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The concept of the Two-Nation Theory on which Pakistan was founded, was largely based on Muslim nationalism. The supporters of Islamisation assert that Pakistan was founded as a Muslim state and that in its status as an Islamic republic, it must thereby implement Islamic laws, known as Sharia and, that the context of Jinnah's speech was true implementation of Islam in which all religions would have equal rights and live as free citizens as supported by the Islamic jurisprudence itself as distinguished from a religious oligarchy.

History

Although Pakistan was founded as a separate state for Muslims in the Indian subcontinent in 1947, it remained a Dominion in the British Commonwealth and did not immediately become an Islamic state. Although the 1949 Objectives Resolution envisaged an official role for Islam as the state religion, the state retained most of the laws inherited from the secular British legal code that had been enforced by the British Raj since the 19th century.

Pakistan adopted a constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic with Islam as its state religion. In 1956, the state adopted the name of the "Islamic Republic of Pakistan", declaring Islam as the official religion, but did not take any further measures to adopt Islamic laws.

Jinnah said:

“You are free; you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed — that has nothing to do with the business of the state … We are starting with this fundamental principle: that we are all citizens and equal citizens of one state … Now, I think we should keep that in front of us as our ideal and you will find that in course of time Hindus would cease to be Hindus and Muslims would cease to be Muslims, not in the religious sense because that is the personal faith of each individual, but in the political sense as citizens of the state.”

Islamization

As a reaction to the bifurcation of Pakistan (due to the rise of secularist forces in East Pakistan) in 1971, Islamic political parties began to see an increase in popular support. In the 1970s, the populist and elected Prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto caved in to a major demand of the Islamic parties by declaring the Ahmadiyya Community to be non-Muslims. Under the constitution of 1973, Bhutto also banned alcohol, gambling and night clubs.

Bhutto was overthrown in 1977 by Chief of Army Staff General Zia-ul-Haq, who went considerably further with the formal campaign of Islamization of Pakistan (1977–1988). General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, the ruler of Pakistan from 1977 until his death in 1988, has been called "the person most responsible for turning Pakistan into a global center for political Islam."

See also

• Freedom of religion in Pakistan
• Religious discrimination in Pakistan
• Secularization
• Desecularization
• Postsecularism
• Secularity
• Secular state
• Secularism
• Separation of church and state
• Sociology of religion
• State religion

References

1. Ilyas, Shahid (21 June 2010). "Islam, secularism and Pakistan". Shahid Ilyas and the Daily Times. Shahid Ilyas in the Daily Times. Had Islam not been central to the creation of Pakistan, Zaid Hamid and Hamid Gul would not have been able to invoke it for garnering support for a Muslim caliphate and they would not have been the darlings of our middle and upper class educated youth, we would not have had the Objectives Resolution as a guiding principle of our constitutions, Ziaul Haq would never have been able to pass Islamist laws, our intelligence agencies and army would not have been suspected of links with the various jaishes and lashkars — not to speak of their well-documented grooming of the Taliban and we would not have had tens of thousands of religious seminaries. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
2. Inam Khawaja. "The basis of the demand for an independent Pakistan". Daily News. It would be unreasonable and illogical to give an interpretation in favour of secularism to his speech of 11, August 1947.
3. Nasir, Abbas (15 August 2017). "Opinion | How Pakistan Abandoned Jinnah's Ideals". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
4. Liaquat H. Merchant. "Time to idealise Jinnah's Pakistan". dawn.com.
5. Government of Pakistan, (GoPAK). "Second Amendment". Ministry of Law and Justice. The Electronic Government of Pakistan.
6. Michael Heng Siam-Heng, Ten Chin Liew (2010). State and Secularism: Perspectives from Asia§General Zia-ul-Haq and Patronage of Islamism. Singapore: World Scientific. p. 360. ISBN 9789814282383.
7. Ḥaqqānī, Husain (2005). Pakistan: between mosque and military. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-87003-214-1. Retrieved 23 May 2010. Zia ul-Haq is often identified as the person most responsible for turning Pakistan into a global center for political Islam. Undoubtedly, Zia went farthest in defining Pakistan as an Islamic state, and he nurtured the jihadist ideology ...

External links

• Secular Jinnah, Secular Jinnah and Pakistan -What the Nation Doesn't Know, Saleena Kareem
• The Express Tribune Pakistan, Was Jinnah Secular
• Telegraph, Pakistan Seeks of Jinnah Calling For Secular State
• The Search For Jinnahs Vision of Pakistan

• Secularism in Pakistan
• Political movements in Pakistan
• Religion in Pakistan
• Secularism by country