short History of Modern Bulgaria (1987) , p. 34
  3. Исаија Радев Мажовски: "Възпоминания", Софија, 1922 г., стр. 30
  4. Panitsa's followers were militant Macedonian nationalists - Victor Roudometof: "Nationalism and Statecraft in Southeastern Europe, 1750-1923", University of Pittsburgh, 1996, pg 500.
  5. Sunday Times, 15 Dec 1907, pg. 5.
  6. Northern Advocate , 3 October 1925, pg. 5.
  7. На 28 ноември 1907 г. Тодор Паница убива Борис Сарафов и Иван Гарванов.
  8. 8 май 1925 г. Във виенския Бургтеатър Менча Кърничева застрелва Тодор Паница
  9. Ελευθέριος Σταυρίδης - Τα Παρασκηνια του ΚΚΕ, Athens, 1953, pg. 207-218
  10. Todor Panitsa interviewed by Elefterios Stavridis - Τα Παρασκηνια του ΚΚΕ, Athens, 1953, pg. 209.
  11. ibid., pg. 213.

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