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A non-canonical base pairing is an interaction between two bases of a nucleic acid other than the standard base pairings, which are adenine–thymine in DNA, adenine–uracil in RNA, and cytosine–guanine in both. There are three main types of non-canonical base pairs: those stabilized by polar hydrogen bonds, those having interactions among C−H and O/N groups, and those that have hydrogen bonds between the bases themselves.

Non-canonical base pairings commonly occur in the secondary structure of RNA (e.g. pairing of G with U), and in tRNA recognition. They are typically less stable than standard base pairings. The presence of non-canonical base pairs in double stranded DNA results in a disrupted double helix.

See also

• Hoogsteen base pair
• Wobble base pair

References

1. Roy, Ashim; et al. (2008). "Structure, Stability, and Dynamics of Canonical and Noncanonical Base Pairs: Quantum Chemical Studies". J. Phys. Chem. B. 112 (12): 3786–3796. doi:10.1021/jp076921e.
2. Hermann, Thomas; Westhof, Eric (1999). "Non-Watson-Crick base pairs in RNA-protein recognition" (PDF). Chemistry and Biology (6): 335–343.
3. Lemieux, Sébastien; Major, François (1 October 2002). "RNA canonical and non-canonical base pairing types: a recognition method and complete repertoire". Nucleic Acids Res. 30 (19): 4250–4263. PMC 140540.
4. Das, Jhuma; et al. (2006). "Non-Canonical Base Pairs and Higher Order Structures in Nucleic Acids: Crystal Structure Database Analysis". Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 24 (2). doi:10.1080/07391102.2006.10507108.

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