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Revision as of 21:37, 11 October 2003 by 80.255 (talk | contribs) (correction of incorrect information and minor changes to restore NPOV)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)Ian Douglas Smith (born April 8, 1919) was the Premier of the British Crown Colony of Southern Rhodesia from April 13, 1964 - November 11, 1965 and the Prime Minister of the Republic of Rhodesia from November 11, 1965 - June 1, 1979.
He was born in Selukwe and educated in Gwelo and at the Rhodes University in South Africa. He served with the RAF during WW II. He returned home to finish his degree and then bought a farm in Selukwe. He became active in politics from 1948, first with the Liberal Party, then the United Federal Party. In 1962 he was one of the founders of the Rhodesian Front Party. The party won a very slim majority in the 1962 elections and formed a government. In April 1964 Smith was appointed leader of the Rhodesian Front Party, replacing Winston Field, and thus became Premier of Southern Rhodesia.
Smith was staunchy opposed to Britain's interference in the Rhodesian government and insistence that he allow terrorist organisations to stand in elections. After repeated sanctions were imposed, Smith issued a Unilateral Declaration of Independence on November 11, 1965. The British colony of Southern Rhodesia became a sovereign republic, a move Smith believed would finally free the nation from Britain's constant meddling.
The numerous international sanctions proved too difficult for the new country to withstand however, and in 1979 Smith agreed to hold multi-racial elections. Following the elections, Rhodesia was re-named Zimbabwe-Rhodesia and Bishop Abel Muzorewa was elected as Rhodesia's first black Prime Minister.
Smith would continue to hold a variety of political jobs under the new administration until the 1980 election, which was widely considered to be subject to very much intimidation and political violence on the part of the "nationalist" terrorist groups, in which the terrorist leader Robert Mugabe defeated Muzorewa. Mugabe was as viciously anti-white and anti-any other black ethnic group but his own. He stripped Smith of his citizenship and was also responsible for the genocide of the Matabele people.