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The Endless River is the fifteenth and final studio album by the British progressive rock band Pink Floyd. It was released by Parlophone and Columbia Records in Friday-release countries on 7 November 2014, and in the United Kingdom and United States on 10 November 2014. It is Pink Floyd's first studio album since the death of keyboardist and founder member Richard Wright, who appears posthumously, and the third by the David Gilmour-led Pink Floyd following Roger Waters' departure in 1985. It is also the first Pink Floyd album distributed by Parlophone and Warner Bros. Records following the purchase of EMI and its assets by the Universal Music Group in 2012, their transfer to Parlophone and the purchase of Parlophone by Warner Bros. in 2013.

Described as a "swan song" for Wright, The Endless River mostly comprises instrumental music. It is based on 20 hours of unreleased material Pink Floyd wrote, recorded and produced with Wright during sessions for their previous studio album The Division Bell (1994). New material was recorded in 2013 and 2014 in Gilmour's studios the Astoria and Medina Studios in Hove, England. It was produced by Gilmour, Youth, Andy Jackson and Phil Manzanera.

Information about the The Endless River was leaked via social media, after which Pink Floyd made a formal announcement. The band, Parlophone and Columbia Records (outside Europe) launched a promotional campaign with television advertisements and installations of the album artwork in cities around the world, including London, New York, Paris, Berlin and Milan. The cover concept is by Ahmed Emad Eldin with sleeve design by Stylorouge and creative direction by Aubrey Powell.

The Endless River became the most pre-ordered album of all time on Amazon UK, and debuted at number one in several countries. The vinyl edition was the fastest-selling UK vinyl release of 2014 and the fastest-selling since 1997. The album received mixed reviews.

Background

After the departure of founding member Roger Waters in 1985 and Waters' failed attempt to dissolve the band, guitarist and vocalist David Gilmour was left to lead Pink Floyd with drummer Nick Mason. Keyboardist Richard Wright had been fired by Waters during the recording of The Wall (1979), but was invited back by Gilmour and Mason. Under Gilmour's leadership, Pink Floyd recorded two studio albums: A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987) and The Division Bell (1994). The latter saw a greater participation from Richard Wright, who shared his first writing credits on a Pink Floyd album since Wish You Were Here (1975), and recorded his first lead vocal since The Dark Side of the Moon (1973).

Wright died of an undisclosed form of cancer on 15 September 2008 at the age of 65. Initial tributes to Wright included statements from Gilmour, Mason and Waters, tribute performances by artists such as Elton John and various television and radio specials produced in the weeks following his death.

Composition

The Endless River comprises mostly ambient and instrumental music. The closing track "Louder Than Words" is the album's only song to have a lead vocal track, with lyrics by David Gilmour's wife Polly Samson, who also shares writing credits on Pink Floyd's The Division Bell and Gilmour's On an Island.

Mason described the album as a tribute to Wright: "I think this record is a good way of recognising a lot of what he does and how his playing was at the heart of the Pink Floyd sound. Listening back to the sessions, it really brought home to me what a special player he was." Gilmour told Mojo: "Unapologetically, this is for the generation that wants to put its headphones on, lie in a beanbag, or whatever, and get off on a piece of music for an extended period of time. You could say it’s not for the iTunes, downloading-individual-tracks generation."

Recording

The Endless River is based on material recorded in 1993 and 1994 during the Division Bell recording. The sessions were held at Britannia Row Studios and aboard the Astoria, where Pink Floyd's A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987) and Gilmour's On an Island (2006) were also partly recorded. In 1994, Wright said the band had recorded "four 90-minute DATs of five or six hours of music. The hardest thing was to throw things out and decide what we're gonna work on ... but they are not lost. They are in my head, they are in Dave's head." In the same year, Pink Floyd engineer Andy Jackson edited the material, described by Mason as ambient music, to an hour-long composition tentatively titled The Big Spliff. Pink Floyd decided not to release it.

In 2012, Gilmour and Mason decided to revisit recordings made with Wright prior to his death in 2008 to create a new Pink Floyd album. Gilmour said: "We listened to over 20 hours of the three of us playing together and selected the music we wanted to work on for the new album. Over the last year we've added new parts, re-recorded others and generally harnessed studio technology to make a 21st-century Pink Floyd album. With Rick gone, and with him the chance of ever doing it again, it feels right that these revisited and reworked tracks should be made available as part of our repertoire." Only a small part from The Big Spliff was used.

Gilmour asked guitarist and producer Phil Manzanera, who played on and co-produced On an Island, to work on the material. Manzanera listened to 20 hours of recordings and, with Jackson and engineer Damon Iddins, spent six weeks assembling four 14-minute pieces. Gilmour gave the first two of these pieces to producer Youth, who added guitar and bass parts. In November 2013, Gilmour led sessions with Manzanera, Youth and Jackson to record material with Mason, saxophonist Gilad Atzmon and bassist Guy Pratt. Backing vocalists including Durga McBroom recorded parts and Gilmour recorded lead vocals on "Louder than Words", with lyrics written by Gilmour's wife Polly Samson. The album comprises four pieces each taking a side of the record, with additional drum and guitar overdubs. Similar to how The Division Bell sampled a Stephen Hawking speech recorded for a British Telecom commercial in "Keep Talking", the track "Talkin' Hawkin'" contains a Hawking sample taken from the same advertisement. "Autumn '68" features a recording of Wright playing the Royal Albert Hall's pipe organ in 1969. The track also has additional keyboards, added more recently by Damon Iddins. Mason stated that unreleased sessions Wright recorded for Gilmour's solo projects could appear on Gilmour's future solo albums. The Endless River is the first Pink Floyd studio album since The Dark Side Of The Moon (1973) for which Mason receives writing credits (for "Sum" and "Skins").

Bassist and songwriter Roger Waters, who left Pink Floyd in 1985, was not involved in the recording. Asked if The Endless River is the final Pink Floyd album, Gilmour replied: "Yes, I'm pretty certain that there will not be any sort of follow-up after this."

Packaging

The Endless River cover artwork depicts a young boy in an open shirt punting across a sea of clouds towards the sun. The album is the fourth by Pink Floyd not to feature artwork by long-time collaborator Storm Thorgerson, who died in 2013; with his design company Hipgnosis, Thorgerson designed every Pink Floyd album cover but The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (1967), The Wall (1979) and The Final Cut (1983), including Pink Floyd's live and compilation albums. Hipgnosis co-founder Aubrey Powell discovered 18-year-old Egyptian artist Ahmed Emad Eldin and asked to use the concept from Eldin's piece Beyond the Sky for The Endless River. The final cover is a recreation of Eldin's work by London design firm Stylorouge. Eldin was a Pink Floyd fan and accepted enthusiastically. Powell felt Ahmed’s concept had "an instant Floydian resonance", and described it as "enigmatic and open to interpretation".

The album title is taken from a lyric on the last track and single released from The Division Bell, "High Hopes": "The water flowing / The endless river / Forever and ever." Gilmour said the lyric suggested "some sort of continuum" connecting the two records, since they came from the same sessions.

"Deluxe" editions

The Endless River was also released in boxed DVD and Blu-ray "deluxe" editions, containing a 24-page hardback book, postcards, and a bonus disc of three additional music tracks and six music videos. These nine tracks play for a total of 39 minutes. The DVD edition includes the album in Dolby Digital and DTS 5.1 surround sound, plus a 48kHz /24 bit stereo version. The Blu-ray has DTS Master Audio and PCM, 96/24 5.1 surround and a PCM stereo 96/24 version.

Promotion

The Endless River is the second Pink Floyd album distributed by Parlophone, following the release of the 20th anniversary editions of The Division Bell earlier in 2014. The Division Bell, along with subsequent live and compilation albums, were previously published by EMI in Europe and Sony counterpart Columbia Records for the rest of the world.

Pink Floyd were affected by the sale of EMI to the Universal Music Group, which lasted from 2011 to 2013. The European Commission and the Federal Trade Commission approved the sale with conditions, including the sale of certain EMI assets. Pink Floyd, along with many other bands under the EMI roster, were transferred to different labels during the process. The Parlophone Label Group was formed under Parlophone as one of many assets to be sold off by Universal following the acquisition of EMI, with Pink Floyd transferred to the Parlophone Label Group during the sale. The Warner Music Group, in 2013, struck a deal with Universal to buy the Parlophone label Group from EMI, acquiring publishing rights to Pink Floyd's back catalog and future releases in the process.

In a tweet on 5 July 2014, Pink Floyd lyricist and wife of David Gilmour, Polly Samson, leaked information about a new Pink Floyd album, including its title and a projected release window of October 2014 to pre-empt a tabloid newspaper report. The announcement was followed by backing vocalist Durga McBroom posting a photo of her alongside Gilmour in the recording studio. Details about The Endless River were announced on Pink Floyd's website on 7 July, describing it as "mainly ambient" and instrumental music. Pink Floyd and Parlophone formally unveiled The Endless River on 22 September 2014, including the release date, artwork and track listing, accompanied by a promotional website, a hyperstitial for the official Pink Floyd website. The site featured an artist's statement, photographs from the The Division Bell sessions, pre-order details and two teasers, one featuring a 30-second snippet of the album's second track, "It's What We Do", and a television advertisement, featuring the album's geometric-based artwork. pre-orders for the album on physical and digital formats started the same day. Prominent installations of the album's artwork were placed around the world, including a four-sided 8m tall billboard placed in South Bank, London, and large-scale poster advertisements in cities such as Berlin, Paris, Los Angeles, Milan, New York and Sydney.

The album's only song, "Louder than Words", premiered on Chris Evans' breakfast show on BBC Radio 2 as a shortened radio edit. Gilmour and Mason appeared in an interview for BBC Radio 6 Music to promote the album and to discuss Wright's contributions. The track "Allons-y (1)" was made available to download from the iTunes store on 4 November 2014. In the week leading up to its release, The Endless River broke the record for the most pre-ordered album in Amazon UK's history. On 27 November the record was broken by Take That's III. Gilmour stated that there would be no tour to support the album, saying it was "impossible" without Wright.

Reception

Professional ratings

Aggregate scores
Source	Rating
Metacritic	58/100
Review scores
Source	Rating
Financial Times
The Guardian
The Independent
Los Angeles Times
NME	5/10
The Observer
Pitchfork	5.7/10
PopMatters
Rolling Stone
Uncut

The Endless River received mixed reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has an average score of 58, which indicates "mixed or average reviews", based on 24 reviews as of 1 December 2014.

Ludovic Hunter-Tilney of the Financial Times praised the album's nostalgic "Floydian" sound, reminiscent of the band's work prior to The Wall, and wrote: "How fitting that a band so accustomed to loss should close their account with an engrossing elegy to their own past." Cameron Cooper of The Music gave the album three and a half out of five, writing that the album felt "less like a swansong and more like a final homage ... the lack of vocals (save for the album’s closing track) gives the music more freedom, allowing it to speak for itself." In The Guardian, Alexis Petridis described it as "not a new album from an extant band, but an echo from the past – or a last, warm but slightly awkward group hug ... on those terms, it works just fine," and praised the lead single and final track "Louder than Words" as "stately, poignant and open-hearted". In Rolling Stone, David Fricke wrote: "Wright was the steady, binding majesty in the Floyd's explorations. This album is an unexpected, welcome epitaph." The Observer wrote that the album is "an understated affair but unmistakably the Floyd ... a pretty good way to call it a day."

J.C. Maçek III of PopMatters wrote: "Without the vocals, something is very clearly missing and the listener is left wanting more. While this makes for a good album, The Endless River is not quite fitting to serve as the final album of the greatest rock band of their kind, to say nothing of one of the greatest rock bands of any kind ever to perform." Andy Gill of The Independent called it "just aimless jamming, one long thread of Dave Gilmour's guitar against Rick Wright's pastel keyboards and Nick Mason's tentative percussion, with nary a melody of any distinction alighted upon for the duration .... without the sparking creativity of a Syd or Roger, all that's left is ghastly faux-psychedelic dinner-party muzak." The NME wrote that The Endless River "sounds like what it is: a collection of spruced-up outtakes from 1994's Division Bell. On those limited terms it works well enough, and it's interesting from a certain geeky perspective, but it's never quite as satisfying or substantial as you want it to be." Pitchfork wrote that The Endless River "is quintessentially and self-consciously Pink Floyd, for better or for worse ... it proves to be one of the few Pink Floyd releases that sounds like a step backwards, with nothing new to say and no new frontiers to explore." Mikael Wood of the Los Angeles Times called it "so excruciatingly dull (even by Pink Floyd's often-dull standards) that the band's name on the cover feels like a straight-up bait-and-switch."

Commercial performance

In the week before its release, The Endless River displaced Four by One Direction as the most pre-ordered album of all time on Amazon UK. It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart, with sales totaling 139,351 the third highest opening sales week of 2014, making it Pink Floyd's sixth UK number one. As of 27 November 2014, the vinyl edition had sold 6,000 copies, making it the fastest-selling UK vinyl release of 2014 and the fastest-selling since 1997. The album also debuted at number one in several other countries, including France, Germany, Portugal, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, and Canada. In the US, it debuted at number 3 on the Billboard 200 with 170,000 copies sold in its first week; as of January 2015, it has sold 355,000 copies there.

Track listing

All tracks produced by David Gilmour, Phil Manzanera, Youth and Andy Jackson.

Personnel

Pink Floyd

• David Gilmour – guitars (all but 3), EBow guitar (1, 3, 10), lead vocals (18), backing vocals (7, 15, 17), keyboards (7, 15, 16), piano (6, 7), EMS VCS 3 (4, 6), bass guitar (2, 4, 7, 17), Hammond organ (18), percussion (8), voice samples (1)
• Nick Mason – drums (2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18) percussion (15, 18), rototoms (5), gong (5, 12, 16), voice samples (1)
• Richard Wright – Hammond organ (1, 11, 13, 16), Farfisa organ (4, 6, 14, 16), pipe organ (12), piano (4, 6, 8, 14, 18), Rhodes piano (9, 18), electric piano (3), keyboards (1, 2, 5, 16, 17), synthesiser (1, 2, 8, 10, 14, 17, 18), voice samples (1, 18)

Additional musicians

• Guy Pratt – bass guitar (9, 14)
• Bob Ezrin – bass guitar (11, 13, 18), additional keyboards (1)
• Andy Jackson - bass guitar (5, 16), effects (15)
• Jon Carin – synthesisers (9, 11, 13), percussion loop (11, 13)
• Damon Iddins – additional keyboards (4, 12)
• Anthony Moore – keyboards (15)
• Gilad Atzmon – tenor saxophone (7), clarinet (7)
• Escala:
  • Chantal Leverton – viola (18)
  • Victoria Lyon – violin (18)
  • Helen Nash – cello (18)
  • Honor Watson – violin (18)
• Durga McBroom – backing vocals (14, 17, 18)
• Louise Marshal – backing vocals (18)
• Sarah Brown – backing vocals (18)
• Stephen Hawking – voice sample (14)
• Youth, Eddie Bander and Michael Rendall  – additional programming, engineering, sound design, assorted synthesizers and keyboards

Production

• David Gilmour – producer
• Phil Manzanera – co-producer
• Youth – co-producer
• Andy Jackson – engineer, co-producer, mixing, mastering of bonus content on DVD and Blu-ray
• Bob Ezrin – co-producer 1993 sessions
• Damon Iddins – engineer
• Doug Sax - mastering for the vinyl issue

Artwork

• Aubrey Powell – creative director
• Stylorouge – sleeve design
• Ahmed Emad Eldin – album cover concept

Charts

Certifications

Release schedule

See also

• List of works published posthumously

References

Footnotes

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2. Toronto Sun
3. ^ Daily Nebraskan
4. Blake 2008, pp. 311–313: O'Rourke's involvement in the settlement; Povey 2008, p. 240 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPovey2008 (help): "a spent force".
5. ^ The Telegraph staff (16 September 2008). "Obituaries - Richard Wright". The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
6. ^ The Division Bell (liner notes). Pink Floyd. EMI, Columbia Records. 1994.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
7. Sweeting, Adam (16 September 2008). "Obituary: Richard Wright, Keyboard player and founder member of Pink Floyd". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
8. Simpson, Aislinn (16 September 2008). "Pink Floyd's Dave Gilmour pays tribute to band's founder Richard Wright". The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
9. Collis, Clark (18 September 2008). "Pink Floyd's Nick Mason on former bandmate Richard Wright (R.I.P.)". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
10. The Starpheonix staff (16 September 2008). "SP review: Elton John wins over Saskatoon". Canada.com. Postmedia Network. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
11. Johns, Matt (16 September 2008). "Tributes paid to Richard Wright from across the world". Brain Damage. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
12. NME staff (8 July 2014). "Pink Floyd reveal details of 'mainly ambient' new album". NME. IPC Media. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
13. ^ Daily Mail
14. Greene, Andy (22 September 2014). "Pink Floyd Roll Out Plans For 'The Endless River,' Their First LP in 20 Years". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
15. On an Island (liner notes). David Gilmour. EMI, Columbia Records. 2006.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
16. ^ Roberts, Randall (22 September 2014). "Pink Floyd offers release date, cover art for album 'The Endless River'". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Publishing. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
17. Wright, Richard (March 1994). "Pink Floyd's Richard Wright 3/94" (Interview). Interviewed by Redbeard. Minutes 6:45. Retrieved 10 October 2014. {{cite interview}}: Unknown parameter |program= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |subjectlink= ignored (|subject-link= suggested) (help)
18. ^ "The Return of the Parts of Something: The Making of The Endless River", by Daryl Easlea, Prog October 2014, pp. 38-45
19. Mason 2005, p. 315
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    • Delicate Sound of Thunder (liner notes). Pink Floyd. EMI / Columbia Records. 1988.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
    • Pulse (liner notes). Pink Floyd. EMI / Columbia Records. 1995.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
    • Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd (liner notes). Pink Floyd. EMI. 2001.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
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Bibliography

• Blake, Mark (2008), Comfortably Numb—The Inside Story of Pink Floyd, Da Capo, ISBN 0-306-81752-7
• Mason, Nick (2005), Philip Dodd (ed.), Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd (Paperback ed.), Phoenix, ISBN 0-7538-1906-6
• Schaffner, Nicholas (1991), Saucerful of Secrets (First ed.), London: Sidgwick & Jackson, ISBN 0-283-06127-8

External links

• The Endless River promotional website
• Pink Floyd official website
• Pink Floyd on Facebook

• Pages with empty short description
• 2014 albums
• Albums produced by David Gilmour
• Albums produced by Phil Manzanera
• Albums produced by Martin Glover
• Albums published posthumously
• English-language albums
• Parlophone albums
• Pink Floyd albums
• Warner Bros. Records albums