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Battle of Granada
Part of the Reconquista
The Capitulation of Granada, by Francisco Pradilla y Ortiz: Muhammad XII surrenders before Ferdinand and Isabella. Oil on canvas, 1882.
Date January 2, 1492 Location Granada, Spain Result Spanish victory
Belligerents
Castile, Aragon	Granada
Commanders and leaders
Catholic Monarchs (Isabella and Ferdinand)	Muhammad XII (POW)
Strength
100,000	30,000
Casualties and losses
3,000 dead or wounded	1,000 dead, wounded, or captured

The Battle of Granada was a siege of the city of Granada fought over a period of months leading up to its surrender on January 2, 1492. The city was captured by the combined forces of Aragon and Castile from the armies of the taifa Muslim Emirate of Granada. Granada's forces were led by Sultan Boabdil (Muhammed XII).

Since the spring of 1491, Granada had been all that was left of the former Moorish state when the Spanish forces of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile laid siege to the walled city. After several attempts to disperse the besiegers had been defeated, Boabdil attempted to raise support from the Islamic Marinid state in Morocco. He negotiated a four month truce with the Spanish whereby he would surrender if no help was received by the expiry of the truce. This failed to materialise and, on the agreed date the city capitulated.

This relatively small campaign was of momentous consequences as Granada was the last outpost of Al-Andalus in Spain and its fall brought to an end 780 years of Muslim control in the Iberian peninsula. It also marked the final act in the Reconquista, the campaign by the medieval Christian states of Spain to drive out the Moorish invaders.

It is described in some detail in the fact-based novel, Queen's Cross by Lawrence Schoonover.

Granada still celebrates the 2nd of January.

Bibliography

• Mind Alive Encyclopedia of World History, Marshall Cavendish, (London, 1974)

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