This is an old revision of this page, as edited by SouthernComfort (talk | contribs) at 21:19, 21 May 2005 (→[] Dynasty: Added link). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Revision as of 21:19, 21 May 2005 by SouthernComfort (talk | contribs) (→[] Dynasty: Added link)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

The following is a comprehensive list of all Persian empires and their rulers:

Elamite Empire, 2700 BCE-660 BCE

The Elamites were a people located in Susa, in what is now Khuzestan province. Their language was neither Semitic nor Aryan, and they were the geographic precursors of the Persian/Median empire that later appeared. Some have offered evidence for a linguistic kinship between Elamite and the modern Dravidian languages of Southern India, but this is not universally accepted. The proto-Elamites lived even as far back as 5500 BCE in Iran. See remains here.

Avan Dynasty (precise dates unknown)

Peli (fl. c. 2500 BCE)
Tata (precise dates unknown)
Ukku-Takhesh (precise dates unknown)
Khishur (precise dates unknown)
Shushun-Tarana (precise dates unknown)
Napil-Khush (precise dates unknown)
Kikku-Sive-Temti (precise dates unknown)
Lukh-Ishshan (fl. c. 24th century BCE)
Khelu (fl. c. 2300 BCE)
Khita (fl. c. 2275 BCE)
Kutik-Inshushinnak (fl. c. 2240 BCE)

Simash Dynasty (precise dates unknown)

Gir-Namme (fl. c. 2030 BCE)
Enpi-Luhhan (fl. c. 2010 BCE)
Khutran-Temtt (precise dates unknown)
Kindattu (precise dates unknown)
Indattu-Inshushinnak I (precise dates unknown)
Tan-Rukhurater (precise dates unknown)
Indattu-Inshushinnak II (precise dates unknown)
Indattu-Napir (precise dates unknown)
Indattu-Tempt (precise dates unknown)

Eparti Dynasty (precise dates unknown)

Eparti I (precise dates unknown)
Eparti II (precise dates unknown)
Eparti III (fl. c. 1850 BCE)
Shilkhakha (precise dates unknown)
Attakhushu (fl. c. 1830 BCE)
Sirukdukh (fl. c. 1792 BCE)
Shimut-Wartash (c. 1772 - c. 1770 BCE)

Igehalkid Dynasty (c. 1350 - c. 1200 BCE)

Ige-Halki (c. 1350 - c. 1330 BCE)
Pakhir-Ishshan (c. 1330 - c. 1310 BCE)
Attar-Kittakh (c. 1310 - c. 1300 BCE)
Khuman-Numena (c. 1300 - c. 1275 BCE)
Untash-Naprisha (c. 1275 - c. 1240 BCE)
Unpatar-Naprisha (c. 1240 - c. 1235 BCE)
Kiddin-Khutran (c. 1235 - c. 1210 BCE)

Shutrukid Dynasty (c. 1205 - c. 1100 BCE)

Khallutush-In-Shushinak (c. 1205 - c. 1185 BCE)
Shutruk-Nahhunte (c. 1185 - c. 1155 BCE)
Kutir-Nahhunte III (c. 1155 - c. 1150 BCE)
Shilkhak-In-Shushinak (c. 1150 - c. 1120 BCE)
Khutelutush-In-Shushinak (c. 1120 - c. 1110 BCE)
Shilhana-Hamru-Lagamar (c. 1110 - ???? BCE)

Late Elam Dynasty (743 - 644 BCE)

Khumbanigash I (743 - 717 BCE)
Shuttir-Nakhkhunte (717 - 699 BCE)
Khallushu (699 - 693 BCE)
Kutir-Nakhkhunte (693 - 692 BCE)
Khumma-Menanu (692 - 689 BCE)
Khumma-Khaldash I (689 - 681 BCE)
Khumma-Khaldash II (681 - 680 BCE)
Khumma-Khaldash II & Shilhak-In-Shushinak (680 - 676 BCE)
Shilhak-In-Shushinak & Urtaku (676 - 664 BCE)
Shilhak-In-Shushinak & Tempti-Khumma-In-Shushinak (664 - 653 BCE)
Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak & Khumbanigash II (653 - 651 BCE)
Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak & Tammaritu (651 - 649 BCE)
Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak & Indabigash (649 - 648 BCE)
Indabigash (648 - 647 BCE)
Khumma-Khaldash III (647 - 644 BCE)

Jiroft (Aratta?) Kingdom, (~2500 BCE)

The recent archeological findings at Jiroft have uncovered an "independent, bronze age, civilization with its own architecture and language" that have led some archeologists to speculate it to be the remains of the lost Aratta Kingdom. 1

Median Dynasty

Deioces 728-675 BCE
Phraortes 675-653 BCE
Madius the Scythian 653-625 BCE
Cyaxares 625-585 BCE
Astyages 585-550 BCE

The Medes were an Iranian people. The Persians, a closely related and subject people, revolted against the Median empire during the 6th century BCE.

Achaemenid dynasty

Achaemenes, founder of the dynasty.
Teispes of Anshan, his son.
Cyrus I of Anshan, his son.
Ariaramnes of Persia, son of Teispes and co-ruler of Cyrus I.
Cambyses I of Anshan, son of Cyrus I.
Arsames of Persia, son of Ariaramnes and co-ruler of Cambyses I
Cyrus II the Great, son of Cambyses I, ruled from c.550 - 530 BCE.
Cambyses II, his son, ruled 530 - 521 BCE.
Smerdis, his alleged brother, ruled 521 BCE
Darius the Great, his brother-in-law and grandson of Arsames, ruled 521 - 486 BCE.
Xerxes I, his son, ruled 486 -465 BCE
Artaxerxes I, his son, ruled 464 - 424 BCE.
Xerxes II, his son, ruled 424 - 423 BCE.
Sogdianus, his half-brother and rival, ruled 424 - 423 BCE.
Darius II, his half-brother and rival, ruled 424 - 404 BCE.
Artaxerxes II, his son, ruled 404 - 358 BCE (see also Xenophon).
Artaxerxes III,his son, ruled 358 - 338 BCE
Arses, his son, ruled 338 - 336 BCE
Darius III Codomannus, great-grandson of Darius II, ruled 336 -330 BCE

The epigraphic evidence for the rulers before Cyrus the Great is highly suspect, and often considered to have been invented by Darius I.

Argead Dynasty

Seleucid dynasty

Seleucus I Nicator (312 BCE/305 BCE-281 BCE)
Antiochus I Soter (co-ruler from 291, ruled 281-261 BCE)
Antiochus II Theos (261-246 BCE)
Seleucus II Callinicus (246-225 BCE)
Seleucus III Ceraunus (225-223 BCE)
Antiochus III the Great (223-187 BCE)
Seleucus IV Philopator (187-175 BCE)
Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175-164 BCE)

(The Seleucid Dynasty gradually lost control of Persia. In 253 BCE, the Arsacid Dynasty established itself in Parthia. The Parthians gradually expanded their control, until by the mid 2nd Century BCE, the Seleucids had completely lost control of Persia. There were more Seleucid rulers of Syria and, for a time, Babylonia, after Antiochus IV, but none had any effective power in Persia).

Parthian dynasty

Template:Arsacid dynasty

Sassanid dynasty, 224-651

Ardashir I from 224 to 241.
Shapur I from 241 to 272
Hormizd I from 272 to 273.
Bahram I from 273 to 276.
Bahram II from 276 to 293.
Bahram III year 293.
Narseh from 293 to 302.
Hormizd II from 302 to 310.
Shapur II from 310 to 379
Ardashir II from 379 to 383.
Shapur III from 383 to 388.
Bahram IV from 388 to 399.
Yazdegerd I from 399 to 420.
Bahram V from 420 to 438.
Yazdegerd II from 438 to 457.
Hormizd III from 457 to 459.
Peroz I from 457 to 484.
Balash from 484 to 488.
Kavadh I from 488 to 531.
- Djamasp from 496 to 498.
Khosrau I from 531 to 579.
Hormizd IV from 579 to 590.
Khosrau II from 590 to 628.
- Bahram VI from 590 to 591.
- Bistam from 591 to 592.
- Hormizd V year 593.
Kavadh II year 628.
Ardashir III from 628 to 630.
- Peroz II year 629.
Shahrbaraz year 630.
Boran and others from 630 to 631.
Hormizd VI (or V) from 631 to 632.
Yazdegerd III from 632 to 651.

After Islam

part of Umayyad Caliphate, 661-750

part of Abbasid Caliphate, 750-867

divided, 867-1029

Taherids, 821-872

Taher ebne Hosein ebne Mos'ab 821-822
Talhat ebne Taher 822-828
Abdollah ebne Taher 828-844
Taher ebne Abdollah 844-862
Mohammad ebne Taher 862-872

Alavids, 864-928

Hasan ebne Zeid Hasani 864-884
Mohammad ebne Zeid 884-900
Hasan ebne Ali Hoseini 913-916
Hasan ebne Ghasem Hasani 916-928

Ziyarids, 928-1043

Abolhojaj Mardavij ebne Ziyar 928-934
Abu Taher Voshmgeer ebne Ziyar 934-967
Zahir-ol-doleh Behsotoon 967-976
Shams ol Mo'ali Abol-hasan Ghaboos 976-1012
Falak ol Mo'ali Manuchehr ebne Ghabus 1012-1031
Anushiravan ebne Manuchehr 1031-1043

Āl-i Buyeh, 932-1056

Diylamids of Fars

Emad o-dowleh Abol Hasan 932-939
Azad o-dowleh 939-982
Sharaf o-dowleh 982-989
Samsam o-dowleh 989-998
Baha o-dowleh 998-1012
Soltan o-dowleh 1012-1024
Emad o-dowleh Abu Kalijar 1024-1048
Malek Rahim Abu Nasr Khosrow Firuz 1048-1055

Diylamids of Khuzestan and Kerman

Mo'ez o-dowleh 932-966
Azad o-dowleh Bakhtiar 966-977
Azado o-dowleh Abu Shoja' 977-982
Baha o-dowleh 989-1012
Soltan o-dowleh 1012-1021
Abu Kalijar Marzban 1043-1048
Ghavam o-dowleh 1012-1028
Abu Mansur Fulad sotoon 1048-1056

Diylamids of Rey, Isfahan, and Hamedan

Rokn o-dowleh 932-976
Mo'ayyed o-dowleh 976-983
Fakhr o-dowleh 976-997
Majd o-dowleh 997-1029
Shams o-dowleh 997-1021
Sama o-dowleh 1021-1023

Saffarids, 861-1002

Abu Yusef Yaqub ebne Lais 861-878
Amr o ebne Lais 878-900
Abol Hasan Taher ebne Mohammad ebne Amro ebne Lais 900-908
Lais ebne Ali ebne Lais 908-910
Abu Ali Mohammad ebne Ali ebne Lais 910-910
Abu Jafar Ahmad ebne Mohammad ebne Khalf 923-963
Abu Ahmad Khalf ebne Ahmad 963-1002

Samanids, 892-998

Amir Adel; Amir Mazi Abyu Ebrahim Esmail ebne Ahmad 892-907
Amir Shaheed; Abu Nasr Ahmad ebne Esmail 907-913
Amir Saeed; Abol Hasan Nasr ebne Ahmad 913-942
Amir Hamid; Abu Mohammad Nuh ebne Nasr 942-954
Amir Rashid; Abul Foares Abdolmaleh ebne Nuh 954-961
Amir Mo'ayyed; Amir Sadeed Abu Saleh Mansur ebne Nuh 961-976
Amir Radhi; Shahanshah Abolqasem Nuh ebne Mansur 976-996
Amir Abol Hareth; Mansur ebne Nuh 996-998
Amir Abol Foares; AbdolMalek ebne Nuh 998-998

Ghaznavids, 997-1186

Yameen o-dowleh AbolQasem Mahmud ebne Saboktekeen 997-1030
Jalal o-dowleh Abu Ahmad Mohammad ebne Mahmud 1030-1030
Shahab o-dowleh Abu Sa'd Masud ebne Mahmud 1030-1040
Shahab o-dowleh Abolfath Modud ebne Masud 1040-1049
Baha o-dowleh Abol Hasan Ali ebne Masud 1049-1049
Azad o-dowleh Abu Mansur Abdol Rashid ebne Mahmud ebne Saboktekeen 1049-1052
Jamal o-dowleh Abolfazl Farrokhzaad ebne Masud ebne Mahmud 1052-1059
Zaheer o-dowleh Abol Mozaffar Ebrahim 1059-1098
Ala o-dowleh Abu Saeed Masud ebne Ebrahim 1098-1115
Soltan o-dowleh Abol-fath Arsalan Shah 1115-1117
Yameen o-dowleh Abol Mozaffar Baharm Shah ebne Masud 1117-1153
Taj o-dowleh Abol Shoja Khosro Shah ebne Bahram Shah 1153-1160
Saraj o-dowleh Abolmolook Khosrow Malek ebne Khosro Shah 1160-1186

Seljuk Turkic Sultans, 1029-1194

Toğrül bin Mikail (Tughril Beg) 1037-1063
Alp Arslan bin Chaghri 1063-1072
Jalal ad-Dawlah Malik Shah I 1072-1092
Nasir ad-Din Mahmud I 1092-1094
Rukn ad-Din Barkiyaruq 1094-1105
Mu'izz ad-Din Malik Shah II 1105
Ghiyath ad-Din Mehmed I Tapar (Muhammad) 1105-1118
Mu'izz ad-Din Ahmed Sanjar 1097-1157
Mahmud II 1118-1131
Dawud (David) 1131-1132
Toğrül II (Tughril Beg) 1132-1134
Mas'ud 1134-1152
Malik Shah III 1152-1153
Mehmed II (Muhammad II) 1153-1160
Süleyman Shah (Sulaiman Shah) 1160-1161
Arslan Shah 1161-1176
Toğrül III (Tughril Beg III) 1176-1194

divided, 1194-1256

Khwarazmids, 1096-1230

Ghotbedeen Mohammad ebne Anushtekeen Gharajeh 1096-1128
Alaodeen Abol Mozaffar ebne Ghotbedeen ebne Mohammad 1128-1156
Tajedeen Abolfath Il Arsalan 1156-1171
Jalaledeen Mahmud Soltanshah ebne Il Arsalan 1171-1172
Aladdin Takesh ebne Il Arsalan 1172-1199
Soltan Jalaledeen Mohammad ebne Aladdin Takesh1199-1220
Jalaledeen ebne Aladdin Mohammad 1220-1230

Ilkhanate, 1256-1343

HülëgüKhan ebne Tulay ebne Genghis 1256-1265
AbaqaKhan ebne Hulegu 1265-1281
Sultan Ahmad Tekuder ebne Hulegu 1281-1284
ArghunKhan ebne Abaqa 1284-1291
Gaikhatu ebne Abaqa1291-1295
Baidukhan ebne Toghay ebne Hulegu 1295
Ghazankhan ebne Arghun 1295-1304
Öljeitü Khoda bandeh ebne Arghun 1304-1316
Abu Sa'id Bahadorkhan ebne Oljeitu 1316-1335 (last of Chinggisid il-khans)
Arpa Ke'un 1335-1336
Musa khan ebne Ali1336-1353
Muhammad Khan ebne Mangu1337-1338
Sati beg, dauther of Oljeitu 1338-1340
Shah Jahan Teimoor ebne Alafarang 1338-1339
Soleiman Khan 1340-1344
Togha Teimoor Khan 1335-1352
Anushiravan e Adel 1343-1355

divided, 1343-1380

Muzaffarid Dynasty 1314-1393

Mubariz ad-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar (1314-1358)
Abu'l Fawaris Djamal ad-Din Shah Shuja (Yazd, then Shiraz 1353) (1335-1364, 1366-1384) with...
Qutb Al-Din Shah Mahmud (at Isfahan) (1358-1366) d. 1375
Mujahid ad-Din Zain Al-Abidin 'Ali (1384-1387)

To the Timurid Empire...
- 'Imad ad-Din Sultan Ahmad (at Kerman)........1387-1391 with...
- Mubariz ad-Din Shah Yahya (at Shiraz)........1387-1391 and...
- Sultan Abu Ishaq (in Sirajan)................1387-1391
- Shah Mansur (at Isfahan).....................1391-1393