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Revision as of 14:24, 14 April 2009 by Dawoodabro (talk | contribs)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)Sardar Darya Khan سردازدرياخان: great Samma com- mander Darya Khan, the son of Jam Nindo (Nizamuddin), was the comander of Samma army who camand the Battles agaist the Arguns of Qandhar.
History
Battle of Sibbi
In the last part of Jám Nindó’s reign, after 1490 CE, a Mughul army under Shah Beg Arghun came from Kandahar and fell upon many villages of Chundooha and Sideejuh, invading the town of Ágrí, Ohándukah, Sibi Sindichah and Kót Máchián. Jám Nindó sent a large army under his Vazier Darya Khan, which, arriving at the village known by the name of Duruh-i-Kureeb, also known as Joolow Geer or Halúkhar near Sibi, defeated the Mughuls in a pitched battle. Sháh Beg Arghun’s brother Abú Muhammad Mirzá was killed in the battle, and the Mughuls fled back to Kandahár, never to return during the reign of Jám Nizámuddín.
Battle of Fatehpur (1519)
Jám Feróz succeeded his father Jám Nizámuddín at a minor age. Owing to his minority, Daryá Khán, whom the late Jám had called his son, came forward as his guardian. In fact it was through the exertions of Sardar Darya Khan and other chief courtiers of the late Jám that Jám Feróz was put on the throne against the attempts of Saláhuddín, a grandson of Jám Sanjar, who was the first claimant to it. Being thus disappointed Saláhuddín went about inciting people to revolt and causing some other mischief. Ultimately he went to Gujarat to live with his son-in-law Sultán Muzaffar.
Shahbeg’s flght with Darya Khan:
Sháhbeg came to Fatehpur and Ganjábah to make warlike preparations by collecting and arrauging troops. He left some chiefs in charge of those places, posted his own brother at Siwí and sent Mír Fázil Kókaltásh * with 240 horses, as an advance party. The Sammah army of sind on passing through the district of Bághbán was joined at Taltí, about 6 or 7 miles from Sehwán, by Daryá Khán’s sons Mahmúd and Mótan Khán. On the arrival of Sháhbeg at the village of Bághbán, the chief men of the place hastened to pay their respects to him, which encouraged him to advance towards Tattá. Passing through the Lakí hills, be came within about 6 miles of Tattá southwards, where he halted and encamped on the bank of the Khánwáh. In those days the river flowed to the south of Tattá and so he had to make arrangements to cross it. The spies soon found a native way-farer, who, on pressure put upon him, pointed out the place where the river was fordable. It was on the 15th of Muharram 926 A.H. (1519 A.D.) that Sháhbeg rode into the river and led his whole force across, having left a party of soldiers to protect the camp at the river. Daryá Khán, the adopted son of Jám Nindó, left his master Jám Feróz at the capital city and himself advanced with a large army and gave battle to the Mughuls. A severe battle was fought, which ended in the victory of Sháhbeg.* Jám Feróz hearing of the defeat of his army, fled across the river. Daryá Khán was killed in the battle. Up to the 20th of the same month the Mughuls plundered the city. Several women and children of respectable families were captured. Even those of Jám Feróz remained in the city. It was at the intercession of Kází Kázan, the most learned man of the time at Tattá, whose family members also had been taken prisoners, that Sháhbeg stopped the plunder by giving an arrow to the Kází to show it round to the plundering Mughuls. A proclamation was also issued to that effect, and once more there was order and quiet in the city.
When Baber lost his native Samarkand and Bukhara, he had decided to descend on India. On way, in 1516, he first captured Kandhar (old Gandhar desh of Gandhari, the mother of the Kauravas), the gateway to both Iran and India. The Arghuns, who were displaced from Kandhar, in their turn descended on Sindh in 1521. In the battle that ensued, the great Samma com- mander Darya Khan, the son of Jam Nindo (Nizamuddin), fell fighting. ln another battle, 20,000 Sindhis died fighting the Arghuns, descended from Chenghiz Khan and his tribe. They got down from their horses and tied their turban and Kamarband <waistband) ends in a do-or-die battle. But none of this availed.
A significant factor in Sindhi defeat was the religious fanaticism that marked the last days of the Sammas. Makhdoom Bilawal, a scion of the royal family, represented the liberal school, patronised by Darya Khan, soldier-statesman, himself. When, however, Jam Nindo the Great was succeeded by a weak Jam Feroze, the orthodox group came up. They got Bilawal crushed in an oil press! It broke the heart of Sindh.
References
- This article includes content derived from "History of Sind - translated from Persian books" by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853-1929), published in Karachi in 1902 and now in the public domain.
- Golden Age