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The Abro (Template:Lang-ur) is a Samma tribe, found in Balochistan, Sindh and southern Punjab provinces of Pakistan.

The majority of the tribe live in Shikarpur, Larkana, Jacobabad, Sibi, Nasirabad, Jaffarabad, Bolan and Mastung districts.

Origin

According to some traditions, are they are descendants of Sam (Shem), the eldest of the three surviving sons of the prophet Nuh (Noah). According to others they are the descendants of Sam, the son of Umar, son of Hashim, son of Abu Lahab, an uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad(SAW).

There are also traditions that the Samma are clan of Muslim Rajputs

Tribal Chiefs

The Chief of the Abro tribe is Sardar (chief) Haider khan Abro of Mongar Bolan(kachhi) Balochistan.

ابڙو وڏوڙو سوڙو' سمو' سونهن سڀن

تنهن در سڀ اچن كنڌ نه كڍي كڇ ڙڻي

(شاھ عبدالطيف ڀٽائيِ )

Other Abro chiefs are:

• Sardar Wahid Bakhs Khan Bhayo of Shikarpur.

• Sardar Himmat Ali Khan Kamaryo of Naushehro Abro Sukkur.
• Sardar Jahangeer Khan Kakepota of Shikarpur.
• Sardar Asadullah Khan Mongrani of Garhi Yasin.

Clans

The major sub-tribes are:

History

Kalhora Rule

During the rule of Kalhora Dynasty in Sindh (1701 to 1783 CE) the Abro and Airi tribe were the ruling tribes in the Kachhi (Bhag) region of Baluchistan. Mian Sháh Alí better known as Sháhal Muhammad, the Kalhora king, gave important jobs to the Abro tribe in the state. He himself selected his residence in the village of Habibani, which was an Abro village.

Mian Adam Shah Kalhoro started his career from this small village with the support of the Abro tribe. They remained a powerful force in support of him. Sardar Khabar Abro, was the first person to enrol as his follower. This small village also became the centre for learning for the Mehdvis sect.

Samma Rule

The period of Samma rule in Sindh is considered a period of literary and cultural heights. Two centuries later, the famous Sufi poet Shah Latif was still singing their praises in `Sur Bilawal': ``When Alauddin came astride his furious elephants, Jam Abro tied his shield and the whole field shone with sabres. The Samma came to the rescue of damsels in distress - and then all was well.

In the ancient Abro tradition, Saam (protection) was in vogue. The following contemporary evidence exists. Abro, the protector of Soomra womenfolk in Dastan Dodo-. Chanesar, says:

Sultan Alaudin marched with a huge force,

None could dare to face him, who would bear his strokes?
To save Soomra womens' honour, saddled his camel brave Abro.

To redress and protect the helpless ones, he rose,
No tax would be paid by those, who his guidance chose.

Others gave up their proteges but not the mountain king,
Protector of strangers, how could he give up those known to him?
This brave leader saved many a supplicants, who came to his door.

Abro is the greatest refuge of all supplicants,
He gave up all rest, to attend to the call of complainants,
He is the care-taker of the suppressed, and the weak.

Abro amidst all other leaders, a forest's shady tree resembles,
The plains where this skilled one went, none before traversed.
Compassionate and generous Abro, is the best of all leaders,

Many come to him, this king of Katch avoids them not.

Notable people

• Jam Nizamuddin II: (866–914AH, 1461–1508AD) was the most famous Sultan of the Samma Dynasty.
  
• Hafiz-ul-milat Hafiz Muhammad Siddique Of Bhar Chandi.
  
• Jamal Abro: Famous Writer and Intellectual.
  
• Abdul Jabbar Abro:Ex-MPA Sindh Assembly in 1976 by Pakistan Peoples Party.
  
• Altaf Hussain Unar:Ex-MPA of PML-Q and Ex-Provincial Minister.
  
• Allama Ali Khan Abro: Notable Religious Scholar.
  
• Dr Ilyas Abro: Ex vice chancellor University of Sindh.
  
• Badar Abro: Archaeologist and Journalist.
  
• Sardar Altaf Ali Bhayo(Lat): former Federal Minister of Pakistan.
  
• Sardar Himmat Ali Kamaryo: former Provential Minister of Sindh.
  
• Mir Murad Abro(Lat): former Provential Minister of Balochistan.
  
• Munawar Abro: Journalist.
• Najamuddin Abro: Member Assembly PPP.

See also

• Samma (tribe)
• Samma Dynasty
• Jam Nizamuddin II
• Mian Adam Shah Kalhoro
• Battle of Kachhi
• Family Tree of Abro Tribe

Reference

• Sur Bilawal : Section I Have Faith In The Saying
• History of Jamot Tribes

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