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Livestock in Brazil

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Cattle being driven by pantaneiros in Mato Grosso

Livestock in Brazil is a significant part of this Brazil's economy. Brazil had a Bovine herd of 218.23 million heads of cattle in 2016, raised on approximately 167 million hectares. The average stocking rate in the country is 1.25 head/ha (head unit per hectare). Currently, cattle production is shared mainly by the Midwest, Southeast and South, with the Northeast dominating goat and mule farms. Sheep are concentrated in the South and Northeast (Rio Grande do Sul, Bahia and Ceará are the main producers). Pigs and poultry are concentrated in the Southeast and South. In Brazil, July 15th is celebrated as the National Day of the Cattleman.

Brazil is the world's largest exporter of chicken meat: 3.77 million tons in 2019. The country owns the second largest cattle herd in the world, 22.2% of the world herd. The country was the second largest producer of beef in 2019, accounting for 15.4% of the world's production. It was also the world's third largest milk producer in 2018. This year the country produced 35.1 billion liters. In 2019, Brazil was the 4th largest pork producer in the world, with almost 4 million tons.

Sectors

Bovine cattle in Mato Grosso

Bovinae

Cattle in São Paulo

The Brazilian cattle herd had 218.23 million head in 2016. Brazil's main cattle ranching center is the state of Mato Grosso, the largest cattle herd in Brazil. In 2016, the Midwest had 34.4% of the national total. The Northern Region recorded 47.98 million heads of cattle, the second largest in the country. Mato Grosso was the state with the largest cattle herd, housing 13.9% of the Brazilian total. The state had, at the time, 30.30 million head of cattle. Minas Gerais, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul contributed with 10.8%, 10.5% and 10.0% of the national herd, respectively. At the municipal level, the largest herds were located in São Félix do Xingu (PA), Corumbá (MS), Ribas do Rio Pardo (MS), Cáceres (MT) and Marabá (PA). Among the 20 municipalities with the largest herds, 13 were located in the Center-West, six in the North, and one in the South of the country. Brazil has the second largest cattle herd in the world, 22.2% of the world herd, second only to India, which does not produce cattle for consumption. The country was also the second largest producer of beef, responsible for 15.4% of global production. The United States (the world's largest producer), Brazil and the European Union together accounted for almost half of all the beef produced in the world in 2016. In 2016 Brazilian fresh beef exports totaled 1.08 million tons with a value of 4.35 billion reais. Brazil in 2018 was the world's 3rd largest milk producer, behind only the United States and India. This year, the country produced 35.1 billion liters.

Milk extraction in Minas Gerais.

The South region holds first place in the ranking in Brazilian milk production. The South has 35.7%, competing with the Southeast (which was the largest producer until 2014), which has 34.2%. The Southeast has the largest herd of milked cows: 30.4% of the total 17.1 million existing in Brazil. The highest productivity, however, is that of the South Region, with an average of 3,284 liters per cow per year, so it has led the milk production ranking since 2015. The municipality of Castro, in Paraná, was the largest producer in 2017, with 264 million liters of milk. Paraná is already the second largest national producer with 4.7 billion liters, second only to Minas Gerais. Minas Gerais is the main milk producing state in Brazil, with the largest herd of milked cows as well, accounting for 26.6% of production and 20.0% of total milking animals. The municipality of Patos de Minas was the 2nd largest producer in 2017, with 191.3 million liters of milk.

Swine

Swine breeding in Jaborá, Santa Catarina.

In 2019, Brazil was the 4th largest pork producer in the world, with almost 4 million tons, behind China, the European Union, and the United States.

Regarding pork, the 3 southern states are the largest producers in the country. Brazil had 41.1 million head in 2017. Santa Catarina is the largest producer in Brazil, with 19.7% of the national share. The state is responsible for 28.38% of the country's slaughters and 40.28% of Brazilian pork exports. Paraná (17.2%) and Rio Grande do Sul (14.6%) are the second and third largest producers. Toledo (PR), Rio Verde (GO) and Uberlândia (MG) are the cities with the largest quantities of pork.

Caprines e ovines

Herd of sheep

The Northeast region was home to 93.2% of the goat herd (8,944,461 heads) and 64.2% of the sheep herd (11,544,939 heads) in 2017. Bahia concentrated 30.9% of the goat herd and 20.9% of the national sheep herd. Casa Nova (BA) took the first position in the municipal ranking with the largest herds of both species. The South Region was the 2nd largest in the country in sheep herd, with 4.2 million head. Sheep shearing activity remained predominant in the South region, which is responsible for 99% of wool production in the country. Rio Grande do Sul remained the state with the highest national participation, representing 94.1% of the total. The municipalities of Santana do Livramento, Alegrete, and Quaraí led the activity. Currently, the production of meat has become the main objective of sheep farming in Rio Grande do Sul, due to the increase in prices paid to the producer that made the activity more attractive and profitable. There, sheep breeds better adapted to the subtropical climate are used.

Poultry

Poultry farming in Santa Catarina.

Brazil is the world's largest exporter of chicken meat: 3.77 million tons in 2019. The Brazilian poultry flock, in 2018, was around 1.5 billion heads. Poultry flocks, according to IBGE, encompass chickens, roosters, hens and chicks. In 2018, the South region, with emphasis on raising chickens for slaughter, accounted for almost half of the Brazilian total (46.9%). Paraná alone accounted for 26.2%. The situation is reversed, however, when it comes to chickens. The first region in the ranking was the Southeast, with 38.9% of the total number of heads in the country. A total of 246.9 million chickens were estimated for 2018. The state of São Paulo accounted for 21.9%. Santa Maria de Jetibá (ES) was the municipality that had the largest numbers of both chickens and hens. For the ranking of chickens came next Cascavel (PR), Bastos (SP), Rio Verde (GO) and Uberlândia (MG).The ranking of municipalities for chickens is completed by Bastos (SP), Primavera do Leste (MT), São Bento do Una (PE) and Itanhandu (MG). In 2017, the main chicken producing states were Paraná (25.3%), São Paulo (14.0%), Rio Grande do Sul (11.0%), Santa Catarina (10.8%). As for the effective of chickens, in 2017 there were 242.8 million heads: Southeast (38.7%) and South (26.0%), the largest producers. Among the states, São Paulo led with 21.9%, followed by Paraná (10.1%), Rio Grande do Sul (8.8%), Minas Gerais (8.7%) and Espírito Santo (7.9%).

Production of laying birds in Santa Helena, Paraná.

In 2016, Brazil was the seventh largest egg producer in the world. Brazil's production of hen eggs was 4.4 billion dozen in 2018, generating an income of R$14.0 billion. The Southeast region had 43.8% of this total. The South comes in 2nd place, with approximately 24% of production. The state of São Paulo was the largest national producer (25.6%). Paraná comes in second with approximately 10%. Among the municipalities, the largest producers are the cities of Santa Maria de Jetibá (ES), Bastos (SP) and Primavera do Leste (MT).

In 2018, the Brazilian quail herd was 16.8 million birds. The Southeast accounts for 64%. São Paulo (24.6%) and Espírito Santo (21.0%) are the largest producers. In the municipal ranking, Santa Maria de Jetibá (ES) is in first place both in the number of animals and in egg production. Bastos (SP) was in second position.

Aquaculture

In aquaculture, the west of Paraná, in municipalities close to Toledo and Cascavel, has become the largest fish producing region in the country, with tilapia as the main species cultivated. The west represents 69% of all the production of Paraná, the biggest national producer, with 112 thousand tons. Of this amount, 91% refers to tilapia farming.

The country's fishing production totaled 485.2 thousand tons in 2017. Paraná (20.2%), São Paulo (9.8%), and Rondônia (8.2%) had the largest shares. The city of Nova Aurora led the national production. Tilapia, with 283.2 thousand tons, represented 58.4% of the fish farming. The tambaqui, with 18.2%, is the second most raised species. The North region is the largest producer of tambaqui.

Shrimp production in Brazil was 41.0 thousand tons in 2017. Rio Grande do Norte (37.7%) and Ceará (28.9%) were the largest producers. Aracati, in Ceará, was the city with the largest share.

The production of oysters, scallops and mussels was 20.9 thousand tons in 2017. Santa Catarina holds 98.1% of the national production. Palhoça, Florianópolis, and Bombinhas were the cities with the highest production.

Bubalines

Buffalo in Marajó

In 2016, the Brazilian buffalo herd was 1.37 million head. The North Region concentrated 66.2% of the buffalo herd, while the rest was distributed among the Southeast (12.7%), Northeast (9.5%), South (7.4%) and Midwest (4.4%). Pará was responsible for 37.9%, followed by Amapá (21.6%), together representing 89.9% of the herd in the North and 59.5% of the national herd. Of the ten municipalities with the largest herds, six are in Pará and four in Amapá. In terms of municipalities, the first position is held by the Municipality of Chaves (PA), with 160.85 thousand animals, followed by Cutias (AP) and Soure (PA).

Raniculture

In 2016, Brazil was considered the 2nd largest frog breeder in the world, behind only Taiwan. However, it is a small-scale creation, without precise data even on the amount produced: the last official survey cited 160 tons per year, but some say this number is three times higher. As the price per kilo of frog meat is high, consumption is small and reserved for very few people. Frog meat is easy to digest, has high nutritional value, low in fat and low in cholesterol, and is also considered a gastronomic delicacy. Some nutritionists consider frog meat to be the best protein available for consumption.

Beekeeping and meliponiculture

Beekeeping in Embu das Artes, São Paulo.

In 2017, Brazil was the 11th largest honey producer in the world, with less than 4.0% of global exports of the product. A total of 41.6 thousand tons were produced, 16.5 thousand tons of which were produced in the South Region.

The South Region was the leading honey producer in the country in 2017, accounting for 39.7% of the national total. Rio Grande do Sul was 1st with 15.2%, Paraná in 2nd with 14.3%, Santa Catarina in 5th with 10.2%.

Duck

In Brazil, the production of duck meat is concentrated in Santa Catarina. It is of low volume, aimed at a niche market. In 2015 the country exported U$ 7,637 million worth of this meat, mainly to Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Japan. At the time, the largest company in the region specializing in this meat slaughtered about 10,000 ducks per day.

See also

References

  1. GOMES, Rodrigo; FEIJÓ, Gelson; CHIARI, Lucimara. "Evolução e Qualidade da Pecuária Brasileira".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ "IBGE: rebanho de bovinos tinha 218,23 milhões de cabeças em 2016" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  3. "Dia do Pecuarista destaca a importância da profissão" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-07-15. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  4. "Conheça os 3 países que desafiam o Brasil nas exportações de frango". Avicultura Industrial (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  5. Formigoni, Ivan (2019-05-30). "Maiores exportadores de carne de frango entre 2015 e 2019". Farmnews (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  6. "IBGE: rebanho de bovinos tinha 218,23 milhões de cabeças em 2016" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  7. Formigoni, Ivan (2019-07-23). "Principais países produtores de carne suína entre 2017 e 2019". Farmnews (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  8. "Brasil é o 3º maior produtor de leite do mundo, superando o padrão Europeu - Agronews" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  9. ^ "Produção de leite cai 0,5% e totaliza 33,5 bilhões de litros em 2017". Revista Globo Rural (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  10. ^ VERDE, PORTAL VALE. "VALE VERDE FM - A Rádio da Família!". PORTAL VALE VERDE (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  11. Formigoni, Ivan (2019-07-23). "Principais países produtores de carne suína entre 2017 e 2019". Farmnews (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  12. ^ "PPM 2017: Rebanho bovino predomina no Centro-Oeste e Mato Grosso lidera entre os estados | Agência de Notícias". Agência de Notícias - IBGE (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  13. ^ "PPM 2017: Rebanho bovino predomina no Centro-Oeste e Mato Grosso lidera entre os estados | Agência de Notícias". Agência de Notícias - IBGE (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  14. "Ovinos". Atlas Socioeconômico do Rio Grande do Sul (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-04-13. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  15. "Conheça os 3 países que desafiam o Brasil nas exportações de frango". Avicultura Industrial (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  16. Formigoni, Ivan (2019-05-30). "Maiores exportadores de carne de frango entre 2015 e 2019". Farmnews (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  17. ^ "As cidades brasileiras com o maior número de aves". Avicultura Industrial (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  18. "PPM 2017: Rebanho bovino predomina no Centro-Oeste e Mato Grosso lidera entre os estados | Agência de Notícias". Agência de Notícias - IBGE (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  19. "Brasil é sétimo maior produtor mundial de ovos". Avicultura Industrial (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  20. "PPM 2017: Rebanho bovino predomina no Centro-Oeste e Mato Grosso lidera entre os estados | Agência de Notícias". Agência de Notícias - IBGE (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  21. Janeiro, Helen MartinsDo Rio de (2016-11-06). "Brasil é segundo maior criador de rãs do mundo". Globo Rural (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  22. "Produtores trocam frangos por patos". Avicultura Industrial (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
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