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The Peace of Bautzen or the Peace of Budziszyn (Template:Lang-de; Template:Lang-pl) was a treaty concluded on January 30, 1018 between the Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor Henry II and the Piast ruler of Poland Boleslaw I which ended a series of Polish-German wars over the control of the he Lusatia and Upper Lusatia (Milzenerland or Milsko, the eastern part of the margraviate of Meissen (Misnia)) as well as Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia.

Boleslaw had enjoyed the close friendship of the emperor Otto III and after his death supported one of Otto's followers, Eckard I, Margarve of Meissen for the position of Holy Roman Emperor, against the claims of Henry II. After Eckard's death in 1002 Boleslaw took over Eckard's domain of Meissen as well as the march of Lusatia. After Henry secured his position within Germany an agreement was reached which left Boleslaw with Lusatia, Upper Lusatia (Milsko) and parts of Meissen while Boleslaw in turn recognized Henry as Holy Roman Emperor.

Because of the recurring warfare since the Peace of Merseburg in 1013, Henry desired peace with Poland. This would allow him to focus on reunifying the Roman Empire, since divided into the western Holy Roman Empire and the eastern Byzantine Empire, with himself as universal Roman Emperor, a goal desired by his predecessor Otto III. Bolesław received the disputed Marches of Lusatia and Upper Lusatia (Milsko) until 1031 and strengthened dynastic bonds through his marriage with Oda, first daughter of Margrave Ekkehard I of Meißen. With the help of contingents of German and Hungarian troops, he was then able to capture Kiev in the summer of 1018 and hold it for six months. As the partner of the western Emperor, Bolesław was able to threaten the Byzantine Emperor Basil II from Kiev.

See also

• List of treaties

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