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Revision as of 16:52, 4 September 2002 by 216.196.24.88 (talk)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)Pharaoh was the title of the ruler (of godly status) in ancient Egypt. See History of Egypt. See also monarch. From the words pr-o meaning Great House.
Please note that this list is not complete.
Note as well; the dates given must be regarded in most instances as approximate. Dating systems for Egyptian studies are quite various, depending on how they are constructed and what assumptions are used. What is presented below is one such interpretation, but it is assuredly not the only one.
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Hor-Aha | Menes in earlier lists | c. 3050 BCE |
| Djer | - | 57 years |
| Merneith | Regent for Djet | - |
| Djet | - | - |
| Den | - | 14 to 20 years |
| Anedjib | - | 26 years |
| Semerkhet | - | 9 to 18 years |
| Qa'a | - | 2916 ?-2890 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Hotepsekhemwy | - | 2890- ? |
| Raneb | - | 39 years |
| Nynetjer | - | 47 years |
| Seth-Peribsen | - | 17 years |
| Khasekhemy | - | ? -2686 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Sanakhte | - | 2686-2668 |
| Djoser | Commissioned the Step Pyramid designed by Imhotep | 2668-2649 |
| Sekhemkhet | - | 2649-2643 |
| Khaba | - | 2643-2637 |
| Huni | - | 2637-2613 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Sneferu | Built two pyramids, incl. the "bent pyramid" | 2613-2589 |
| Khufu (Cheops) | Commissioned one of the Great Pyramids at Giza | 2589-2566 |
| Djedefre | - | 2566-2558 |
| Khafre (Chephren)]] | - | 2558-2532 |
| Menkaure (Mycerinus)]] | - | 2532-2504 |
| Shepseskaf | - | 2504-2500 |
| Dedefptah | - | 2500-2498 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Userkaf | - | 2498-2491 |
| Sahure | - | 2487-2477 |
| Neferirkare Kakai | - | 2477-2467 |
| Shepseskare Isi | - | 2467-2460 |
| Neferefre | - | 2460-2453 |
| Nyuserre Ini | - | 2453-2422 |
| Menkauhor Kaiu | - | 2422-2414 |
| Djedkare Isesi | - | 2414-2375 |
| Unas | - | 2375-2345 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Teti | - | 2345-2333 |
| Userkare | - | 2333-2332 |
| Pepi I Meryre | - | 2332-2283 |
| Merenre Nemtyemsaf | - | 2283-2278 |
| Pepi II Neferkare | - | 2278-2184 |
| Merenre Antyemsaf II | - | 2184 |
| Netjerykare | - | 2184-2183 |
| Menkare | - | 2183-2181 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Neferkare I | - | 2181- ? |
| Neferkare Neby | - | ? |
| Djedure Shemai | - | ? |
| Neferkare Khendu | - | ? |
| Neferkamin | - | ? |
| Nykare | - | ? |
| Neferkare Tereru | - | ? |
| Neferkahor | - | ? -2173 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Wadjkare Pepysonbe | - | 2173-2169 |
| Neferkamin Anu | - | 2169-2167 |
| Qakare Ibi | - | 2167-2163 |
| Neferkare II | - | 2163-2162 |
| Neferkauhor Kapuibi | - | 2162-2161 |
| Neferirkare | - | 2161-2160 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Meryibre Khety (Achthoes I) | - | 2160- ? |
| --- | - | ? |
| Neferkare III | - | ? |
| Nebkaure (Acthoes II | - | ? |
| Setut | - | ? |
| --- | - | ? |
| Mery--- | - | ? |
| --- | - | ? |
| H--- | - | ? |
| --- | - | ? |
| --- | - | ? |
| --- | - | ? |
| User--- | - | ? -2130 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Meryhathor | - | 2130- ? |
| Neferkare IV | - | ? |
| Wankare(Acthoes III) | - | ? |
| Merykare | - | ? |
| --- | - | ? -2040 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Intef I | - | 2134-2117 |
| Intef II | - | 2117-2069 |
| Intef III | - | 2069-2060 |
| Nebhetepre Mentuhotep I | Gained all Egypt 2040, Middle Kingdom begins. | 2060-2010 |
| Sankhkare Mentuhotep II | - | 2010-1998 |
| Nebtawyre Mentuhotep III | - | 1997-1991 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Amenemhet I | - | 1991-1962 |
| Senusret I(Sesostris I) | - | 1971-1926 |
| Amenemhet II | - | 1929-1895 |
| Senusret II(Sesostris II) | - | 1897-1878 |
| Senusret III(Sesostris III) | - | 1878-1841 |
| Amenemhet III | - | 1842-1797 |
| Amenemhet IV | - | 1798-1786 |
| Sobeknefru | A rare female ruler. | 1785-1782 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Sobkhotep I | - | 1786- ? (5+ yrs.) |
| Senbuef | - | 3 or more yrs. |
| Sehetepibre | - | c. 1770-1769 |
| Ameny Intef IV (Amenemhet V) | - | ? -1760 |
| Amu Sihornerjheryotef | - | ? |
| Renseneb | - | 4 mo. in c. 1760 |
| Hor | - | c. 1760 |
| Sobekhotep II (Amenemhet VI) | - | c. 1750 |
| Ugaf | - | 2 years |
| Senusret IV | - | ? |
| Khendjer | - | 4 yrs, incl. c. 1747 |
| Semenkhkare | - | ? |
| Sobekemsaf I | - | ? |
| Sobekhotep III | -td> | c. 1745 |
| Neferhotep I | - | 1741-1730 |
| Sobekhotep IV | - | 1730-1720 |
| Ai | - | c. 1720 |
| Neferhotep II | - | ? |
| Dudimose I | - | c. 1674 |
| Dudimose II | - | ? |
| Senebmiu | - | ? |
| Mentuhotep V | - | ? |
| Senaayeb | - | ? |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Nehesy | - | c. 1705 |
| Khakherewre ? | - | ? |
| Nebefawre | - | c. 1704 |
| Sehebre ? | - | ? |
| Merdjefare | - | c. 1699 |
| Sewadjkare ? | - | ? |
| Nebdjefare | - | c. 1694 |
| Webenre ? | - | ? |
| ? | - | ? |
| ---djefare ? | - | ? |
| ---webenre | - | c. 1690 |
The source provides an additional 25 names, some fragmented, and no dates. None are attested to elsewhere, and all are of very dubious provenance.
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Sheshi | Ruled either 1 or 3 years | 1674- ? |
| Yakubher | - | 8 years |
| Khyan | - | ? |
| Apepi I | - | 40 years or more |
| Apepi II | - | ? |
| Khamudy | - | ? -1567 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Anather | - | 1663- ? |
| Yakobaam | - | ? |
Some sources include as many as six more names (Semqen, Khauserre, Seket, Ahetepre, Amu, and Nebkhepeshre (Apepi III)) - none are attested to elsewhere. This group seems to have disappeared entirely by 1555 BC.
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Rehotep | - | 1650- ? |
| Intef V the Elder | - | 3 years |
| Intef VI | - | ? |
| Sobekemsaf II | - | 16 years |
| Thuty | - | 1 year |
| Mentuhotep VI | - | 1 year |
| Nebiryerawet I | - | 6 years |
| Nebiryerawet II | - | ? |
| Semenmedjatre | - | ? |
| Seuserenre | - | 12 years |
| Shedwast | - | ? |
| Intef VII | - | 3 or more years |
| Senakhtenre | - | ? |
| Tao I the Elder | - | c. 1633 |
| Tao II the Brave | - | c. 1574 |
| Kamose | - | 1573-1570 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Ahmose | Successor to Kamose, above. | 1570-1546 |
| Amenhotep I | - | 1551-1524 |
| Djehutymes I (Tuthmosis I) | - | 1525-1518 |
| Djehutymes II (Tuthmosis II) | - | 1518-1504 |
| Djehutymes III (Tuthmosis III) | - | 1503-1450 |
| Hatshepsut | A rare female ruler | 1498-1483 |
| Amenhotep II | - | 1453-1419 |
| Djehutymes IV (Tuthmosis IV) | - | 1419-1386 |
| Amenhotep III | - | 1386-1349 |
| Amenhotep IV Akhnaten | Founder of brief period of monotheism Aten | 1350-1334 |
| Smenkhkare | - | 1336-1334 |
| Tutankhamun | - | 1334-1325 |
| Kheperkheprure Ai | - | 1325-1321 |
| Horemheb | Former General and advisor to Tutankhamun | 1321-1293 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Rameses I | - | 1293-1291 |
| Seti I | - | 1291-1278 |
| Rameses II the Great | The ruler usually associated with Moses | 1279-1212 |
| Merneptah | - | 1212-1202 |
| Amenemses | - | 1202-1199 |
| Seti II | - | 1199-1193 |
| Merneptah Siptah | - | 1193-1187 |
| Twosret | A rare female ruler | 1187-1185 |
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Setnakhte | - | 1185-1182 |
| Rameses III | - | 1182-1151 |
| Rameses IV | - | 1151-1145 |
| Rameses V | - | 1145-1141 |
| Rameses VI | - | 1141-1133 |
| Rameses VII | - | 1133-1126 |
| Rameses VIII | - | 1126 |
| Rameses IX | - | 1126-1108 |
| Rameses X | - | 1108-1098 |
| Rameses XI | - | 1098-1070 |
- Ptolemy XIII
- Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Kills her brother to take control, marries Mark Anthony and then they both kill themselves 7 years later