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N.W.A |
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N.W.A ("Niggaz With Attitudes") is a hip hop group that was originally formed in Compton, California in 1986, and disbanded in 1991. Over the course of the four years that the original group was together, N.W.A became one of (if not, the) the first gangsta rap act to achieve widespread commercial success without radio airplay or many other conventional mainstream promotions. In fact, they were banned from many radio stations. In 2007 The N.W.A. announced plans to reunite with members Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, MC Ren and The D.O.C. and release an album called "This 1'z 4 You".
Overview
Their second album, Straight Outta Compton, marked the beginning of the new gangsta rap era as the production and lyrics were revolutionary with respect to the previous early 1980s releases of the genre. In 2004, Rolling Stone Magazine ranked N.W.A #83 on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
Widely understood to be a drug dealer, Eazy-E began Ruthless Records. Ice Cube had already written a song for him named "Boyz-N-The Hood," and when one of the bands on his label rejected it, Eazy-E decided to rap it himself. Eazy formed "Niggaz With Attitudes" (N.W.A.) with Ice Cube as the MC, Arabian Prince former World Class Wreckin' Cru members Dr. Dre and DJ Yella. Eazy-E released the party album N.W.A and the Posse on Macola Records. Although marketed as N.W.A's debut album, half the songs didn't feature N.W.A, but rather a loose connection of artists on Ruthless Records. Arabian Prince stayed with N.W.A. until July, 1988 (but he can still be seen on album picture of Straight Outta Compton, between Yella and Ice Cube). In the same year, the group added MC Ren. One year later, Arabian Prince released Brother Arab, his first LP.
"The World's Most Dangerous Group"
N.W.A released the groundbreaking Straight Outta Compton in 1988. Many considered it a wake-up call to the problems that were going on in the West, particularly in South Central Los Angeles. "Straight Outta Compton" reflected a rising anger in the city, "Fuck tha Police" talked of police violence, and "Gangsta Gangsta" spoke of gang life. The album has become best-known for these opening three songs, since the remainder are fairly lightweight in subject matter, mainly dealing with aspects of partying.
Each member of N.W.A learned rap and production skills from the School Road Boys, who had met Dre in the 1980s and made significant contributions to the album by helping to co-produce it. Both Ice Cube and, to a lesser extent, MC Ren contributed lyrics, with Eazy-E providing comic relief within his rhymes. Producers Dr. Dre and Yella composed beats for each song, and Dre occasionally rapped on the album as well.
Some of the lyrics were considered highly controversial, especially those of "Fuck Tha Police," perhaps the group's most notorious song. As a result of the lyrics, Milt Ahlerich, an assistant director of the FBI, sent a letter to Ruthless Records and its parent company Priority, advising the rappers that "dvocating violence and assault is wrong and we in the law enforcement community take exception to such action." Policemen refused to provide security to the group's concerts, hurting their plans to tour. The FBI's letter only served to draw more publicity to the group.
This was one of the albums which prompted the parental advisory label scheme. Yet, reflecting the change in attitudes over time, the parental advisory label then only displayed "WARNING MODERATE impact coarse language and/or themes".
Rolling Stone magazine recently placed it 144th on their list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All-Time.
Departure of Ice Cube and a new album
Ice Cube left the group in late 1989 because he suspected that Eazy and his manager, Jerry Heller, were skimming money off of the group's album profits. He wasted little time putting together his debut solo album, AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted, which included “A Message to the Oreo Cookie”, an interlude in which vehement insults are addressed to an unnamed individual – perhaps the increasingly-gentrified Eazy-E, as the track concludes with a sneering “think about it... fuckin’ sell-out.”
In N.W.A's next release, some five months later, they merely alluded neutrally to Ice Cube’s departure, rapping in the title track of their EP "100 Miles and Runnin'" that the group "started with five but one couldn't take it/ So now it's four, 'cause the fifth couldn't make it."
However, the following year, the band’s next full-length release, Efil4zaggin ( Niggaz4Life spelled backwords) showed a clear animosity towards their former member. Insulting references to Ice Cube are found in several songs, and in the middle of the album the track “A Message to B.A.” echoes his “Message to the Oreo Cookie”. In this interlude, Ice Cube is first addressed by the name "Benedict Arnold", after the notorious traitor of the American Revolutionary War, but then named outright in a montage of abuse. “When we see yo’ ass, we gon’ cut yo’ hair off an’ fuck you with a broomstick,” promises MC Ren.
The insults escalated: AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted had avoided direct attacks on N.W.A, but on Ice Cube’s second album, Death Certificate, he fired back. He sampled and mocked the “Message to B.A.” before embarking on a full-length rap, "No Vaseline", accusing N.W.A and their associates of a variety of failings, including being phonies, fools and homosexuals. Some considered his call for the murder of Eazy-E excessive, and his references to Heller’s religion prompted accusations of anti-Semitism ("You can't be the nigga for life crew, with a white Jew telling you what to do"), which may have prompted the track’s omission from the UK release of the album. The film Eazy-E and the N.W.A. was written , directed and stars Wesley Jonathan as Eazy-E. The Film is based on N.W.A..
After Eazy-E’s death and the break-up of N.W.A, tensions eased: Ice Cube teamed up with Dre to record a track for Snoop Dogg’s short film and musical project Murder Was the Case, and both Dr. Dre and MC Ren guested on the track “Hello” on Cube’s 2000 album ‘‘War & Peace - Volume 2 (The Peace Disc).’’
End of N.W.A.
Dre began his solo career, forming Death Row Records with former Bobby Brown bodyguard Suge Knight. His first album was The Chronic. On the single "Fuck Wit Dre Day", Dre and Snoop Doggy Dogg (now known as Snoop Dogg) poke fun at Eazy-E and on the video for "Dre Day" Eazy was a character named Sleazy-E which was running around desperately trying to get money.
Eazy-E responded by releasing the EP It's On (Dr. Dre) 187um Killa. On the songs "Real Muthaphuckkin G's" (or "Real Compton City G's") and "It's On", Eazy-E makes fun of Dr. Dre by calling him a "she thang" and on the music video showing pictures of Dr. Dre wearing cosmetics and flashy clothes. Suge Knight also dissed Eazy-E after his death, claiming the possibility that one can be shot with AIDS, Like a Eazy-E thang you know?.
After N.W.A.
After the high-profile efforts of N.W.A., all of the members pursued different occupations.
In 2004 Alwayz Into Somethin' and Express Yourself appeared on popular videogame Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, playing on West Coast hip hop radio station Radio Los Santos.
Reunion
In 1994, Ice Cube reteamed with Dr. Dre for the song "Natural Born Killaz" for the soundtrack to the short film Murder Was the Case. The reunion was a hit, as it helped propel the album to #1. 1998 saw the beginning of a partial N.W.A. reunion when Cube and Dre were soon rejoined by MC Ren to record some new songs. They first recorded "Hello" for Ice Cube's sixth solo album War & Peace - Volume 2 (The Peace Disc), featuring the hook "I started this gangsta shit / And this is the mutherfuckin' thanks I get?" Later, the three recorded "Chin Check" for Ice Cube's movie Next Friday with Snoop Dogg in place of deceased Eazy-E. Yella was not included on either reunion tracks but was supposed to get involved later as he wasn't on the road with the Up in Smoke Tour along with the others, who were recording the tracks in a mobile studio. These tracks were planned to be a part of a conceptual comeback album of N.W.A. called Not These Niggaz Again, that was to be produced by Dre on the part of the beats and Ice Cube on the part of the lyrics. But due to the artists' fully booked schedules and some label problems, the new album never materialized. The main obstacles were coordinating three different record labels (Priority, No Limit, Interscope), foreclosing the copyright of the use of the name N.W.A., and endorsing the whole project to gain exclusive rights. Supposedly they did not succeed in realizing these goals, so those two songs were added to N.W.A.'s Greatest Hits album when it was remastered (archives by VH1 from 1999, 2000, and 2002). There is another reunion on The D.O.C.'s album Deuce: "The Shit", on which The D.O.C., MC Ren, Ice Cube, Snoop Dogg and Six-Two spit their verses. Dr. Dre and DJ Yella have nothing to do with the song. There is also a remix of the song called "Tha Shit" featuring Eazy E's son Lil' Eazy.
Capitol and Ruthless Records released The N.W.A. Legacy, Vol. 1: 1988-1999 in 1998, an album that only contained three songs from the actual group, but contained many solo tracks from the five members. The success of the album caused the labels to release a second volume, The N.W.A. Legacy, Vol. 2, two years later. It followed the same format of the first album, containing only three tracks from the actual band and many songs from them as solo artists.
Members
Eazy-E
Main article: Eazy-EEazy-E (real name: Eric Lynn Wright) had a moderately successful solo career as a rapper and producer. He remained the head of Ruthless Records and was the executive producer of acts including Above the Law, MC Ren, and Bone Thugs-N-Harmony. His street credibility was temporarily damaged in Compton due to public political associations with the Republican Party, specifically President George H.W. Bush. Regardless, he continued to be an influential and representative image of gangsta rap in hip hop circles .
Eazy-E kept the feud going with Dr. Dre by verbally attacking Dre and his protégés on Eazy's EP. It's On (Dr. Dre) 187um Killa, while not as successful as Dre's The Chronic, it managed to go platinum in 1993. In 1995, he was working on a comeback album, Str8 off tha Streetz of Muthaphukkin Compton when he checked into a hospital with the belief he had strep throat. In a publicized statement, Eazy announced he had contracted HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. This is due to his history of unprotected sex with multiple partners, exemplified by the fact that Eazy is said to have fathered seven children with six different women. (One of his sons, who goes by the name of Lil Eazy-E, is now a burgeoning rapper.) During the week of March 20, the star drafted his last message to fans. A month after making that announcement, Eazy succumbed to the disease at a local hospital in Los Angeles at age 31. Some believe that before his death, Eazy had made amends with Ice Cube and Dr. Dre (although others believe that only DJ Yella saw Eazy while he was in hospital). The evidence stems from Dr. Dre's song "What's the Difference?" from 2001, which raps "Eazy I'm still with you, fuck the beef, nigga, I miss you, and that's just bein real with you." Dr. Dre said in an interview on VH1 once that Eazy had made peace with all the other members but when he got to the hospital to see him he was already in a coma and died shortly after.
Dr. Dre
Main article: Dr. DreDr. Dre had a successful solo career as a rapper and producer. After N.W.A., he introduced the world to a new type of West Coast hip hop known as G-funk, which consists of P-Funk-influenced beats and samples and "gangsta" subject matter. The style grew to be very popular, as his debut album The Chronic went quadruple-platinum and launched the career of Snoop Dogg, who featured prominently on the album and went on to release his Dre-produced debut Doggystyle, which went 5x platinum. Such enormous success overcame New York's dominance on the hip hop scene, making West Coast rap a serious competitor.
Prior to the death of fellow Death Row artist Tupac Shakur and the incarceration of Death Row co-founder Suge Knight, Dre left the label, forming his own label known as Aftermath Entertainment. He released a poorly received compilation album, Dr. Dre Presents...The Aftermath, only notable for his own single, "Been There, Done That". In 1999, he re-emerged as a force on the hip-hop scene with Eminem's The Slim Shady LP, which was executive-produced by Dre, and his own 2001, which featured similar "gangsta" subject matter as The Chronic but saw his production style take a different direction. The former went on to become 5x platinum and the latter 6x platinum, helping establish Aftermath on the hip-hop scene. Eminem's follow-up album, The Marshall Mathers LP, featured increased production involvement from Dre and was an enormous commercial and critical success, selling a record-breaking 1.7 million copies in its first week and eventually became one of only four rap albums in history to reach the 10x platinum (1x diamond) mark. Dre's success continued when he and Eminem produced 50 Cent's best-selling major-label debut, Get Rich Or Die Tryin'. Dre has also launched the career of Compton rap newcomer The Game, executive-producing his 2005 debut album The Documentary. Dre also has other big name rappers such as Eve and Busta Rhymes on the Aftermath roster.
Rolling Stone magazine named Dre the 54th Greatest Artist of All-Time.
Ice Cube
Main article: Ice CubeIce Cube also became a highly successful rapper. As of 2006, he has released six solo albums. Whereas N.W.A. rapped about gang life on the street, Ice Cube continued to include social commentary on his records on subjects such as gun control in the ghetto and the 1992 Los Angeles riots. Like Dr. Dre, he has gained influence over other rappers such as Eminem and The Game. His political albums are most remembered for referring to America as AmeriKKKa, as well as addressing hypocrisy and issues such as ganglife and racism. All of his solo albums, except his first, debuted in the top 5. His first three albums (AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted, Death Certificate, and The Predator) were big hits; they all achieved platinum status, and were greeted with rave reviews by critics. His fourth solo effort, Lethal Injection, was recorded on the back of projects with his crew, Da Lench Mob, and starring in Boyz N the Hood. It found Cube trying to keep up with the G-funk sound that was popular on the West Coast at the time, and as a result, Cube started to lose ground to his fellow West Coast rappers, such as Dre & Snoop. In 1996, he ended up being involved with the East Coast-West Coast hip hop rivalry. He teamed up with Mack 10 and WC to form the rap supergroup known as Westside Connection, which released hit singles such as "Bow Down" and "Gangsta Nation." After only two albums, the group split up in 2004 after feuding and personal issues.
As his popularity increased, Ice Cube has experienced success as a film actor and director, starring in films such as the aforementioned Boyz N the Hood, Friday, Three Kings, xXx: State of the Union, Barbershop and Are We There Yet?. He has also released a reality TV series in March 2006, named Black.White. After an attempt to sign a contract to be on Aftermath Records he released his new album Laugh Now, Cry Later in 2006 on his own record company, Da Lench Mob Records.
MC Ren
Main article: MC RenMC Ren began a solo career under Eazy-E's Ruthless Records and after the death of his friend and producer, DJ Train, he departed from Eazy-E's side. He remained on the record label, releasing four albums, including his first gold release and his critically acclaimed platinum LP Shock of the Hour which made him more an underground act than his former colleagues. In 2004, Ren announced plans for a project with West Coast political rapper Paris. This turned out to be the Public Enemy album Rebirth Of a Nation (2006). Paris and MC Ren are featured most prominently on two tracks, "Raw Shit" and "Hard Truth Soldiers".
DJ Yella
Main article: DJ YellaBeing a DJ, there was not much of a commercial solo career for Yella to pursue, thus he was the lone member to remain loyal to Eazy-E after the breakup. He continued producing Eazy-E's records, including a couple of tracks for Eazy-E's protégés Bone Thugs-N-Harmony's debut EP Creepin On Ah Come Up. He also claimed he was the lone member of N.W.A. to be at Eazy-E's deathbed when he died. After the death of his friend, Yella released a solo album as a tribute to his former bandmate, but as with N.W.A., Yella did not touch the mic; instead, he hired guest rappers such as Dirty Red, Dresta, Traci Nelson, Leicy Loc, B.G. Knocc Out, and Efil4zaggin lyricist Kokane to perform. Yella has since retired from the music business and is now directing pornographic movies.
The D.O.C.
Main article: The D.O.C.Tracy Curry aka The D.O.C., joined N.W.A. in 1986 as a rapper. After the groups first album, N.W.A. and the Posse left the group. However, after Ice Cube briefly left the group in 1987, The D.O.C. joined the group as a writer. He impressed them so much that he was kept in the group as a writer even after Ice Cube returned. The D.O.C. wrote lyrics on all of the N.W.A albums particularly on the album Efil4zaggin. In 1989, The D.O.C. released his Dr. Dre-produced debut album, No One Can Do It Better. Dre's production was similar to his production work for N.W.A. at the time, but he also included one rap/rock song and a reggae-influenced track. At a time when virtually every well known California rapper was releasing gangsta rap albums, The D.O.C. released an LP with lyrics that more closely resembled the styling of East Coast lyricists. Shortly after the album's release, The D.O.C. was involved in a car accident which severed his larynx, reducing his voice to a raspy wheeze. He went on to introduce Dr. Dre to Suge Knight and help mold the career of Snoop Dogg. The D.O.C. split with Death Row after a dispute over money, and recorded an ill-advised comeback album, Helter Skelter in 1995. With his voice reduced to an ineffective rasp it didn't create the buzz his debut did. He returned to his hometown, Dallas, to form his record label and released his third album, Deuce. The D.O.C. has officially rejoined N.W.A. as a rapper for the N.W.A.'s 2007 reunion.
Arabian Prince
Main article: Arabian PrinceThe Arabian Prince found the going tough when he departed the group for a solo career in 1988. His debut Brother Arab on Orpheus barely scraped the bottom of the R&B and pop charts in 1989. His first solo releases are in demand nowadays. His album credits include Where's My Bytches as well as work on N.W.A.'s Straight Outta Compton and production for various other West Coast hip hop artists. Arabian Prince has reappeared testing video games for FOX Interactive around the year 2000, and currently runs a 3D animation studio.
Incarnations
1st Incarnation 1986 - 1987
- Eazy-E
- Ice Cube
- Dr. Dre
- Arabian Prince
- DJ Yella
- Krazy Dee
- Ron-De-Vu
- Wil Wheaton
2nd Incarnation 1987 - 1988
- Eazy-E
- Ice Cube
- Dr. Dre
- MC Ren
- Arabian Prince
- DJ Yella
3rd Incarnation 1988 - 1989
- Eazy-E
- Ice Cube
- Dr. Dre
- MC Ren
- DJ Yella
4th Incarnation 1989 - 1991
- Eazy-E
- Dr. Dre
- MC Ren
- DJ Yella
5th Incarnation 2007
- Ice Cube
- Dr. Dre
- MC Ren
- The D.O.C.
Timeline
- 1986 - N.W.A. is unofficially formed with members like Eazy-E, Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, Arabian Prince and DJ Yella.
- March 3, 1987 - Eazy-E meets his future business partner and future manager, Jerry Heller.
- July 9, 1987 - Eazy-E disbanded the street duo "Eazy-E & Ron-De-Vu" (duo's songs in "N.W.A. And The Posse were: L.A. Is The Place & Fat Girl"). After he explained to Ron-De-Vu that he has a real group now, Ron-De-Vu started doing music with Alonzo Williams and Cli-N-Tel
- November 6, 1987 - N.W.A releases their first album, though only 4 songs of 11 are performed by N.W.A.
- November, 1987 - N.W.A with all six members and starts a 14-date national tour on the bill with UTFO, Salt & Pepa and Heavy D.
- February, 1988 - Back-up members Ron-De-Vu and Krazy Dee leave N.W.A, Arabian Prince soon leaves afterward.
- February, 1988 - MC Ren and The D.O.C. join the N.W.A., Ren as a rapper and D.O.C. as a writer.
- July, 1988 - Ruthless Records cuts a deal with Atco Records to distibute products by JJ Fad and Michel'le.
- August, 1988 - N.W.A releases its first official album, Straight Outta Compton, which eventually sells 3 million units.
- September, 1988 - Music channel MTV bannes N.W.A's music video "Straight Outta Compton," claiming the clip, a re-creation of a police gang sweep of black teens, "glorified violence".
- September, 1988 - Eazy-E releases solo album "Eazy-Duz-It, " which eventually sells more than 2.5 million copies.
- June 19, 1989 - Members of N.W.A are arrested for performing "Fuck Tha Police" on stage.
- August 20, 1989 - The D.O.C. falls asleep while behind the wheel of a car and gets into a serious accident. He loses his voice as a result of the accident.
- August, 1989 - A 16 year old woman says that she was raped after a concert in Birmingham, Alabama. In a later civil suit she claims she had a daughter as a result of being raped by N.W.A. member Lorenzo "MC Ren" Patterson on a tour bus after the concert.
- September, 1989 - FBI sends a letter to Ruthless Records and its parent company Priority Records, warning the group that the agency didn't take kindly to the single "Fuck Tha Police"
- December, 1989 - Ice Cube leaves N.W.A. after financial problems and several conflicts with their manager Jerry Heller and Eazy-E.
- August, 1990 - N.W.A. releases EP 100 Miles And Runnin', which eventually sells 500,000 copies.
- September 1990 - WaxWorks, a 110-store, Kentucky basedretail chain, pulls 100 Miles and Runnin' from its store shelves and refuses to sell it due to its explicit references to oral sex and gang violence.
- November, 1990 - Fox TV rap video show "Pump It Up" runs a segment on N.W.A in which it crosscut between members of the group badmouthing Ice Cube and a interview Ice Cube saying insulting things about them.
- January 27, 1991 - N.W.A.'s member Dr. Dre runs into "Pump It Up" host Dee Barnes at a record release party in Los Angeles and gets into a physical confrintation with her.
- February, 1991 - Barnes files criminal charges against Andre "Dr. Dre" Young for "assault and battery" and files a $22.7 million lawsuit against Dre and the members of N.W.A. The civil case is eventually settled outside of court.
- May 29, 1991 - N.W.A releases Efil4zaggin, which eventually sells more than one million copies.
- June 22, 1991 - Efil4zaggin becomes the first gangsta rap album to reach No. 1 on the Billboard charts.
- July, 1991 - Dr. Dre leaves N.W.A. after financial problems and several conflicts with their manager Heller.
- August, 1991 - N.W.A. breaks up.
- August, 1991 - Dr. Dre formes Death Row Records with former bodyguard Suge Knight.
- August, 1991 - Eazy-E files a state court complaint against Dr. Dre, Death Row Records executive Marion "Suge" Knight and rap artist The D.O.C. that alleges the defendants used "duress" and "menace" to get Eazy-E to void his exclusive contracts with Dre and The D.O.C. The case is still pending.
- September, 1991 - Eazy-E cancels his second solo album "Temperory Insanity" after refusing to pay Dr. Dre his part. (Dr. Dre was producer in this album.)
- September, 1991 - Eazy-E removes songs from this album which were produced by Dr. Dre and renames the album 5150: Home 4 Tha Sick.
- September, 1991 - All main members of N.W.A have solo careers.
- 1993 - Ice Cube reunites with Dr. Dre
- 1994 - Dr. Dre and Ice Cube put out Natural Born Killaz.
- 1995 - Eazy-E passes away due to complications with the A.I.D.S. virus.
- 1996 - MC Ren joins Dr. Dre and Ice Cube in Miami
- 1997 - They record a song called "This is the Final Cut" as a way to bring back their notoriety
- 1999 - Dr. Dre and the group reunite with Yella live on stage and begin touring with Eminem and Snoop Dogg
- 2000 - Reunion tracks, "Chin Check" and "Hello" are put on Next Friday's soundtrack
- April 15, 2005 - Yella turns down invitation to record album with N.W.A.
- June 4, 2005 - Group releases "M.V.P.", a 21 track mix tape that also reunites them with The D.O.C.
- December 12, 2006 - N.W.A. announces recording of a new album that they planned to release before they broke up in 1991, called "This 1'z 4 You"
- 2007 - The D.O.C. is said to officially join N.W.A. along with Ice Cube, Dr. Dre and MC Ren and will help promote their album released in 2007.
- 2007 - Dr Dre, Ice Cube and Lil' Eazy (son of Eazy E) record a track together for Lil Eazy's new album, dedicating it to his late father.
- September 2007 - Dr Dre to release Detox - no track confirmation, but possibility of another collaboration.
Discography
Album cover | Album information |
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N.W.A. and the Posse
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Straight Outta Compton
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100 Miles and Runnin'
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Efil4zaggin
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Greatest Hits
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The N.W.A. Legacy, Vol. 1: 1988-1999
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The N.W.A. Legacy, Vol. 2
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The Best of N.W.A. - The Strength of Street Knowledge |
- Released: April 4, 2007
- Singles: Oh! It's Like That
External links
- Official NWA Legacy site
- NWAWorld
- A collection of NWA Lyrics and Videos
- The N.W.A. Legacy: The Video Collection at IMDb
- A personal remembrance of Straight Outta Compton gnhghj
- "The Immortals: The First Fifty". Rolling Stone Issue 946. Rolling Stone.
- "[[Suge Knight]] disrespects Eazy-E".
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