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|---|---|
| عبد الله الفاضل المهدي | |
 | |
| Member of the Sovereignty Council | |
| In office 10 June 1965 – 18 May 1966 | |
| President | Ismail al-Azhari |
| Prime Minister | Muhammad Ahmad Mahgoub |
| Preceded by | Sovereignty Council (1964–1965) |
| Succeeded by | Gaafar Nimeiry |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1890 Omdurman, Mahdist State |
| Died | 18 May 1966(1966-05-18) (aged 75–76) |
| Political party | National Umma Party |
| Spouse(s) | Umm Al-Kiram Sharif (1914) Munira Al-Qabbani (1936) |
Abdallah al-Fadil al-Mahdi (Template:Lang-ar; 1890–18 May 1966)
Early life and education
Abdallah was born in 1890 in Omdurman, Mahdist State. His mother was Zainab Muhammad Ibrahim Fung, a descendant of the Funj sultanas. Her grandfather, Ibrahim Fung, was one of the Funj princes who lived in Al-Qatina. Her mother was Fatima bint Abdul Rahman, the granddaughter of Mek Ajeeb Al-Manglik. His mother immigrated, carrying her three children with Caliph Abdullah, after the Shakaba incident and the martyrdom of Al-Fadil, Al-Bushri, and Caliph Muhammad Sharif. She migrated to the Al-Duwaym area, and then her son Muhammad and her daughter died due to an illness that afflicted them. She and her son Abdallah settled in Al-Qatina and married Mrs. Zainab Al-Nadir Habani and gave birth to him, Yusef, Ibrahim, Bushri, and Qamar.
Abdallah completed the stages of khalwa and primary school under the care of his maternal uncle, Sirr Al-Khatim, after which Imam Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi came and took him with him to Omdurman. As part of the Anglo-Egyptian government's efforts to encourage enrollment of Mahdist boys in schools in Omdurman and Wad Medani, as well as the Gordon Memorial College, they typically received admission free of charge and were provided with school uniforms. However, in 1914, while Abdallah was still in the third grade at the primary school within the Gordon College, the Director of Education recommended his transfer. His recommendation, stated, "I think it is in the boy's interest that he should turn his attention to agriculture and cultivation of his lands in the Gezira Aba. His character is very good but he is not clever. I propose therefore to send him to Tokar to undergo a course of agricultural instruction." Abdallah completed his secondary education in Tokar.
Political career
Abdallah grew interested in agriculture and had Egyptian and foreign advisors, especially from Italy, to develop agriculture in Sudan. He was one of the Imam Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi senior assistant, and member of the National Umma Party executive committee.
He was a member if the Sudan's Legislative Assembly.
He is one of the founders of the Graduates' General Congress.
He built bridges of communication with the political movement, Sufi orders, and clerics. He had a hand in establishing religious schools and institutes.
He played an important role in resisting Ibrahim Abboud's rule, which sparked the famous events of the Mawlid, and in stopping the bloodshed that almost exploded the situation in the homeland. Lieutenant General Abboud understood the issue and released Imam Al-Siddiq al-Mahdi.
He refused to assume the Imamate of the Ansar despite his entitlement to it, and he worked to reunite the Ansar entity, and he was the safety valve for the party and the entity, and after his death the entity was ravaged by disputes and military coups continued.
He was far-sighted in warning of what Salah Salem was planning, which led to the events of March 1954, with coordination with Gamal Abdel Nasser to orchestrate the killing of Muhammad Najib, and accusing the Ansar of assassinating him.
He was the mouthpiece of Imam Abd al-Rahman due to his complete confidence in his abilities to manage the dialogues that would guarantee the homeland its freedom and independence.
He worked to develop agricultural work by importing agricultural laboratories from abroad,.
He is credited with establishing a mosque in the Republican Palace during his membership in the Sovereignty Council, and Ismail al-Azhari and the rest of the council members agreed to his request.
He opened horizons for discoveries and exploration for buried mineral resources by establishing a mining company with the aim of exploiting them.
Create a positive element in the interest of the national economy by bringing in private foreign capital and using it to finance and develop national projects.
On the social side, the Imam helped preserve what was left of the Mahdi family and worked to gather the Ansar entity.
He founded the first Sudanese company to dispatch pilgrims to the Mecca in 1962.
He contributed with his uncle, Imam Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi, to the establishment and construction of the Mahdi Circle, Babi Halima, in the east of the Nile, on the Kadro side. After that, he extended the expansion of projects to include Qandal, Aba, Jamalab, Shawwal, and others.
Sudanese independence
Abdallah is considered the architect of the Gentleman's Agreement in which Egypt decided to remain neutral and which it later reneged on. His good relationship with Egypt played an important role in Sudan's attainment of its full rights, especially since there was unlimited trust between him and Major General Muhammad Naguib.
On 30 October 1952, an agreement was reached between the Egyptian Government and Abdallah al-Fadil al-Mahdi of the Sudanese Independence Front. This agreement gave the green light for Sudan to achieve self-government by the end of 1952, followed by the exercise of the right to self-determination within the subsequent three years.
The agreement called for the establishment of a committee consisting of a representative from Egypt, one from Britain, two Sudanese members, and a fifth member from a neutral nation, possibly India or Pakistan. This committee's primary purpose was to provide guidance and advice to the Governor-General in the discharge of his duties. It also expanded the reach of direct elections by including 35 additional constituencies, fostering a more representative political process. In addition, the agreement envisioned the establishment of an international commission tasked with overseeing the electoral processes within Sudan, ensuring fairness and impartiality. Lastly, it laid the groundwork for a "Sudanization Committee" with the specific aim of expediting the replacement of foreign personnel with Sudanese individuals across various sectors, including administration, the police force, and other public appointments.
Sovereignty Council
He was member of the Sudanese Sovereignty Council from 10 June 1965 until his death on 18 May 1966. The council came after general parliamentary elections in 1965, the third in the history of Sudan, as it replaced another Sovereignty Council, which was managing the country’s affairs for a transitional period after the overthrow of the rule of Lieutenant General Ibrahim Abboud. This Sovereignty Council consisted of five members, and its members were amended twice. The Chairman of the Sovereignty Council was Ismail al-Azhari. During Abdallahtenure, he joined the first line-up which came to power from 10 June 1965 until 8 July 1965, and it was composed of:
- Ismail al-Azhari (Democratic Unionist Party)
- Khader Hamad (Democratic Unionist Party)
- Abdullah al-Fadil al-Mahdi (National Umma Party)
- Abdel Halim Mohamed (National Umma Party)
- Luigi Adwok Bong Gicomeho (Southern Front) who resigned in 14 June 1965
The members were succeed by
The second line-up came to power on 18 July 1965 until 1967 after an amendment to its members which came. The council became composed of:
- Ismail al-Azhari (Democratic Unionist Party)
- Khader Hamad (Democratic Unionist Party)
- Daoud Al-Khalifa Abdullah
- Philemon Majok (Democratic Unionist Party) from 5 July 1965
- Abdul Rahman Abdoun
Personal life and death
Abdallah married Umm Al-Kiram Sharif in 1914, and together they had 8 childern. In 1936, he married Munira Al-Qabbani, and together they had 6 childern including Mubarak who is an economist and prominent Sudanese politician. Abdallah was keen on educating his sons and daughters in schools and universities inside and outside Sudan.
He died on 18 May 1966.
References
- "مبارك الفاضل يطالب بإطلاق اسم عبد الله الفاضل المهدي على شارع هذا الشارع (...) - عزة برس" (in Arabic). 2021-12-18. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- السيد عبدالله الفاضل المهدي الرمز والاثر, retrieved 2023-09-11
- ^ Al-Mahdi, Bakhita Al-Hadi (2021-05-19). "في الذكرى 48 لوفاة السيد عبد الله الفاضل المهدي بخيتة الهادي المهدي" [On the 48th anniversary of the death of Mr. Abdullah Al-Fadil Al-Mahdi]. Al-Ttahrer. Retrieved 2023-09-10.
- Ibrahim, Hassan Ahmed (2004-01-01). Sayyid ʻAbd Al-Raḥmān Al-Mahdī: A Study of Neo-Mahdīsm in the Sudan, 1899-1956. BRILL. p. 19. ISBN 978-90-04-13854-4.
- Sudan Notes and Records. 1974.
- "Developments of the Quarter: Comment and Chronology". Middle East Journal. 7 (4): 504–519. 1953. ISSN 0026-3141.
- ^ "Developments of the Quarter: Comment and Chronology". Middle East Journal. 7 (1): 58–68. 1953. ISSN 0026-3141.
- ^ "Heads of State". Zarate. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
- "Daftar Presiden Sudan | UNKRIS | Pusat Ilmu Pengetahuan". p2k.unkris.ac.id. Retrieved 2022-12-12.
- "Obituary: Abdel Halim Mohammed Abdel Halim" (PDF). Brit.med.J. 2009.
- Mideast Mirror. 1965-07.
{{cite book}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - "Third sovereignty Council 1965-1967".