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Lachin

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Revision as of 18:10, 19 October 2021 by 185.32.44.49 (talk)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) For other places with the same name, see Lachin (disambiguation) and Laçın (disambiguation). Place in Lachin
Lachin
Coordinates: Template:Xb_type:city(100-120) 39°38′27″N 46°32′49″E / 39.64083°N 46.54694°E / 39.64083; 46.54694
DistrictLachin (de jure)
Population
 • Total100−120
Time zoneUTC+4 (AZT)

Lachin (Template:Lang-az, (listen), lit. 'falcon'; Template:Lang-ku) or Berdzor (Template:Lang-hy) is a town within the strategic Lachin corridor, which connects Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia, and is under the supervision of the Russian peacekeeping force following the ceasefire agreement, ending the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. The town is the de jure centre of the Lachin District of Azerbaijan, and it was under the de facto occupation of the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh from 1992 to 2020, administrated as part of its Kashatagh Province.

History

Lachin region, is located in mountainous terrain, in the south-west of the Azerbaijan Republic. It borders on Kalbajer in the north, Khojaly, Shusha and Khojavand regions in the east, Gubadli region in the south and the Republic of Armenia in the west. There were the rarest mahogany tree forests in the world, , different kinds of mineral water, cobalt, uranium, mercury, gold, iron, marble deposits in different colors, too many medicinal plants in the territory of Lachin. Tagi Shahbazi chose the location of the region and gave it the name of Lachin. Lachin region was established in 1924. The center of the region is the city of Lachin. The area of the area is 1883 sq.m. km., the population was 65 430 people. Lachin is an area with a rich historical past. Monuments of Lachin are one of the most valuable and unique monuments comparable to the Azykh caves in the Khojavend region and Taglar in the Jabrayil region, dating back to the 1st-2nd millennium BC. The surface is mountainous, the northern part is located on the southwestern slope of the Karabakh ridge, on the southeastern slope of the northern Mihtoken ridge, in the southwestern highlands of Karabakh. The highest point is Mount Gizilbogaz (3594 m). Rivers - Khakari and its tributaries. These are mainly herbaceous, mountain meadow, brown mountain forest and carbonate mountain black soils. There is 1 bus station, 82 bus stops, 2,130 km of roads, 92 bridges, 1187 km of water pipes, 33 tanks, a laundry, 15 km of central sewerage, 20 km of heating networks, 14 baths, 8 types of fuel in the Lachin region. There is a charging station, 2,636 km of overhead power lines, 498 km of a gas pipeline, 10,200 km of radiotelephone communication lines, 3 TV stations and transmitters, and others. Weaving was also developed in Lachin.

The word “Lachin” means “falcon”. You can see falcons flying on the summits of the mountains surrounding Lachin. The majestic birds add particular beauty to these places of the rich ancient culture.

On the 18th May 1992 Armenian military troops occupied Lachin and its people became the refugees.

First Nagorno-Karabakh War

Town of Lachin and the surrounding district were the locations of severe fighting during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1990–1994, and the town has not wholly recovered from the destruction of that war. Lachin has significant importance because of the Lachin corridor, which links Armenia to Nagorno-Karabakh.

Following the city's capture by Armenian forces, it was burned down and all of its original 7,800 Azerbaijani and Kurdish populations became internally displaced people as a result of forceful deportations.

Armenian occupation

From 1992, Lachin was administrated by the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh as part of its Kashatagh Province. Artsakh repopulated the city by attracting ethnic Armenians from Armenia and Lebanon.

The OSCE Minsk Group co-chairs had noted that "Lachin has been treated as a separate case in previous negotiations." The Lachin corridor and the Kalbajar district had been at the centre of Armenian demands during the Nagorno-Karabakh peace talks with Azerbaijan.

On 16 June 2015 European Court of Human Rights passed a judgement in the case of "Chiragov and Others v. Armenia", which concerned the complaints by six Azerbaijani ethnically-Kurdish refugees that they were unable to return to their homes and property in the district of Lachin, in Azerbaijan, from where they had been forced to flee in 1992 during the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. The Court confirmed that Armenia exercised effective control over Nagorno-Karabakh and the surrounding territories and thus had de facto jurisdiction over the district of Lachin; however, the Court also found that the denial by the Armenian Government of access to the applicants’ homes constituted an unjustified interference with their right to respect for their private and family lives as well as their homes.

2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war

Following the ceasefire agreement ending the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, the Lachin District was set to be returned to Azerbaijan on 1 December, with Russian peacekeepers securing the Lachin corridor which passes through the town. However, the unclear and unstable situation in the region have caused many Armenians to evacuate from the city.

The Artsakh mayor of Lachin, Narek Aleksanyan, first called on the ethnic Armenian population of the town to evacuate. However, later Aleksanyan stated that the agreement had been changed and that Lachin, Sus, and Zabux which are located inside the Lachin corridor would not be handed over to Azerbaijan, urging the Armenian population to stay in their homes. Despite Aleksanyan's calls, the vast majority of Armenians in Lachin, as well as Lebanese-Armenians in Zabux fled the region.

Azerbaijani MP Zahid Oruj, the chairman of the Center for Social Research, which is linked to the Azerbaijani government, denied that the Lachin district would not be handed over in its entirety.

On December 1, Azerbaijani forces, with tanks and a column of trucks, entered the district, and the Azerbaijani MoD released footage from the Lachin district. On December 3, the Azerbaijani Ministry of Defence released video footage from the town of Lachin.

Following the ceasefire, only around 200 Armenians remained in the Lachin corridor, with 100-120 of them being in Lachin.

According to the Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev, a new corridor will be built in the region as the Lachin corridor passes through the city of Lachin, and when this corridor is ready, the city will be returned to the Azerbaijani administration.

Demographics

Year Population Ethnic groups Source
1914 124 100% Kurds Caucasian Calendar
1926 435 37.7% Turks (now Azerbaijanis), 25.3% Kurds, 15.2% Armenians, 13.1% Russians Soviet census
1939 1,063 80.7% Azerbaijani, 11.6% Armenians, 6.4% Russians Soviet census
1959 2,329 94.5% Azerbaijani, 4.3% Armenians 1% Russians Soviet census
1970 4,990 95% Azerbaijani, 2.7% Russians & Ukrainians, 1.1% Armenians Soviet census
1979 6,073 99.1% Azerbaijani Soviet census
1989 7,829 Soviet census
2005 2,190 ~100% Armenians NKR census
2015 1,900 ~100% Armenians NKR estimate
2021 100-120 ~100% Armenians

Terrain

The town is scenically built on the side of a mountain on the left bank of the river Hakari.

Twin cities

Lachin is twinned with:

Gallery

  • View of the town View of the town
  • Former WW2 memorial turned into Nagorno-Karabakh conflict memorial Former WW2 memorial turned into Nagorno-Karabakh conflict memorial
  • Playground in the town Playground in the town
  • View of part of Lachin View of part of Lachin
  • Road in Lachin Road in Lachin
  • Building of Armenian mobile operator company Building of Armenian mobile operator company
  • Holy Ascension Church in Berdzor, opened in 1998 Holy Ascension Church in Berdzor, opened in 1998

References

Notes

  1. ^ Sara Petrosyan (February 22, 2021). "Փոքրաթիվ հայեր դեռևս բնակվում են Քաշաթաղում, բայց դա ռուսների քմահաճույքով է պայմանավորված". hetq.am. Hetq. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  2. ^ "Rusiya Müdafiə Nazirliyi: Laçın dəhlizində hərəkətə sülhməramlılar nəzarət edir". BBC Azerbaijani Service (in Azerbaijani). December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  3. "Азербайджан взял под контроль Лачин спустя 28 лет". Caucasian Knot (in Russian). December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  4. "Azerbaijani troops enter Lachin district in Nagorno-Karabakh". TASS. November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  5. ^ Vendik, Yuri (November 17, 2020). "Армяне оставляют Лачин, несмотря на конец войны в Карабахе и прибытие российских миротворцев". BBC Russian Service (in Russian). Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  6. ^ "Laçın – məğrur rayonun hekayəsi". BBC Azerbaijani Service (in Azerbaijani). December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  7. CountryWatch - Interesting Facts Of The World Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  8. Press release issued by the Registrar of the Court. "Azerbaijani refugees' rights violated by lack of access to their property located in district controlled by Armenia". European Court of Human Rights. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
  9. ^ "Laçın şəhəri ermənilərdəmi qalır? Ermənilərə belə deyilib, amma onlar şəhəri tərk edir". BBC Azerbaijani Service (in Azerbaijani). November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  10. https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1036360/D090D180D0BCD0B5D0BDD0BFD180D0B5D181D181
  11. "Azerbaijani Forces Enter Third District Under Nagorno-Karabakh Truce". RFERL.org. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. December 1, 2020.
  12. "Azərbaycan Müdafiə Nazirliyi Laçında dövlət bayrağının asılması barədə video yayıb". BBC Azerbaijani Service (in Azerbaijani). December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  13. "Laçın şəhərinin videogörüntüləri".
  14. "İlham Əliyev: "Yeni dəhliz hazır olandan sonra Laçın şəhəri bizə qaytarılacaq"". BBC Azerbaijani Service (in Azerbaijani). December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
  15. Cite error: The named reference calendar was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. "Курдистанский уезд 1926". www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
  17. "Лачинский район 1939". www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
  18. "Лачинский район 1959". www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
  19. "Лачинский район 1970". www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
  20. "Лачинский район 1979". www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
  21. "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". demoscope.ru.
  22. http://census.stat-nkr.am/nkr/1-1.pdf
  23. "Urban communities of the NKR" (PDF). stat-nkr.am. National Statistical Service of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. January 1, 2015. p. 13.
  24. Лачин, Great Soviet Encyclopedia
  25. "Azerbaijan Protests California Town’s Recognition of Nagorno-Karabakh." RIA Novosti. December 6, 2013.

Bibliography

  • Е. М. Поспелов (Ye. M. Pospelov). "Имена городов: вчера и сегодня (1917–1992). Топонимический словарь." (City Names: Yesterday and Today (1917–1992). Toponymic Dictionary." Москва, "Русские словари", 1993.

External links

Lachin District
Capital: Lachin
Kashatagh Province
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