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Allahabad (Hindi: इलाहाबाद, Urdu اله اباد ilāhābād) is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh
The name, meaning "city of God", was given to the city by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1583.
The modern city is on the site of the ancient holy city of Prayaaga, and is one of four sites of the Kumbha Mela, the others being Hardwar, Ujjain and Nasik. It has a position of importance in the Hindu religion and mythology as the confluence point of the rivers Ganga, Yamuna, and the mythical Saraswati.
Because solar events in Allahabad occur exactly 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich, the city is the reference point for Indian Standard Time, maintained by the city's observatory.
History
Under British rule, Allahabad was the capital of the United Provinces till the 1920s. It was well-known as an educational centre, and in the first few decades of the 20th century, the Allahabad University had earned for itself the epithet of 'Oxford of the East'. It was also a major literary centre for Hindi, and numerous litterateurs were connected to it in some way or the other.
Allahabad was the birthplace of Jawaharlal Nehru, and the Nehru family estate in the city is now a museum. It has produced more prime ministers than any other city in India.
Geography
It is located in the southern part of the state, at 25.26 N. lat. and 81.50' E, and stands at the confluence of the Ganga (Ganges) and Yamuna rivers.
Kumbha and Magh Mela
The word 'Mela' is fair in Hindi. Except the years of the Kumbha Mela and the Ardha Kumbha Mela (Ardha is half in Hindi, hence the Ardha Kumbha Mela is held every 6th year), the Magh Mela takes place every year in the month of Magh (Jan - Feb) of the Hindu calendar. The Kumbha Mela takes place every 12 years and has more significance than the Magh Mela. These fairs take place on the banks of the holy river Ganga. It is widely believed that in the Kumbha Mela of 2001, almost 75 million people visited the banks of the rivers to take part in the festivals.