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Antin Andriyovych Holovaty (Template:Lang-ua; Template:Lang-ru, Anton Andreevich Golovaty; 1744 – January 28 [O.S. February 19] 1797) was the founder of the Black Sea Cossack Host which later would become the Kuban Cossack Host. He was raised and educated at the Kiev-Mohyla Academy, leaving in 1756.

After the dissolution of the Zaporozhian Host, a threat arose from the Ottoman Empire, and was strengthened by the exiled Zaporozhian Cossacks who formed the Danubian Sich. He served as chancellor of the Zaporozhian Host and colonel of the Boh Cossack Army.

In 1787 he helped organize the army of Loyal Cossacks, which was renamed Black Sea Cossacks. His assistance to the Russian Army in the Russian-Turkish War of 1787-91, particularly in capture of Berezan fortress, gaining the tsar's favour. At this time Holovaty received the rank of Captain in the Russian Cavalry. The Russian authorities, under the initiative of Grigory Potemkin, chose to regenerate the Cossacks, calling it the Host of the loyal Zaporozhians in 1787. and Holovaty was placed as its Otaman (Commander).

The new host played a crucial role in the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792), and for that the Russian Empress rewarded them with the Kuban territory in the North Caucasus, an uninhabited steppe region that was gained by the Russian Empire in 1784, which was nonetheless crucial as a foothold for the Russian expansion into the Caucasus. Renamed the Black Sea Cossack Host in 1788, a total of 25,000 men made the migration in 1792-93, settling on the regions north of the Kuban River.

Holovaty was the new head of the Host, he set his priorities in forming the new defense line against Circassian raids. (see Caucasus War). During the Persian campaign of 1796-97 he commanded two corps of Black Sea Cossacks within the Russian Imperial Army.

Cultural figure

Holovaty was a renowned poet in his day. To his pen are dedicated a number of poems some of which became songs in the Ukrainian language. It is known that Taras Shevchenko noted some down and included them in his kobzar. Shevchenko originally mentioned Holovaty in a number of his poems, however reflecting on Holovaty's later actions removed his name. He also drew a portrait of him.

Because of his noble education he was also well versed in music and was an accomplished bandura player.

Notes

1. V.Golubtsky Black Sea Cossack Host for the Large Soviet Encyclopedia Retrieved on 22nd April 2007.

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