Khazaria - Misplaced Pages

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 This article is part of the

History of Russia series.

Early Russian East Slavs

Kievan Rus'

Khazaria

Muscovy

Mongol invasion of Russia

Imperial Russia and Russian Tsars

Russian Revolution

 Russian Civil War

Soviet Union

Warsaw Pact

Collapse of the Soviet Union

Commonwealth of Independent States

History of post-communist Russia

List of famous Russians

Khazaria also known as Khazar khaganate was the country of the Khazars, neighboring the Byzantine Empire in the southwest, Kievan Rus' in the northwest, and Azerbaijan in the southeast. This Turkic people adopted Judaism in the 8th or 9th century.

As an independent state, Khazaria existed between about 652 and 1016. Its supreme ruler was known by the title "khagan". Its last khagan was named George Tsul. Much of Khazaria was covered by steppe land. Khazaria bordered the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The Volga River passed through eastern Khazaria.

Major cities of Khazaria included:

Along the Caspian coast and Volga delta --

In the Caucasus --

Maghas (Alan capital)

Sukhumi (Abkhazian capital)