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2,4,6-Trinitroaniline

Names
IUPAC name 2,4,6-trinitroaniline
Other names Picramide
Identifiers
CAS Number	489-98-5
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	9852
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.004
PubChem CID	10271
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9074850
InChI InChI=1S/C6H4N4O6/c7-6-4(9(13)14)1-3(8(11)12)2-5(6)10(15)16/h1-2H,7H2Key: IAHOUQOWMXVMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C6H4N4O6/c7-6-4(9(13)14)1-3(8(11)12)2-5(6)10(15)16/h1-2H,7H2Key: IAHOUQOWMXVMEH-UHFFFAOYAP
SMILES c1c(cc(c(c1(=O))N)(=O))(=O)
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H4N4O6
Molar mass	228.12 g/mol
Appearance	yellow/orange/red powder
Density	1.8 g/cm
Melting point	188 °C
Boiling point	explodes before boiling
Solubility in water	insoluble
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	instantaneous explosion
Flash point	unknown
Explosive data
Shock sensitivity	unknown
Friction sensitivity	unknown
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Y verify (what is  ?) Infobox references

2,4,6-Trinitroaniline, C₆H₄N₄O₆, abbreviated as TNA and also known as picramide, a nitrated amine. Materials in this group range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. The aromatic nitro compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence of water or organic solvents. The explosive tendencies of aromatic nitro compounds are increased by the presence of multiple nitro groups. The appearance of trinitroaniline varies from yellow to orange to red depending on its purity and concentration.

Applications/Uses

Trinitroaniline is only used in modern times in the small warheads of some explosive devices such as mortars. In World War II it was used by Imperial Japanese Navy as Type 97 bakuyaku (Model 1931 explosive) in some versions of gun projectiles instead of less stable burster schimose. It was also used in the Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka, a kamikaze antishipping vessel.

Health Concerns/Precautions

The primary hazard of working with Trinitroaniline is the risk of an instantaneous explosion, not flying projectiles or fragments. Trinitroaniline is dangerously explosive. Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include skin and eye irritation, headache, drowsiness, weakness, cyanosis, and respiratory distress. Chronic exposure may lead to weight loss, anemia, and possible liver damage. In case of minor fires with where only extremely small amounts of Trinitroaniline are present foam or CO₂ extinguishers may be used. If any moderate or large amount is present, standard procedure is to evacuate the area and allow to burn. Standard safety procedure is to keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away and to keep the compound wet at all times when it is being worked with. If any is spilled, immediately wet down before attempting to clean up. Standard health precautions include not breathing dusts, and fumes from material especially if burning. Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves and goggles. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus if fighting fires involving this material.

References

1. http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/21189
2. http://navweaps.com/Weapons/Gun_Data_p2.htm
3. (AAR, 2003)
4. http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/12887

See also

• Aniline
• Picric acid

• Anilines
• Nitrobenzenes
• Explosive chemicals