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Šabac (Шабац) is a city located in Serbia and Montenegro at 44.76° North, 19.69° East along the Sava river in the historic region of Mačva. In 2003 the city has total population of 55000.

History

The first settlement on the current location of Šabac dates from the Middle Ages, a document from 1454 records a town called Zaslon. It was part of the Slavic Serbian state until it fell to the Ottoman Empire. In 1470 the Turks built the first fortress in the town and named it Bejerdelen (trans. that which strikes from the side). The fort passed from Ottoman to Austrian rule several times as it was on a fairly important geostrategic position. The border town was also a prominent place for commerce.

The etymology of the newer and present name, Šabac, is uncertain, but it's probably a morphing of the word Sava. Šabac became a site of importance in Serbian history in the First Serbian Uprising. In 1806, Karađorđe Petrović led the Serbian insurgents into one of the first victories over the Turkish army near the village of Mišar near the city of Šabac. The Obrenović family also left a mark on the city as the place of residence of the enlightened Jevrem Obrenović, brother of Prince Miloš Obrenović, who modernized and urbanized the city after the Second Serbian Uprising. During this time (1820s-1840s), the first hospital, pharmacy, Serbian grammar school, gymnasium, theatre and musical society were established in Šabac.

The city was liberated from the Ottomans in 1867. The first newspaper was printed in Šabac in 1883, and the city was also the first place in Serbia where women started visiting coffeeshops (on Sunday afternoons, as it was customary for men at the time). The city prospered until the First World War when it was severely destroyed and had its population halved (from ca. 14,000 to 7,000). The WWI is also remembered for the battle on the nearby Cer mountain where the Serbian army under general Stepa Stepanović won an early victory against Austria-Hungary in August 1914, the first Allied victory in the war.

See also: List of cities in Serbia and Montenegro

Reference

"The World Gazetteer" (http://www.world-gazetteer.com )

External link

• Šabac municipality official web site

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