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Truce of Niemieża (also sometimes known as Treaty of Wilno) was a treaty signed at Niemieża (Niemiez) near Wilno (Vilna, Vilnius) on 3 November 1656 between Russia and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667).

After a series of successes for the Russian forces, with an even more successful Swedish invasion of Poland, the Russian tsar decided that total defeat of the Commonwealth and Swedish victory leading to major strengthening of Sweden (a threat to Russia) would not be in the best interests of Russia.

The negotiations begun in Autumn of 1655, between Polish hetman Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski and Russian commander Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin, and led a quick ceasefire along the Polish-Russian front, allowing the Commonwealth to concentrate on the Swedish incursion. In the light of its successes, the Commonwealth stance in the negotiations intensified, and it has rejected Russian territorial demands; however both Poland and Russia agreed to continue engaging Sweden. Russian forces marched on Swedish Livonia and besieged Riga in the Russo-Swedish War of 1656-1658.

In 1658 the Russo-Polish war would resume, with another Russian invasion of the Commonwealth territories.

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See also

References

• Edward Henry Lewinski Corwin, The Political History of Poland, Polish Book Importing Co, 1917, p. 253-254

• Polish history stubs
• Russian history stubs
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• 1656 in law
• Truces of Poland
• Livonia
• Russian peace treaties
• Polish-Russian relations