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Pharaoh was the title of the ruler (of godly status) in ancient Egypt. See History of Egypt. See also monarch. From the words pr-o meaning Great House.
Please note that this list is not complete.
Note as well; the dates given must be regarded in most instances as approximate. Dating systems for Egyptian studies are quite various, depending on how they are constructed and what assumptions are used. What is presented below is one such interpretation, but it isn't assuredly not the only one.