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The People's commune (Chinese: 人民公社; Pinyin: renmin gongshe) in the People's Republic of China, were formerly the highest of three administrative levels in rural areas during the period of 1958 to 1982-85 until they were replaced by townships. Communes, the largest collective units, were divided in turn into production brigades and production teams. The communes had governmental, political, and economic functions.
History
The People's commune was born during the Great Leap Forward, when Mao Zedong had a vision of surpassing United Kingdom and the United States in a short period of time in terms of steel production.
Mao Zedong, wishing to further mobilize the peasants, combined smaller farm collectives into the People's commune. Each communes usually consist of 4,000-5,000 households and larger ones can consist of up to 20,000 households.
The Peopls' commune were made official state policy in 1958 after Mao Zedong visited an unofficial commune in Henan.
See also
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