Misplaced Pages

LK-99

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Robert McClenon (talk | contribs) at 02:16, 26 July 2023 (Submitting (AFCH 0.9.1)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Revision as of 02:16, 26 July 2023 by Robert McClenon (talk | contribs) (Submitting (AFCH 0.9.1))(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
This article, LK-99, has recently been created via the Articles for creation process. Please check to see if the reviewer has accidentally left this template after accepting the draft and take appropriate action as necessary.
Reviewer tools: Inform author

LK-99 is a proposed ambient pressure and room-temperature superconductor with a gray‒black appearance. LK-99 has a hexagonal structure slightly modified from lead‒apatite and functions as a superconductor at 400 K (127 °C; 260 °F).

The chemical composition of LK-99 is approximately Pb9Cu1(PO4)6O such that—compared to pure lead-apatite (Pb10(PO4)6O)—approximately one quarter of Pb(2) ions are replaced by Cu(II) ions. This partial replacement of Pb ions (measuring 133 picometre) with Cu ions (measuring 87 picometre) causes a 0.48% reduction in volume, creating internal stress inside the material..

The internal stress causes a heterojunction quantum well between the Pb(1) and oxygen within the Phosphate () generating a superconducting quantum well (SQW). LK-99 exhibits a response to a magnetic field (Meissner effect) when chemical vapor deposition is used to apply LK-99 to non-magnetic copper sample. Pure lead-apatite is an insulator, but the copper-dopped lead-apatite forming LK-99 is a superconductor, or at higher temperatures, a metal.

The material was investigated by a team of Sukbae Lee et al from the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST).

Synthesis

Sukbae Lee et al synthesised the LK-99 material by production of Lanarkite by 50%/50% mixing of Lead(II) oxide (PbO) and Lead(II) sulfate (Pb(SO4)) powders then heating at 725 °C (1,000 K; 1,340 °F) for 24 hours in the presence of air:

Pb2(SO4)O = PbO + Pb(SO4)

Additionally, Copper(I) phosphide (Cu3P) was produced by mixing Copper (Cu) and Phosphorus (P) powders, in a sealed tube at a vacuum at 10 torr and heated to 550 °C (820 K; 1,000 °F) for 48 hours:

Cu3P = Cu + P

Lanarkite and Copper phosphide crystals were ground into a powder, mixed and placed in a sealed tube at a vacuum of 10 torr and heated to 925 °C (1,200 K; 1,700 °F) for between 5‒20 hours where (0.9<x<1.1):

Pb10-xCux(PO4)6O + S = Pb2(SO4)O + Cu3P

Name

The name LK-99 is from the initials of the two discovers Dr. Lee, and Dr. Kim, and the year of discovery (1999). A patent application was filed in 2021 and granted on 3 March 2023. A Korean trademark application for "LK-99" was filed on 4 April 2023 by the Quantum Energy Research Centre.

References

  1. ^ Lee, Sukbae; Kim, Ji-Hoon; Kwon, Young-Wan (2023-07-22). "The First Room-Temperature Ambient-Pressure Superconductor". arXiv:2307.12008.
  2. Lee, Sukbae; Kim, Ji-Hoon; Im, Sungyeon; An, Soomin; Kwon, Young-Wan; Ho, Auh Keun (2023-03-31). "Consideration for the development of room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor (LK-99)". Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology. 33 (2). Korea Association Of Crystal Growth: 61‒70. doi:10.6111/JKCGCT.2023.33.2.061.
  3. ^ Lee, Sukbae; Kim, Ji-Hoon; Kim, Hyun-Tak; Im, Sungyeon; An, SooMin; Auh, Keun Ho (2023-07-22). "Superconductor Pb10−xCux(PO4)6O showing levitation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and mechanism". arXiv:2307.12037.
  4. Kim, Ji-Hoon. "About". Retrieved 2023-07-26. working on superconducting materials again, and finally, succeeded in synthesizing a room temperature and atmospheric pressure superconductor (RTAP-SC) … named LK99 (first discovered as a trace by Dr. Lee and Dr. Kim in 1999).
  5. KR published 2023027536A1, 이석배; 김지훈 & 권영완, "Ceramic composite with superconductivities over room temperature at atmospheric condition and method of manufacturing the ceramic composite", published 2023-03-02 
  6. LK-99. Korea Intellectual Property Rights Information Service (Report). Korean Intellectual Property Office. 2023-04-04. LK-99; … Applicant: Quantum Energy Research Centre (Q-centre); … Status: Awaiting Examination

External links

Stub icon

This electricity-related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Stub icon

This material-related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Categories: