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Water security

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It has been suggested that Water security and emergency preparedness be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since April 2010.

Water security is the capacity of a population to ensure that they continue to have access to potable water. It is an increasing concern arising from population growth, drought, climate change, oscillation between El Nino and La Nina effects, urbanisation, salinity, upstream pollution, over-allocation of water licences by government agencies and over-utilisation of groundwater from artesian basins. Water security is rapidly declining in many parts of the world.

It impacts regions, states and countries. Tensions exist between upstream and downstream users of water within individual jurisdictions.

During history there has been much conflict over use of water from rivers such as the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

Water security is sometimes sought by implementing water desalination, pipelines between sources and users, water licences with different security levels and war.

Water allocation between competing users is increasingly determined by application of market-based pricing for either water licences or actual water.

Most affected countries

Based on the map published by Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the countries and regions suffering most water stress are North Africa, the Middle East, India, Central Asia, China, Chile, South Africa and Australia. Water scarcity is also increasng in South Asia.

International competition

More than 50 countries on five continents are said to be at risk of conflict over water.

Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia Project (Guneydogu Anadolu Projesi, or GAP) on the Euphrates has potentially serious consequences for water supplies in Syria and Iraq..

Intra-national competition

Water Security Continues to affect the world. But Australia is one of the most desperate

References

  1. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119047944/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 Retrieved 2009-01-19
  2. http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=4406040&q=%22water+security%22&uid=&setcookie=yes Retrieved 2009-01-19
  3. ^ http://www.stormingmedia.us/75/7593/A759324.html Retrieved 2009-01-19
  4. http://www.cgiar.org/enews/june2007/images_06_07/story12c.gif Retrieved 2009-01-19
  5. World Bank Climate Change Water: South Asia’s Lifeline at Risk World Bank Washington D.C
  6. http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/natres/waterindex.htm Retrieved 2009-01-19

Further reading

  • International Water Security: Domestic Threats and Opportunities, 2008, ISBN 13: 9789280811506 328 pages, Paperback by United Nations University

External links

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