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Vocal jazz or jazz singing is an instrumental approach to jazz using the voice. Similar to a cappella, it utilizes vocal arrangements to create sounds forming music, rather than relying on traditional musical instruments.

Vocal jazz emerged in the early twentieth century, with its roots in Blues. Popular blues singers such as Bessie Smith and Ma Rainey would later have a great deal of influence of jazz vocalists such as Billie Holiday. Other characteristics of vocal jazz such as scat singing would come out of the New Orleans jazz tradition. Louis Armstrong's 1926 recording of "Heebie Jeebies" is often cited as the first modern song to employ scatting. This would later evolve into the complex vocal improvisation of the bop era that would be adopted by Anita O'Day, Sarah Vaughan, Betty Carter, and Dizzy Gillespie.

Technical characteristics of vocal jazz include diction based on vernacular rather than formal speech patterns. Legato and vibrato are also not constants in the articulation of vocal jazz.

See also

• Vocalese
• Scat singing

References

1. "Bessie Smith Biography: Controversy". SparkNotes. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
2. Crowther, Bruce; Pinfold, Mike (1997). Singing Jazz. Miller Freeman Books. ISBN 0-87930-519-3.
3. Robinson, J. Bradford (2007). Scat Singing. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians.
4. Spradling, Diana; Binek, Justin (June 2015). "PEDAGOGY FOR THE JAZZ SINGER". The Choral Journal. 55 no.11. American Choral Directors Association: 6–17 – via JSTOR.

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