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Revision as of 16:46, 24 December 2022 by 185.244.155.224 (talk)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) For the administrative subdivision, see Shahin Dezh County. City in West Azerbaijan, Iran| Shahin Dezh شاهيندژ | |
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| City | |
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  Shahin Dezh | |
| Coordinates: 36°40′45″N 46°34′01″E / 36.67917°N 46.56694°E / 36.67917; 46.56694 | |
| Country | Iran |
| Province | West Azerbaijan |
| County | Shahin Dezh |
| Bakhsh | Central |
| Population | |
| • Total | 43,131 |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+4:30 (IRDT) |
Shahin Dezh (Template:Lang-fa, Template:Lang-ku; also Romanized as Shāhīn Dezh; also known as Şā’īn Dezh, Shahindej, and Sahin Dazh; formerly, Sāīn Kale, صائین قالا and Şā’īn Qal‘eh) is the capital city of Shahin Dezh County, in the West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. In the 2006 census, its population was 34,204, with 8,671 families. it is populated by the Kurds.
Shahin Dezh is located about 1,300 meters in elevation. The city is on the Zarrineh River, southeast of Lake Urmia.
History
The modern town of Shahin Dezh was formerly known as Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh. The name Ṣāʾīn (also spelled Sāīn, Shahin, etcetera.) is derived from the Mongol sayin, which translates as "good".
The local Turkic Afshars were brought to the area from Shiraz at the beginning of the 19th century by Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834), the second shah of Qajar Iran. Later, a segment of these Afshars had to migrate to Urmia in order to make way for the Chardawri (Chardowli) Lurs. The chief of the Chardowli's resided at Mahmuddjik and was the commander of c. 5,000 men. In 1830, Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh was sacked by Kurds led by Sheikh Ubeydullah. Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh, being the site of an Iranian military garrison in the past, safeguarded the entrance to the Azerbaijan Province through the Zarrineh valley.
The ancient Karaftu caves, first described by Robert Ker Porter (1777–1842), and the old site of Takht-e Soleyman were formerly located in the territory of the Afshars of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh. The lake of Chamli Göl, near the village of Badarli with its floating island were likewise well known at the time. Some of the Afshars of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh belonged to the Yarsanism sect.
The old site of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh is now occupied by the modern town of Shahin Dezh, which is also the chef-lieu of Shahin Dezh County. In c. 1950, its population was 3,170 which by 1991 had increased to 25,050.
The fortress of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh must not be confused with the similarly named fortress on the Abhar river to the east of Soltaniyeh, which was mentioned by Hamdallah Mustawfi (1281 – after 1339/40).
References
- "Statistical Center of Iran > Home".
- Shahin Dezh can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3081937" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-09-20.
- ^ Minorsky, V. (1997). "Ṣāʾīn Ḳalʿa". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Lecomte, G. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume IX: San–Sze. Leiden: E. J. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-10422-8.
External links
| West Azerbaijan province, Iran | ||
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| List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province | ||
| Capital |  | |
| Counties and cities | ||
| Tourism | ||
| Places | List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province | |