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October 9 is the 282nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (283rd in Leap years). There are 83 days remaining.

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Events

• 1000 - Leif Ericson discovers Vinland, becoming the first known European to set foot in North America.
• 1238 - James I of Aragon conquered Valencia and founded the Kingdom of Valencia.
• 1446 - The Hangul alphabet is published in Korea.
• 1514 - marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor
• 1582 - Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1635 - Founder of Rhode Island Roger Williams is banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony as a religious dissident after he spoke out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.
• 1701 - The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
• 1771 - The Dutch merchant ship Vrouw Maria sinks near the coast of Finland.
• 1776 - Father Francisco Palou founds Mission San Francisco de Asis in what is now San Francisco, California.
• 1812 - War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships; the HMS Detroit and the HMS Caledonia.
• 1820 - Guayaquil declared independence from Spain.
• 1831 - Capo d'Istria was assassinated.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Tom's Brook - Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces at Tom's Brook, Virginia.
• 1871 - The Great Chicago Fire is brought under control.
• 1874 - General Postal Union was created as a result of the Treaty of Berne.
• 1888 - The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
• 1914 - World War I: Siege of Antwerp - Antwerp, Belgium falls to German troops.
• 1919 - Black Sox scandal: The Cincinnati Reds "win" the World Series.
• 1936 - Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to transmit electricity from the Colorado River 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain - During a nighttime air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral is pierced by a bomb.
• 1942 - Statute of Westminster Adoption Act formalizes Australian autonomy.
• 1944 - World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Union Premier Joseph Stalin begin a nine-day conference in Moscow to discuss the future of Europe.
• 1957 - Neil H. McElroy was sworn in as the 6th Secretary of Defense of United States.
• 1962 - Uganda becomes a republic.
• 1963 - In northeast Italy, over 2,000 people are killed when a large landslide behind the Vajont Dam causes a giant wave of water to overtop it.
• 1967 - A day after being caught, Che Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
• 1969 - In Chicago, Illinois, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection to the trial of the "Chicago Eight" (trial started on September 24).
• 1969 - Students from the University of the Philippines formed the first Upsilonian Congress and established the Upsiloan Alpha Beta Grand Fraternity in Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
• 1970 - The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
• 1986 - United States District Court Judge Harry E. Claiborne becomes the fifth federal official to be removed from office through impeachment.
• 1989 - An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.
• 1989 - In Leipzig, East Germany, 70,000 protesters demand the legalization of opposition groups and democratic reforms.
• 1991 - Ecuador becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1992 - A 13 kilogram (est.) meteorite lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu.
• 1995 - An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.
• 2002 - After losing a massive amount of ground during the summer of 2002, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at 7,286.27, its lowest level in five years. The NASDAQ also hit a six-year low of 1,114.11.
• 2004 - Jo Brauner resign as the anchor of German Tagesschau news show after 30 years.
• 2004 - Democratic elections held for the first time in Afghanistan.
• 2004 - The tri-annual federal election is held in Australia and Liberal Party of Australia leader, John Howard, wins a fourth term as Prime Minister in a landslide victory over opponent, Mark Latham of the Australian Labor Party.
• 2005 - China's State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping officially announced the new accurate height of Everest is 8848.43 m.

Births

• 1201 - Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne (d. 1274)
• 1221 - Salimbene di Adam, Italian chronicler
• 1261 - King Dinis of Portugal (d. 1325)
• 1328 - King Peter I of Cyprus (d. 1369)
• 1581 - Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician (d. 1638)
• 1585 - Heinrich Schütz, German composer (d. 1672)
• 1586 - Archduke Leopold V of Austria (d. 1632)
• 1757 - King Charles X of France (d. 1836)
• 1796 - Joseph Bonomi the Younger, English Egyptologist (d. 1878)
• 1835 - Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer (d. 1921)
• 1840 - Simeon Solomon, British artist (d. 1905)
• 1852 - Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
• 1859 - Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer (d. 1935)
• 1873 - Karl Schwarzschild, German physicist and astronomer (d. 1916)
• 1873 - Charles Walgreen, American entrepreneur (d. 1939)
• 1874 - Nicholas Roerich, Russian painter (d. 1947)
• 1879 - Max von Laue, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
• 1886 - Rube Marquard, baseball player (d. 1980)
• 1888 - Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Russian politician (d. 1938)
• 1890 - Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (d. 1944)
• 1892 - Ivo Andrić, Serbo-Croatian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
• 1892 - Marina Tsvetaeva, Russian poet (d. 1941)
• 1900 - Alastair Sim, Scottish actor (d. 1976)
• 1907 - Quintin Hogg, British politician (d. 2001)
• 1908 - Jacques Tati, French filmmaker (d. 1982)
• 1909 - Donald Coggan, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 2000)
• 1911 - Joe Rosenthal, American photographer
• 1915 - Clifford M. Hardin, United States Secretary of Agriculture
• 1920 - Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)
• 1923 - Fyvush Finkel, American actor
• 1928 - Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer
• 1936 - Brian Blessed, English actor
• 1938 - Heinz Fischer, Austrian politician
• 1940 - John Lennon, British musician and songwriter (The Beatles) (d. 1980)
• 1941 - Trent Lott, American politician
• 1944 - John Entwistle, British musician (The Who) (d. 2002)
• 1944 - Nona Hendryx, American singer (LaBelle)
• 1944 - Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician (d. 1987)
• 1946 - Tansu Çiller, Prime Minister of Turkey
• 1948 - Jackson Browne, American musician
• 1950 - Jody Williams, American teacher and aid worker, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1952 - Sharon Osbourne, English music manager and wife of Ozzy Osbourne
• 1953 - Tony Shalhoub, American actor
• 1954 - Scott Bakula, American actor
• 1958 - Michael Pare, American actor
• 1969 - P.J. Harvey, English musician
• 1970 - Kenny Anderson, American basketball player
• 1970 - Savannah, American actress (d. 1994)
• 1970 - Annika Sörenstam, Swedish golfer
• 1971 - Michael Manna, American professional wrestler
• 1971 - Simon Atlee, British photographer (d. 2004)
• 1973 - Steven Burns, actor and musician
• 1974 - Wendy Hudson, Teacher of Gifted Students
• 1975 - Sean Lennon, English musician
• 1978 - Nicky Byrne, Irish musician (Westlife)
• 1978 - Juan Dixon, American basketball player
• 1981 - Darius Miles, American basketball player
• 1986 - Laure Manaudou, French swimmer
• 1989 - Harry Bartles, British Rock Musician and Singer (Whitelime)

Deaths

• 1047 - Pope Clement II (b. 1005)
• 1253 - Robert Grosseteste, English statesman and bishop
• 1390 - King John I of Castile (b. 1358)
• 1555 - Justus Jonas, German protestant reformer (b. 1493)
• 1562 - Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist (b. 1523)
• 1569 - Vladimir of Staritsa, Russian prince (b. 1533)
• 1597 - Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Japanese shogun (b. 1537)
• 1691 - William Sacheverell, English statesman (b. 1638)
• 1709 - Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland, English mistress of Charles II of England (b. 1640)
• 1729 - Richard Blackmore, English physician and writer (b. 1654)
• 1793 - Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, French missionary (b. 1718)
• 1806 - Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer (b. 1731)
• 1831 - John Capodistria, Governor of Greece (b. 1776)
• 1924 - Valery Bryusov, Russian writer and critic (b. 1873)
• 1934 - King Alexander I of Yugoslavia (assassinated) (b. 1888)
• 1934 - Louis Barthou, Prime Minister of France (assassinated) (b. 1862)
• 1941 - Helen Morgan, American singer and actress (b. 1900)
• 1943 - Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• 1955 - Theodor Cardinal Innitzer, Archbishop of Vienna (b. 1875)
• 1956 - Marie Doro, American actress (b. 1882)
• 1958 - Pope Pius XII (b. 1876)
• 1962 - Milan Vidmar, Slovenian electrical engineer and chess player (b. 1885)
• 1967 - Che Guevara, Argentine revolutionary and guerilla leader (executed) (b. 1928)
• 1967 - Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
• 1972 - Miriam Hopkins, American actress (b. 1902)
• 1974 - Oskar Schindler, German businessman (b. 1908)
• 1978 - Jacques Brel, Belgian musician (b. 1929)
• 1987 - Clare Boothe Luce, American diplomat (b. 1903)
• 1987 - Guru Gopinath, Indian classical dancer (b. 1908)
• 1989 - Penny Lernoux, American journalist and author (b. 1940)
• 1995 - Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1903)
• 1996 - Walter Kerr, American theater critic (b. 1913)
• 2000 - David Dukes, American actor (b. 1945)
• 2001 - Dagmar, American television personality (b. 1921)
• 2005 - Louis Nye, American comedian and actor (b. 1913)

Holidays

• RC Saints - Saint Denis, Saint John Leonardi
• Also see October 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• South Korea - Hangul Day: celebrating the invention of Hangul, the native Korean phonetic alphabet.
• Uganda - Independence Day (from Britain, 1962)
• Leif Erikson Day - in United States, Iceland and Norway: celebrating the first European landing in North America
• Ecuador - Guayaquil's Independence Day (from Spain 1820) (Dia de la independencia de Guayaquil)

External links

• BBC: On This Day

October 8 - October 10 - September 9 - November 9 - more historical anniversaries