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Antimony pentoxide

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Antimony pentoxide
Names
Other names antimony(V) oxide
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.853 Edit this at Wikidata
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/5O.2SbKey: LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/5O.2Sb/rO5Sb2/c1-6(2)5-7(3)4Key: LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-YOUOZQPQAC
SMILES
  • O=(=O)O(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula Sb2O5
Molar mass 323.5 g/mol
Appearance yellow powdery solid
Density 3.78 g/cm, solid
Melting point 380°C (decomposes)
Solubility in water very slightly soluble
Solubility insoluble in nitric acid
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth (blue): no hazard codeFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability (yellow): no hazard codeSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkY verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5) is a chemical compound of antimony and oxygen. It always occurs in hydrated form, Sb2O5·nH2O. It contains antimony in the +5 oxidation state.

Structure

Antimony pentoxide has the same structure as the B form of niobium pentoxide and can be derived from the rutile structure, with antimony coordinated by six oxygens in a distorted octahedral arrangement. The SbO6 octahedra are corner- and edge-sharing.

Sb coordination
edge sharing
corner sharing

Preparation

The hydrated oxide is prepared by hydrolysis of antimony pentachloride; or by acidification of potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V). It may also be prepared by oxidation of antimony trioxide with nitric acid.

Uses

It finds use as a Flame retardant in ABS and other plastics, a flocculant in the production of titanium dioxide and is sometimes used in the production of glass, paint and adhesives.

It is also used as an ion-exchange resin for a number if cations in acidic solution including Na

Reactions

When heated at 700°C the yellow hydrated pentoxide converts to an anhydrous white solid with a formula Sb2O13 containing both Sb(III) and Sb(V). Heating at 900°C produces a white insoluble powder of Sb2O4 of both α and β forms. The β form consists of Sb(V) in octahedral interstices and pyramidal Sb(III) O4 units. In these compounds, Sb(V) atom is octahedrally coordinated to six –OH groups.

References

  1. M. Jansen (1979). "Die Kristallstruktur von Antimon(V)-oxid". Acta Cryst. B35 (3): 539–542. doi:10.1107/S056774087900409X. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
  3. Bartlett, Jeffrey (1997-03-19). "Colloidal Antimony Pentoxide in Flame Retarded ABS". Nyacol Products, Inc. Retrieved 2006-07-28.
  4. "ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE". chemicalLAND21.com. Retrieved 2006-07-28.
Antimony compounds
Antimonides
Sb(III)
Organoantimony(III) compounds
Sb(III,V)
Sb(V)
Organoantimony(V) compounds
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