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Icosane

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Icosane
Skeletal formula of icosane
Skeletal formula of icosane
Ball-and-stick model of icosane
Ball-and-stick model of icosane
Names
IUPAC name Icosane
Other names Didecyl
n-Eicosane
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.653 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 204-018-1
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C20H42/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-20H2,1-2H3Key: CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/C20H42/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-20H2,1-2H3Key: CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYAJ
SMILES
  • C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CC
Properties
Chemical formula C20H42
Molar mass 282.5475 g/mol
Appearance Colorless crystals or wax-like solid
Melting point 36.7 °C (98.1 °F; 309.8 K)
Boiling point 342.7 °C (648.9 °F; 615.8 K)
Solubility in water Insoluble
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkY verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Icosane (also known by the name eicosane or as didecyl) is an alkane with the chemical formula C20H42. It has 366,319 constitutional isomers.

Icosane has little use in the petrochemical industry, as its high flash point makes it an inefficient fuel. Due to its chemical inactivity, n-icosane (the straight-chain structural isomer of icosane) is part of the paraffin group, and is the shortest molecule in the compounds used to form candles.

Icosane's size, state or chemical inactivity does not exclude it from the traits its smaller alkane counterparts have. It is a colorless, less dense than water, non-polar molecule, nearly non-reactive unless combusted, and insoluble in water. Its non-polar trait means it can only perform weak intermolecular bonding (hydrophobic/van der Waals forces).

Icosane's phase transition at a moderate temperature makes it a candidate phase change material, or PCM which can be used to store thermal energy and control temperature.

Naming

IUPAC currently recommends icosane, whereas Chemical Abstracts Service and Beilstein use eicosane.

References

  1. Material Safety Data Sheet for Eicosane
  2. "Table 11 Basic numerical terms (multiplying affixes)". IUPAC. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
  3. "Footnote for Table 11". IUPAC. Retrieved 2011-02-16.

External links

  • Icosane at Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
Alkanes
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