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Myopathy

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Myopathy
SpecialtyRheumatology Edit this on Wikidata

In medicine, a myopathy is a muscular disease in which the muscle fibers do not function for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness. "Myopathy" simply means muscle disease (myo- Greek μυσ "muscle" + -pathy Greek "suffering"). This meaning implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves ("neuropathies" or "neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain etc.). Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy.

Muscular disease can be classified as neuromuscular or musculoskeletal in nature.

Some conditions, such as myositis, can be considered both neuromuscular and musculoskeletal.

Classes

Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy.... (ICD-10 codes are provided where available.)

Congenital

Acquired

  • (M33.0-M33.1)
    • Dermatomyositisis the same as polymyositis, but also shows skin changes - a violaceous periorbital rash, facial erythema, blue or red patches on the knuckles, ragged nail folds and dilated nail capilliaries. (M33.2)
    • polymyositis which has tender, weak muscles, a mild normocytic anaemia, raised creatinine kinase and inflammatory markers and shows short polyphasic action potentials on EMG. it is treated by immunosuppressants like corticosteroids or azathioprine.
    • inclusion body myositis, and related myopathies
  • (M61) Myositis ossificans
  • (M62.89) Rhabdomyolysis and (R82.1) myoglobinurias

Symptoms

Treatments

Because different types of myopathies are caused by many different pathways, there is no single treatment for myopathy. Treatments range from treatment of the symptoms to very specific cause-targeting treatments. Drug therapy, physical therapy, bracing for support, surgery, and even acupuncture are current treatments for a variety of myopathies.

References

  1. "Myopathy - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary".
Diseases of muscle, neuromuscular junction, and neuromuscular disease
Neuromuscular-
junction disease
Myopathy
Muscular dystrophy
(DAPC)
AD
AR
XR
Other structural
Channelopathy
  • (ion channel)
Myotonia
  • Myotonia congenita
  • Neuromyotonia
  • Paramyotonia congenita
  • Periodic paralysis
    Other
    ATPase disorder
    • (ion pump)
  • Brody disease (ATP2A1)
  • Metabolic myopathy
    Endocrinopathy
    General
    Systemic connective tissue disorders
    General
    Systemic lupus erythematosus
    Inflammatory myopathy
    Scleroderma
    Other hypersensitivity/autoimmune
    Other
    Symptoms and conditions relating to muscle
    Pain
    Inflammation
    Destruction
    Low ATP reservoir
    Abnormal movement
    Other
    Category: