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Carl Hewitt

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Carl Hewitt
File:Carl Hewitt (FLoC 2006).jpgCarl Hewitt at FLoC 2006
Nationality American
Alma materMIT
Known forPlanner
Actor model
Open Systems
Scientific Community Metaphor
Organizational Computing
AwardsIBM Japan Chair at Keio
Scientific career
FieldsEducation
Mathematics
Computer Science
Logic
Philosophy and Sociology of Science
InstitutionsMIT (Emeritus)
Doctoral advisorSeymour Papert
Doctoral studentsGul Agha
Russ Athkinson
Henry Baker
Gerry Barber
Peter Bishop
Will Clinger
Peter de Jong
Irene Greif
Kenneth Kahn
Bill Kornfeld
Aki Yonezawa

Carl E. Hewitt is an Associate Professor (Emeritus) in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Hewitt obtained his PhD in mathematics at MIT in 1971, under the supervision of Seymour Papert, Marvin Minsky, and Mike Paterson. He is known for his design of Planner,, which was the first Artificial Intelligence programming language based on procedural plans that were invoked using pattern-directed invocation from assertions and goals, and his work on the Actor model of computation.

Hewitt's work on Planner introduced the notion of the "procedural embedding of knowledge",, which was an alternative to the logical approach to knowledge encoding for artificial intelligence pioneered by John McCarthy. A subset of Planner called Micro Planner was implemented by Gerry Sussman, Eugene Charniak and Terry Winograd. It was used in Winograd's famous SHRDLU program, and Eugene Charniak's natural language story understanding work.

Hewitt's work on the Actor model built on Lisp, Simula, capability-based systems, packet switching and early versions of Smalltalk, and was influential in the development of the Scheme programming language

Using program schemas in collaboration with Mike Paterson, Hewitt proved that recursion is more powerful than iteration and that parallelism is more powerful than recursion. In collaboration with Henry Baker, he published physical laws for computation which they then used to derive the continuity criterion for computable functions of Dana Scott. Using participatory semantics, he proved that coroutines are more powerful than recursion and that Concurrency is more powerful than parallel coroutines.

Together with Bill Kornfeld, he developed the Scientific Community Metaphor. He has also made contributions in the areas of garbage collection, programming language design and implementation, open systems, Organizational Computing, paraconsistent logic, and denotational semantics of concurrency with his students and colleagues.

Subsequently Hewitt has worked to integrate sociology, anthropology, organization science, the philosophy of science, and services science into information science.

He has an interest in massive concurrency.

References

  1. Kay, Alan (March 1993). "The Early History of Smalltalk" (PDF). ACM SIGPLAN. 28 (3): 69–75. ...Carl Hewitt's PLANNER, a programmable logic system that formed the deductive basis of Winograd's SHRDLU...
  2. Carl Hewitt. PLANNER: A Language for Proving Theorems in Robots IJCAI. 1969.
  3. Filman, Robert (1984). "Actors". Coordinated Computing - Tools and Techniques for Distributed Software. McGraw-Hill. pp. pp. 145. ISBN 0-07-022439-0. Carl Hewitt and his colleagues at M.I.T. are developing the Actor model. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); line feed character in |title= at position 25 (help)
  4. Carl Hewitt. Procedural Embedding of Knowledge In Planner IJCAI. 1971.
  5. Gerry Sussman and Terry Winograd. Micro-planner Reference Manual AI Memo No, 203, MIT Project MAC, July 1970.
  6. Terry Winograd. Procedures as a Representation for Data in a Computer Program for Understanding Natural Language MIT AI TR-235. January 1971.
  7. Carl Hewitt, Peter Bishop and Richard Steiger. A Universal Modular Actor Formalism for Artificial Intelligence IJCAI. 1973.
  8. Krishnamurthi, Shriram (December 1994). "An Introduction to Scheme". Crossroads. 1 (2).
  9. Mike Paterson and Carl Hewitt. Comparative Schematology MIT AI Memo 201. August 1970.
  10. Carl Hewitt and Henry Baker Laws for Communicating Parallel Processes IFIP-77, August 1977
  11. Carl Hewitt and Henry Baker Actors and Continuous Functionals Proceeding of IFIP Working Conference on Formal Description of Programming Concepts. August 1–5, 1977
  12. William Kornfeld and Carl Hewitt. The Scientific Community Metaphor MIT AI Memo 641. January, 1981.
  13. Henry Lieberman and Carl Hewitt. A real Time Garbage Collector Based on the Lifetimes of Objects CACM. June, 1983.
  14. Carl Hewitt. The Challenge of Open Systems Byte Magazine. April 1985. Reprinted in The foundation of artificial intelligence---a sourcebook Cambridge University Press. 1990.
  15. Carl Hewitt (2006a). The repeated demise of logic programming and why it will be reincarnated What Went Wrong and Why: Lessons from AI Research and Applications. Technical Report SS-06-08. AAAI Press. March 2006.
  16. ^ Carl Hewitt What is Commitment? Physical, Organizational, and Social COIN@AAMAS. April 27, 2006.

External links

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