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Tourism in Brazil is a growing sector and key to the economy of several regions of the country. The country had 5.026 million visitors in 2007, placing Brazil as the fourth largest tourist destination in the Americas, the main destination in South America, and second in Latin America after Mexico, in terms of the international tourist arrivals. Revenues from international tourists reached USD 4.95 billion in 2007. In 2005, tourism contributed with 3.2% of the country's revenues from exports of goods and services, and represented 7% of direct and indirect employment in the Brazilian economy. In 2006 direct employment in the sector reached 1.87 million people. Domestic tourism is a fundamental market segment for the industry, as 51 million travel throughout the country in 2005, and direct revenues from Brazilian tourist reached USD 21.8 billion, 5.6 times more receipts than international tourists in 2005.

Brazil offers for both domestic and international tourists, an ample gamut of options, with natural areas being its most popular tourism product, a combination of ecotourism with leisure and recreation, mainly sun and beach, and adventure travel, as well as historic and cultural tourism. Among the most popular destinations is the Amazon Rainforest, beaches and dunes in the Northeast Region, the Pantanal in the Center-West Region, beaches at the Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina, cultural and historic tourism in Minas Gerais and business trips to São Paulo city.

In terms of 2008 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which is a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop business in the travel and tourism industry of individual countries, Brazil reached the 49th place in the world's ranking, second among Latin American countries, and sixth in the Americas. Brazil main competitive advantages are shown by the subindex measuring human, cultural, and natural resources, where Brazil ranks sixth at the worldwide level, and third when only the natural resources criteria is considered. The TTCI report also notes Brazil's main weaknesses, information and communications technology infrastructure (ranked 58th), ground transport infrastructure (ranked 95th), and safety and security (ranked 128th).

International tourism

According to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), international travel to Brazil began to grow fast since 2000, paricullarly during 2004 and 2005. However, in 2006 a slow down took place, and international arrivals kept almost constant in 2007. In spite of this trend, revenues from international tourism continue to rise, from USD 3.9 billion in 2005 to USD 4.9 billion in 2007, a one billion dollar increase despite 333 thousand less arrivals. This favorable trend is the result of the strong devaluation of the American dollar against the Brazilian Real, which began in 2004, but on the other hand, making Brazil a more expensive international destination. Also, there have been a market demand contraction of international visitors due the 2006-2007 Brazilian aviation and airport crisis, and Varig Brazilian airline financial crisis, considered responsible for close to 400 thousand international travelers desisting to visit Brazil in 2006.

Despite continuing record breaking of international tourism revenues, the number of Brazilian tourists travelling overseas has been growing steadily since 2003, resulting in a net negative foreign exchange balance, as more money is spent abroad by Brazilian than receipts from international tourist visiting Brazil. Tourism expenditures abroad grew from USD 5.76 billion in 2006, to USD 8.21 billion in 2007, a 42,45% increase, representing a net deficit of USD 3.26 billion in 2007, as compared to USD 1.45 billion in 2006, a 125% increase from the previous year. This trend is caused by Brazilians taking advantage of the stronger Real to travel and making relatively cheaper expenditures abroad. Brazilian traveling overseas in 2006 represented 3.9% of the country's population.

In 2005, Rio de Janeiro, Foz de Iguaçu, São Paulo, Florianópolis and Salvador were the most visited cities by international tourists for leisure trips. The most popular destinations for business trips were São Paulo, Río de Janeiro and Porto Alegre. In 2006 Rio de Janeiro and Fortaleza were the most popular destinations by national visitors.

Most international visitor in 2007 came from Argentine (18.3%), from the United States (13,9%) and from Portugal (5.6%), but Europeans as whole represent 39.7% of all visitors, the same share as visitors from neighboring South American countries, mainly from Mercosur. Top international arrivals by country of origin in 2006 and 2007 are:

Top 15 visitor arrivals to Brazil by country of origin (2006-2007)
Ranking 2007	Country of origin	Foreign tourists 2007	% total	Foreign tourists 2006	% total
1º	Argentina	920.210	18,31	933.061	18,63
2º	United States	699.169	13,91	721.633	14,41
3º	Portugal	280.438	5,58	299.211	5,97
4º	Italy	268.685	5,35	287.898	5,75
5º	Chile	260.430	5,18	167.357	3,34
6º	Germany	257.719	5,13	277.182	5,53
7º	France	254.367	5,06	275.913	5,51
8º	Uruguay	226.111	4,50	255.349	5,10
9º	Spain	216.373	4,31	211.741	4,23
10º	Paraguay	206.323	4,11	198.958	3,97
11º	United Kingdom	176.948	3,52	169.627	3,39
12º	Peru	96.336	1,92	64.002	1,28
13º	Netherlands	83.554	1,66	86.122	1,72
14º	Switzerland	72.763	1,45	84.816	1,69
15º	Canada	63.963	1,27	62.603	1,25
International visitor arrivals by region of origin (2007 and 2006)
1º	South America	1,906,451	37,9	1,818,352	36,2
2º	Europe	1,906,078	37,9	1,951,528	38,9
3º	North America	821,921	16,4	855,098	17,0

Comparison with other Latin American destinations

The following is a comparative summary of Brazil's tourism industry key performance indicators as compared with countries considered among the most popular destinations in Latin America, and relevant economic indicators are included to show the relative importance that international tourism has on the economy of the selected countries.

Selected Latin American countries	Internl. tourism arrivals 2007 (x 1000)	Internl. tourism receipts. 2007 (USD millions)	Average receipt per visitor 2007 (USD/turista)	Tourist arrivals per 1000 inhab (estimated) 2007	Receipts per capita 2005 USD	Revenues as % exports of goods and services 2003	Tourism income  % GDP 2003	% Direct and indirect employment in tourism 2005	World ranking Tourims Competitiv. TTCI 2008	2008 TTCI Index
Argentina	4,562	4,313	945	115	57	7,4	1,8	9,1	58	4,17
Brazil	5,026	4,953	985	26	18	3,2	0,5	7,0	49	4,29
Chile	2,507	1,419	566	151	73	5,3	1,9	6,8	51	4,27
Costa Rica	1,973	1,974	1.001	442	343	17,5	8,1	13,3	44	4,35
Cuba	2,119	1,982	935	188	169	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
Dominican Republic	3,980	4,026	1,012	408	353	36,2	18,8	19,8	63	4,05
Mexico	21,424	12,901	602	201	103	5,7	1,6	14,2	55	4,18
Panama	1,103	1,185	1,074	330	211	10,6	6,3	12,9	50	4,29
Peru	1,812	1,938	1,070	65	41	9,0	1,6	7,6	70	3,87
Uruguay	1,752	809	462	525	145	14,2	3,6	10,7	61	4,10

• Note : The background green shadow denotes the country with the best indicator and y yellow shadow corresponds to Brazil indicators.

Domestic tourism

Domestic tourism is a key market segment for the tourism industry in Brazil. In 2005, 51 million Brazilian nationals made ten times more trips than foreign tourists and spent five times more money than their international counterparts. The main destination states in 2005 were São Paulo (27,7%), Minas Gerais (10,8%), Rio de Janeiro (8,4%), Bahia (7,4%) and Santa Catarina (7,2%). The top three state by trip origin were São Paulo (35,7%), Minas Gerais (13,6%) and Rio de Janeiro (8,2%). In terms of tourism revenues, the top earners by state are São Paulo (16,4%) and Bahia (11,7%). For 2005 the three main trip purposes were visiting friends and family (53,1%), sun and beach(40,8%), and cultural tourism(12,5%).

Tourism by regions of Brazil

Southeast Region

• Rio de Janeiro
• Rio de Janeiro State: Angra dos Reis, Paraty, Resende, Visconde de Mauá, Itatiaia National Park, Petrópolis, Vassouras, Teresópolis, Serra dos Órgãos, Nova Friburgo, Saquarema, Arraial do Cabo, Cabo Frio, Búzios, Ilha Grande
• Espírito Santo: Vitória, Guarapari, Anchieta, Piúma, Domingos Martins, Santa Teresa
• Minas Gerais: Belo Horizonte, Sabará, Ouro Preto, Congonhas, Mariana, Lavras, São João del Rei, Tiradentes, Diamantina, Caxambu, São Lourenço, São Thomé das Letras, Caparaó National Park, Pico da Bandeira, Serra do Cipó National Park
• São Paulo
• São Paulo State: São Sebastião, Ilhabela, Boiçucanga, Guarujá, Santos, Iguape, Cananéia, Campos do Jordão

Southern Region

• Paraná: Curitiba, Morretes, Antonina, Paranaguá, Ilha do Mel, Superagüi National Park, Foz do Iguaçu, Iguaçu Falls
• Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Ilha de Santa Catarina, Joinville, Blumenau
• Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Torres, Aparados da Serra National Park, Serra Gaúcha, Canela, Gramado

Center-West Region

• Distrito Federal: Brasília
• Goiás: Goiânia, Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Pirenópolis, Goiás Velho, Caldas Novas, Emas National Park, Araguaia River
• Mato Grosso: Cuiabá, The Pantanal, Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Barra do Garças, Alta Floresta, Cáceres, Barão de Melgaço, Poconé
• Mato Grosso do Sul: Campo Grande, Corumbá, Bonito, Ponta Porã, Aquidauana, Coxim, Jardim

Northeast Region

• Bahia: Salvador, Cachoeira, Lençóis, Morro de São Paulo, Ilhéus, Porto Seguro, Arraial d'Ajuda, Trancoso, Chapada Diamantina National Park, Abrolhos Marine National Park
• Pernambuco: Recife, Olinda, Itamaracá, Igarassu, Caruaru, Fazenda Nova, Nova Jerusalém, Garanhuns, Triunfo, Fernando de Noronha
• Ceará: Fortaleza, Aracati, Canoa Quebrada, Jericoacoara, Tatajuba, Camocim, Sobral, Baturité, Ubajara National Park, Juazeiro do Norte
• Sergipe: Aracaju, Laranjeiras, São Cristóvão, Estância, Propriá
• Alagoas: Maceió, Penedo
• Paraíba: João Pessoa, Baía da Traição, Sousa
• Rio Grande do Norte: Natal
• Piauí: Teresina, Sete Cidades National Park, Parnaíba, Serra da Capivara National Park
• Maranhão: São Luís, Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Alcântara, Imperatriz, Carolina

North Region

• Amazonas: Manaus, Parintins, Tefé, Mamirauá
• Pará: Belém, Ilha de Marajó, Santarém
• Tocantins: Palmas, Ilha do Bananal, Natividade
• Amapá: Macapá, Oiapoque
• Roraima: Boa Vista, Monte Roraima
• Rondônia: Porto Velho, Guajará-Mirim, Guaporé Valley
• Acre: Rio Branco, Xapuri, Brasiléia, Assis Brasil

References

1. ^ World Tourism Organization (2008). "UNWTO World Tourism Barometer June 2008" (PDF). UNWTO. Retrieved 2008-08-08. Data corresponds to 2007
2. The World Tourism Organization. "Tourism Highlights 2006 [pdf]" (PDF). Retrieved 2006-01-06.
3. ^ Carmen Altés (2006). "El Turismo en América Latina y el Caribe y la experiencia del BID" (in Spanish). Inter-American Development Bank; Sustainable Development Department, Technical Paper Series ENV-149, Washington, D.C. p. 9 and 47. Retrieved 2008-06-14. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help) Cite error: The named reference "BID2006" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
4. Margerida Coelho (2008). "Distribução Espacial da Ocupação no Setor de Turismo: Brasil e Regiões" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. Retrieved 2008-06-22.
5. ^ Fundação Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas (2007). "Caracterização e Dimensionamento do Turismo Domêstico no Brasil 2002 e 2006" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Ministério do Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-21.
6. ^ Jennifer Blanke and Thea Chiesa, Editors (2008). "The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2008" (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2008-06-14. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help) Cite error: The named reference "TTCI2008" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
7. World Economic Forum (2008-03-06). "Country/Economy Profiles: Brazil". The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
8. ^ World Tourism Organization (2005). "Tourism Market Trends, Annex 5, 2005 Edition" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-03-30.
9. ^ World Tourism Organization (2006). "Tourism Market Trends, Annex 12, 2006 Edition" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-03-30.
10. ^ World Tourism Organization (2007). "UNWTO Tourism Highlights, Edition 2007" (PDF). UNWTO. Retrieved 2008-06-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
11. ^ EMBRATUR (2008). "Principais Emissores de Turistas para o Brasil 2006-2007" (in Portuguese). Ministério de Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-19.
12. Facultade Getúlio Vargas (2008). "Boletim de Desempenho Econômico do Turismo" (in Portuguese). Ministério de Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-19. Janeiro 2008, Ano v, nº 17, pp. 2
13. Facultade Getúlio Vargas (2007). "Boletim de Desempenho Econômico do Turismo" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Ministério de Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-21. Fevereiro 2007, Ano IV, nº 13, pp. 3
14. ^ Facultade Getúlio Vargas (2008). "Pesquisa Anual de Conjuntura Econômica do Turismo" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Ministério de Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-22. Março 2008, Ano IV, pp. 11
15. ^ Fundação Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas e EMBRATUR (2006). "Caracterização e Dimensionamento do Turismo Domêstico no Brasil 2002 e 2006: Metodologia e Desenvolvimento" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Ministério do Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-22.
16. ^ EMBRATUR (2006). "Anúario Estatístico Volume 33 2006" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Ministério do Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-22. Tables 4.1 a 4.4: Summary Brasil by trip purpose 2004-2005
18. ^ EMBRATUR (2008). "Anuário estatístico 2008" (PDF). Ministério de Turismo. Retrieved 2008-06-19. Table 1.1: Tourist Arrivales to Brazil
19. United Nations. "UNData. Country profiles". Retrieved 2008-08-08. Population estimates for 2007 (search on each country profile)
20. World Tourism Organization (2006). "Tourism Market Trends, Annex 12, 2006 Edition" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-03-30.

v t e Ancestry and ethnicity in Brazil
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Related topics	Demographics of Brazil Colonization Slave trade Immigration from Europe Emigration Racism

• Tourism in Brazil