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Pogrom is a Russian word which in Imperial Russia was used primarily to denote riots against Jews.
Originally the word applies for any organized massacre. Modern examples of pogroms include those of
- 21 Apr 2001 - Yasenevo market in Moscow against Caucasus
This word is mainly applied when describing a series of violent attacks on Jews in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It's widely believed that riots were usually organized or supported by the Russian special services of that time (Ochranka) The pogroms encouraged the first emigration of Russian Jews to the United States. Many pogroms accompanied the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the following Russian civil war. However they were not limited to Russia, the Kristallnacht in Nazi Germany is now usually called Pogromnacht.
See also: History of the Jews in the Soviet Union, anti-Semitism, Race riot