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List of tallest buildings

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  Countries with buildings in the top 200 and buildings 300 m (980 ft) or taller under construction   Countries with buildings in the top 200   Countries with buildings 300 m (980 ft) or taller under construction but no current buildings in the top 200

These are lists of skyscrapers, ranked by

  • structural height (vertical elevation from the base to the highest architectural or integral structural element of the building);
  • highest point on the building.

These lists only include buildings that:

  • are completed or topped-out, and
  • have continuous occupiable floors (high-rise buildings).

For lists that include non-building structures, see

Ranking criteria and alternatives

The non-profit, international organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) was formed in 1969 and announces the title of "The Worlds Tallest Building" and sets the standards by which buildings are measured. It maintains a list of the 100 tallest completed buildings in the world. The council currently ranks Burj Khalifa as the tallest at 828 m (2,717 ft). The CTBUH only recognizes buildings that are complete, however, and some buildings listed within these list articles are not considered complete by the CTBUH.

In 1996, as a response to the dispute as to whether the Petronas Towers or the Sears Tower was taller, the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories:

  • height of structural or architectural top
  • height of highest floor
  • height to the top of roof (removed as category November 2009)
  • height to top of any part of the building.

Spires are considered integral parts of the architectural design of buildings, to which changes would substantially change the appearance and design of the building, whereas antennas may be added or removed without such consequences. This naturally hurts the rankings of buildings without spires, or with antennas instead of spires, or with shorter spires. The most famous such discrepancy is that Petronas Towers, with their spires, are ranked higher than the Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roofs and lower highest points (of spire/antenna).

However, this type of discrepancy has happened before, without resulting in a change of the criteria used to determine the world's tallest building, which until 1996 was the height to the top of the tallest architectural element (spires, but not antennae). A famous historical case of this discrepancy was the rivalry between 40 Wall Street building (then known as the Bank of Manhattan Building) and the Chrysler Building. The Bank of Manhattan Building employed only a short spire and was 927ft (283m) tall and had a much higher top occupied floor (the second category in the 1996 criteria for tallest building). In contrast, the Chrysler Building employed a very large 125ft (38m) spire secretly assembled inside the building to claim the title of world's tallest building with a total height of 1048 feet (319m), despite having a lower top occupied floor and a shorter height when both building's spires are not counted in their heights. Upset by Chrysler’s victory, Shreve & Lamb, the consulting architects of 40 Wall Street, wrote a newspaper article claiming that their building was actually the tallest, since it contained the world's highest usable floor. They pointed out that the observation deck in the Bank of Manhattan Building was nearly 100 feet (30m) above the top floor in the Chrysler Building, whose surpassing spire was strictly ornamental and essentially inaccessible. At present the issue of criteria is moot, as Burj Khalifa tops the list by some margin, regardless of which criterion is applied.

Tallest skyscrapers in the world

Buildings that were at any time the tallest in the world are shown in boldface. The list includes the tallest 250 buildings in the world.

Rank Building City Country Height (m) Height (ft) Floors Built
1 Burj Khalifa Dubai  UAE 828 m 2,717 ft 163 2010
2 Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel Mecca  Saudi Arabia 601 m 1,971 ft 120 2012
3 Taipei 101 Taipei  Taiwan 509 m 1,670 ft 101 2004
4 Shanghai World Financial Center Shanghai  China 492 m 1,614 ft 101 2008
5 International Commerce Centre Hong Kong  China 484 m 1,588 ft 118 2010
6 Petronas Tower 1 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 452 m 1,483 ft 88 1998
6 Petronas Tower 2 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 452 m 1,483 ft 88 1998
8 Zifeng Tower Nanjing  China 450 m 1,476 ft 89 2010
9 Willis Tower Chicago  USA 442 m  1,450 ft  108 1973
10 Kingkey 100 Shenzhen  China 442 m 1,449 ft 100 2011
11 Guangzhou West Tower Guangzhou  China 440 m 1,440 ft 103 2010
12 Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago  USA 423 m 1,389 ft 98 2009
13 Jin Mao Tower Shanghai  China 421 m 1,380 ft 88 1999
14 Al Hamra Firdous Tower Kuwait City  Kuwait 413 m 1,352 ft 77 2011
15 Two International Finance Centre Hong Kong  China 416 m 1,364 ft 88 2003
16 23 Marina Dubai  UAE 393 m 1,296 ft 89 2012
17 CITIC Plaza Guangzhou  China 391 m 1,283 ft 80 1997
18 Shun Hing Square Shenzhen  China 384 m 1,260 ft 69 1996
19 Empire State Building New York City  USA 381 m 1,250 ft 102 1931
20 Elite Residence Dubai  UAE 380 m 1,247 ft 91 2012
21 Tuntex Sky Tower Kaohsiung  Taiwan 378 m 1,240 ft 85 1994
22 Emirates Park Tower 1 Dubai  UAE 376 m 1,234 ft 77 2010
22 Emirates Park Tower 2 Dubai  UAE 376 m 1,234 ft 77 2010
24 Central Plaza Hong Kong  China 374 m 1,227 ft 78 1992
25 Bank of China Tower Hong Kong  China 367 m 1,205 ft 70 1990
26 Bank of America Tower New York City  USA 366 m 1,200 ft 54 2009
27 Almas Tower Dubai  UAE 363 m 1,191 ft 68 2009
28 SEG Plaza Shenzhen  China 356 m 1,168 ft 70 2000
29 Emirates Office Tower Dubai  UAE 355 m 1,163 ft 54 2000
30 Aon Center Chicago  USA 346 m 1,136 ft 83 1973
31 The Center Hong Kong  China 346 m 1,135 ft 73 1998
32 The Marina Torch Dubai  UAE 345 m 1,132 ft 80 2011
32 Keangnam Hanoi Landmark Tower Hanoi  Vietnam 345 m 1,132 ft 72 2011
34 John Hancock Center Chicago  USA 344 m 1,128 ft 100 1969
35 Ahmed Abdul Rahim Al Attar Tower Dubai  UAE 342 m 1,122 ft 76 2010
36 Tianjin World Financial Center Tianjin  China 337 m 1,105 ft 79 2010
37 Rose Tower Dubai  UAE 333 m 1,093 ft 72 2007
37 Shimao International Plaza Shanghai  China 333 m 1,093 ft 61 2005
39 Minsheng Bank Building Wuhan  China 331 m 1,087 ft 68 2007
40 China World Trade Center Tower 3 Beijing  China 330 m 1,083 ft 74 2009
40 Ryugyong Hotel Pyongyang  North Korea 330 m 1,083 ft 105 1992
42 The Index Dubai  UAE 328 m 1,076 ft 80 2010
42 Al Yaqoub Tower Dubai  UAE 328 m 1,076 ft 69 2010
42 Hanging Village of Huaxi Huaxi Village  China 328 m 1,076 ft 72 2011
45 The Landmark Abu Dhabi  UAE 324 m 1,072 ft 72 2010
46 Q1 Gold Coast  Australia 323 m 1,058 ft 80 2005
47 Wenzhou World Trade Center Wenzhou  China 322 m 1,056 ft 68 2010
48 Burj Al Arab Dubai  UAE 321 m 1,053 ft 60 1999
49 Nina Tower Hong Kong  China 319 m 1,049 ft 80 2007
50 Chrysler Building New York City  USA 319 m 1,047 ft 77 1930
51 New York Times Building New York City  USA 319 m 1,046 ft 52 2007
52 HHHR Tower Dubai  UAE 317 m 1,040 ft 72 2010
53 Bank of America Plaza Atlanta  USA 310.3 m 1,023.67 ft 55 1992
54 U.S. Bank Tower Los Angeles  USA 310 m 1,018 ft 73 1989
55 Menara Telekom Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 310 m 1,017 ft 55 2001
55 Ocean Heights Dubai  UAE 310 m 1,017 ft 82 2010
55 Sky Tower Abu Dhabi  UAE 310 m 1,017 ft 74 2010
58 Pearl River Tower Guangzhou  China 310 m 1,016 ft 71 2010
59 Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel Dubai  UAE 309 m 1,014 ft 56 2000
60 AT&T Corporate Center Chicago  USA 307 m 1,007 ft 60 1989
61 The Address Downtown Burj Khalifa Dubai  UAE 306 m 1,004 ft 63 2008
62 JPMorgan Chase Tower Houston  USA 305 m 1,002 ft 75 1982
62 Etihad Tower 2 Abu Dhabi  UAE 305 m 1,002 ft 79 2010
64 Northeast Asia Trade Tower Incheon  South Korea 305 m 1,001 ft 68 2010
65 Baiyoke Tower II Bangkok  Thailand 304 m 997 ft 85 1997
66 Two Prudential Plaza Chicago  USA 303 m 995 ft 64 1990
67 Leatop Plaza Guangzhou  China 303 m 993 ft 65 2011
68 The Gramercy Residences Makati  Philippines 302 m 992 ft 73 2011
68 Wells Fargo Plaza Houston  USA 302 m 992 ft 71 1983
68 Kingdom Centre Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 302 m 992 ft 41 2002
71 Moscow Tower Moscow  Russia 302 m 989 ft 76 2010
72 We've the Zenith Tower A Busan  South Korea 301 m 987 ft 80 2011
73 Aspire Tower Doha  Qatar 300 m 984 ft 36 2007
73 Arraya 2 Kuwait City  Kuwait 300 m 984 ft 60 2009
75 One Island East Hong Kong  China 298 m 979 ft 67 2008
76 Shanghai Wheelock Square Shanghai  China 298 m 978 ft 58 2009
76 First Canadian Place Toronto  Canada 298 m 978 ft 72 1976
78 Eureka Tower Melbourne  Australia 297 m 975 ft 91 2006
78 Comcast Center Philadelphia  USA 297 m 975 ft 57 2008
80 Yokohama Landmark Tower Yokohama  Japan 296 m 972 ft 73 1993
81 Emirates Crown Dubai  UAE 296 m 971 ft 63 2008
82 Islamic Bank Office Tower Dubai  UAE 294 m 964 ft 49 2011
82 Khalid Al Attar Tower 2 Dubai  UAE 294 m 964 ft 61 2010
84 311 South Wacker Drive Chicago  USA 293 m 961 ft 65 1990
84 Trump Ocean Club International Hotel & Tower Panama City  Panama 293 m 961 ft 68 2011
86 American International Building New York City  USA 290 m 952 ft 66 1932
87 Global Trade Plaza Dongguan  China 289 m 948 ft 68 2010
88 Key Tower Cleveland  USA 289 m 947 ft 57 1991
89 One Liberty Place Philadelphia  USA 288 m 945 ft 61 1987
89 Plaza 66 Tower One Shanghai  China 288 m 945 ft 66 2001
91 Chongqing Poly Tower Chongqing  China 287 m 941 ft 58 2010
92 SPG Global Tower 1 Suzhou  China 286 m 938 ft 54 2010
92 SPG Global Tower 2 Suzhou  China 286 m 938 ft 54 2010
94 Columbia Center Seattle  USA 285 m 937 ft 76 1985
95 Millennium Tower Dubai  UAE 285 m 935 ft 60 2006
95 Sulafa Tower Dubai  UAE 285 m 935 ft 75 2010
97 Tomorrow Square Shanghai  China 285 m 934 ft 55 2003
98 Chongqing World Trade Center Chongqing  China 283 m 929 ft 60 2005
99 Cheung Kong Centre Hong Kong  China 283 m 928 ft 62 1999
100 The Trump Building New York City  USA 283 m 927 ft 72 2001
100 40 Wall Street New York City  USA 283 m 927 ft 70 1930
102 We've the Zenith Tower B Busan  South Korea 282 m 924 ft 75 2011
103 Bank of America Plaza Dallas  USA 281 m 921 ft 72 1985
104 OUB Centre Singapore  Singapore 280 m 919 ft 66 1986
104 UOB Plaza One Singapore  Singapore 280 m 919 ft 66 1992
104 Republic Plaza Singapore  Singapore 280 m 919 ft 66 1996
104 Marina Pinnacle Dubai  UAE 280 m 919 ft 73 2010
108 Citigroup Center New York City  USA 279 m 915 ft 59 1977
109 Hong Kong New World Tower Shanghai  China 278 m 913 ft 61 2002
110 Trust Tower Abu Dhabi  UAE 278 m 912 ft 60 2010
111 Etihad Tower 1 Abu Dhabi  UAE 278 m 911 ft 70 2010
112 Trump International Hotel and Tower Toronto  Canada 277 m 908 ft 57 2012
113 Diwang International Commerce Center Nanning  China 276 m 906 ft 54 2006
114 Scotia Plaza Toronto  Canada 275 m 902 ft 68 1988
115 Williams Tower Houston  USA 275 m 901 ft 64 1983
116 Nantong Zhongnan International Plaza Nantong  China 273 m 897 ft 53 2011
117 Wuhan World Trade Tower Wuhan  China 273 m 896 ft 58 1998
117 Lvjing Tower Shenzhen  China 273 m 896 ft 56 2011
119 Renaissance Tower Dallas  USA 270 m 886 ft 56 1974
119 The Cullinan South Tower Hong Kong  China 270 m 886 ft 68 2008
119 The Cullinan North Tower Hong Kong  China 270 m 886 ft 68 2008
119 China International Center Tower B Guangzhou  China 270 m 886 ft 62 2007
123 Dapeng International Plaza Guangzhou  China 269 m 884 ft 56 2006
124 One Lujiazui Shanghai  China 269 m 883 ft 47 2008
124 JAL Hotel Dubai  UAE 269 m 883 ft 60 2008
124 21st Century Tower Dubai  UAE 269 m 883 ft 55 2003
127 Bitexco Financial Tower Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam 269 m 882 ft 68 2010
128 Naberezhnaya Tower C Moscow  Russia 268 m 881 ft 61 2007
129 Al Faisaliyah Center Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 267 m 876 ft 44 2000
129 8 Spruce Street New York City  USA 267 m 876 ft 76 2010
131 Bank of America Corporate Center Charlotte  USA 265 m 871 ft 60 1992
132 900 North Michigan Chicago  USA 265 m 869 ft 66 1989
132 Al Kazim Tower 1 Dubai  UAE 265 m 869 ft 53 2008
132 Al Kazim Tower 2 Dubai  UAE 265 m 869 ft 53 2008
132 Bocom Financial Towers Shanghai  China 265 m 869 ft 52 2002
132 120 Collins Street Melbourne  Australia 265 m 869 ft 52 1991
132 We've the Zenith Tower C Busan  South Korea 265 m 869 ft 70 2011
138 SunTrust Plaza Atlanta  USA 264 m 867 ft 60 1992
139 Triumph-Palace Moscow  Russia 264 m 866 ft 54 2005
140 Samsung Tower Palace 3, Tower G Seoul  South Korea 264 m 865 ft 73 2004
141 Trump World Tower New York City  USA 262 m 859 ft 72 2001
141 Water Tower Place Chicago  USA 262 m 859 ft 74 1976
141 Grand Gateway Shanghai I Shanghai  China 262 m 859 ft 52 2005
141 Grand Gateway Shanghai II Shanghai  China 262 m 859 ft 52 2005
141 Aqua Chicago  USA 262 m 859 ft 86 2009
146 Aon Center Los Angeles  USA 262 m 858 ft 62 1973
147 Sapphire of Istanbul Istanbul  Turkey 261 m 856 ft 54 2010
147 Grand Lisboa Macau  China 261 m 856 ft 47 2008
147 TD Canada Trust Tower Toronto  Canada 261 m 856 ft 53 1990
147 The Masterpiece Hong Kong  China 261 m 856 ft 64 2007
147 Islamic Bank Residential Tower Dubai  UAE 261 m 856 ft 51 2011
152 Etihad Tower 3 Abu Dhabi  UAE 260 m 854 ft 62 2010
153 Vision Tower Dubai  UAE 260 m 853 ft 60 2010
153 Shanghai IFC North Tower Shanghai  China 260 m 853 ft 60 2011
153 Bahrain Financial Harbour 1 Manama  Bahrain 260 m 853 ft 53 2007
153 Bahrain Financial Harbour 2 Manama  Bahrain 260 m 853 ft 53 2007
153 101 Collins Street Melbourne  Australia 260 m 853 ft 50 1991
153 Abraj Al Bait Hajar Tower Mecca  Saudi Arabia 260 m 853 ft 48 2010
153 Abraj Al Bait ZamZam Tower Mecca  Saudi Arabia 260 m 853 ft 48 2010
153 Shenzhen Special Zone Press Tower Shenzhen  China 260 m 853 ft 48 1998
153 Transamerica Pyramid San Francisco  USA 260 m 853 ft 48 1972
162 Chase Tower Chicago  USA 259 m 850 ft 60 1969
162 Devon Tower Oklahoma City  USA 259 m 850 ft 50 2012
162 GE Building New York City  USA 259 m 850 ft 69 1933
162 Commerzbank Tower Frankfurt  Germany 259 m 850 ft 56 1997
162 PBCOM Tower Makati  Philippines 259 m 850 ft 55 2000
167 Two Liberty Place Philadelphia  USA 258 m 848 ft 58 1990
168 Lanko·Grand Hyatt Hotel Chongqing  China 258 m 846 ft 60 2004
169 Park Tower Chicago  USA 257 m 844 ft 67 2000
170 St. Petersburg Tower Moscow  Russia 257 m 843 ft 65 2010
171 MesseTurm Frankfurt  Germany 257 m 842 ft 55 1990
172 U.S. Steel Tower Pittsburgh  USA 256 m 841 ft 64 1970
172 Sorrento 1 Hong Kong  China 256 m 841 ft 75 2003
174 The Harbour Hotel & Residence Dubai  UAE 256 m 840 ft 59 2007
174 Ubora Tower 1 Dubai  UAE 256 m 840 ft 59 2007
174 Hyperion Tower A Seoul  South Korea 256 m 840 ft 69 2003
174 Rinku Gate Tower Building Izumisano  Japan 256 m 840 ft 56 1996
178 New Century Plaza Tower A Nanjing  China 255 m 837 ft 52 2006
178 Langham Place Office Tower Hong Kong  China 255 m 837 ft 59 2004
178 The Point Panama City  Panama 255 m 837 ft 65 2011
181 Capital Tower Singapore  Singapore 253 m 830 ft 52 2000
181 Chase Tower Indianapolis  USA 253 m 830 ft 48 1990
182 Highcliff Hong Kong  China 252 m 828 ft 72 2003
183 Bank of Shanghai Headquarters Shanghai  China 252 m 827 ft 46 2005
183 Osaka World Trade Center Building Osaka  Japan 252 m 827 ft 55 1995
185 The Harbourside Hong Kong  China 251 m 824 ft 73 2003
185 Rialto Towers Melbourne  Australia 251 m 824 ft 63 1986
187 Jiali Plaza Wuhan  China 251 m 823 ft 61 1997
188 Angsana Hotel Tower 1 Dubai  UAE 250 m 820 ft 49 2008
188 Angsana Hotel Tower 2 Dubai  UAE 250 m 820 ft 49 2008
188 Beijing Yintai Centre Tower 2 Beijing  China 250 m 820 ft 63 2007
188 Chelsea Tower Dubai  UAE 250 m 820 ft 49 2005
188 One Atlantic Center Atlanta  USA 250 m 820 ft 50 1987
188 Caja Madrid Tower Madrid  Spain 250 m 820 ft 45 2008
188 Wisma 46 Jakarta  Indonesia 250 m 820 ft 48 1996
188 Post & Telecommunication Hub Guangzhou  China 250 m 820 ft 66 2003
196 The Legacy at Millennium Park Chicago  USA 250 m 819 ft 73 2010
197 The Imperial I Mumbai  India 249 m 817 ft 60 2009
197 The Imperial II Mumbai  India 249 m 817 ft 60 2009
197 Al Tayer Tower Dubai  UAE 249 m 817 ft 49 2009
197 63 Building Seoul  South Korea 249 m 817 ft 60 1985
197 Metapolis 101 Hwaseong City  South Korea 249 m 817 ft 66 2010
197 Central Park Perth  Australia 249 m 817 ft 52 1992
197 Torre de Cristal Madrid  Spain 249 m 817 ft 45 2008
205 Midtown Tower Tokyo  Japan 248 m 814 ft 54 2007
205 CitySpire Center New York City  USA 248 m 814 ft 75 1987
207 One Chase Manhattan Plaza New York City  USA 248 m 813 ft 60 1960
208 Midland Square Nagoya  Japan 247 m 810 ft 47 2007
208 Metapolis 104 Hwaseong City  South Korea 247 m 810 ft 66 2010
208 State Tower Bangkok  Thailand 247 m 810 ft 68 2001
211 Conde Nast Building New York City  USA 247 m 809 ft 48 1999
212 MetLife Building New York City  USA 246 m 808 ft 59 1963
213 Bloomberg Tower New York City  USA 246 m 806 ft 54 2005
214 JR Central Towers Nagoya  Japan 245 m 804 ft 51 2007
214 Oasis Beach Tower Dubai  UAE 245 m 804 ft 51 2006
214 Al Fattan Tower Dubai  UAE 245 m 804 ft 51 2006
214 Churchill Residency Dubai  UAE 245 m 804 ft 59 2010
214 One Raffles Quay Singapore  Singapore 245 m 804 ft 59 2006
214 The Sail @ Marina Bay Singapore  Singapore 245 m 804 ft 59 2000
220 Moshe Aviv Tower Tel Aviv  Israel 244 m 801 ft 69 2003
220 AAM Tower Dubai  UAE 244 m 801 ft 46 2008
220 Maybank Tower Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 243 m 799 ft 50 1987
223 The Tower Dubai  UAE 243 m 797 ft 54 2002
223 R&F Centre Guangzhou  China 243 m 797 ft 54 2007
223 Soleil Brisbane  Australia 243 m 797 ft 74 2011
223 Soul Gold Coast  Australia 243 m 797 ft 77 2011
223 Dalian Futures Square 1 Dalian  China 243 m 797 ft 53 2010
223 Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building Tokyo  Japan 243 m 797 ft 48 1991
223 Citigroup Centre Sydney  Australia 243 m 797 ft 50 2000
227 Dalian World Trade Centre Dalian  China 242 m 796 ft 61 2000
228 Federation West Tower Moscow  Russia 242 m 795 ft 62 2007
229 IDS Tower Minneapolis  USA 241 m 792 ft 57 1973
229 Mellon Bank Center Philadelphia  USA 241 m 792 ft 54 1990
229 Woolworth Building New York City  USA 241 m 792 ft 57 1913
232 Maxdo Centre Shanghai  China 241 m 791 ft 55 2002
232 Bank of China Mansion Qingdao  China 241 m 791 ft 54 1999
234 Hancock Place Boston  USA 241 m 790 ft 60 1976
234 Shenzhen Broadcasting Center Building Shenzhen  China 241 m 790 ft 48 2001
236 Four Seasons Hotel Miami Miami  USA 240 m 789 ft 64 2003
237 Moscow State University Moscow  Russia 240 m 787 ft 36 1953
237 Manulife Plaza Hong Kong  China 240 m 787 ft 52 1998
237 NTT Docomo Yoyogi Building Tokyo  Japan 240 m 787 ft 27 2000
237 Comerica Bank Tower Dallas  USA 240 m 787 ft 60 1987
241 Sunshine 60 Tokyo  Japan 240 m 786 ft 60 1978
242 300 North LaSalle Chicago  USA 239 m 785 ft 60 2009
243 Imperia Tower Moscow  Russia 239 m 783 ft 60 2011
244 30 Hudson Street Jersey City  USA 238 m 781 ft 42 2003
245 Bank of America Centre Houston  USA 238 m 780 ft 56 1983
246 555 California Street San Francisco  USA 237 m 779 ft 52 1969
247 One Worldwide Plaza New York City  USA 237 m 778 ft 50 1989
248 Capella Tower Minneapolis  USA 237 m 776 ft 56 1992
248 The First World Tower 1 Incheon  South Korea 237 m 776 ft 67 2009
248 The First World Tower 2 Incheon  South Korea 237 m 776 ft 67 2009
248 The First World Tower 3 Incheon  South Korea 237 m 776 ft 67 2009
248 The First World Tower 4 Incheon  South Korea 237 m 776 ft 67 2009

Photo gallery

World's tallest buildings

Alternative measurements

Height to roof

Some skyscraper aficionados prefer height to roof to determine tallest building in the world, as "architectural feature" is regarded as a subjective and less-fair measure. In November 2009, the CTBUH stopped using the roof height as a method of measurement for tall buildings.

Rank Building City Country Height Floors Built
1 Burj Khalifa Dubai  UAE 636.0 m 2,087 ft 163 2010
2 Shanghai World Financial Center Shanghai  China 487.4 m 1,599 ft 101 2008
3 International Commerce Centre Hong Kong  China 484.0 m 1,588 ft 108 2010
4 Taipei 101 Taipei  Taiwan 449.2 m 1,471 ft 101 2004
5 Willis Tower Chicago  USA 442.0 m 1,451 ft 108 1974
7 Guangzhou International Finance Center Guangzhou  China 432.0 m 1,417 ft 103 2009
8 International Finance Centre Hong Kong  China 406.9 m 1,335 ft 88 2003
9 Empire State Building New York City  USA 381.0 m 1,250 ft 102 1931
10 Zifeng Tower Nanjing  China 381.0 m 1,250 ft 89 2009
11= Petronas Tower 1 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 378.6 m 1,242 ft 88 1998
12= Petronas Tower 2 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 378.6 m 1,242 ft 88 1998
13 Jin Mao Building Shanghai  China 370.0 m 1,231 ft 88 1998
14 Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago  USA 356.6 m 1,170 ft 96 2009
15 Tuntex Sky Tower Kaohsiung  Taiwan 347.5 m 1,140 ft 85 1997
16 Aon Center Chicago  USA 346.3 m 1,136 ft 83 1973
17 John Hancock Center Chicago  USA 343.5 m 1,127 ft 100 1969
18 China World Trade Center Tower 3 Beijing  China 333.0 m 1,093 ft 74 2008
19 Ryugyong Hotel Pyongyang  North Korea 330.0 m 1,083 ft 105 1992
20 The Index Dubai  UAE 328.0 m 1,076 ft 80 2009
21 Shun Hing Square Shenzhen  China 324.8 m 1,066 ft 69 1996
22 CITIC Plaza Guangzhou  China 321.9 m 1,056 ft 80 1997
23 Nina Tower Hong Kong  China 318.8 m 1,046 ft 80 2006
24 Rose Tower Dubai  UAE 315.0 m 1,033 ft 72 2008
25 Bank of China Tower Hong Kong  China 315.0 m 1,000 ft 72 1990
26 Bank of America Plaza Atlanta  USA 311.81 m 1,023 ft 55 1992
27 Emirates Office Tower Dubai  UAE 311.0 m 1,020 ft 56 2000
28 U.S. Bank Tower Los Angeles  USA 310.3 m 1,018 ft 73 1989
29 Menara Telekom Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 310.0 m 1,017 ft 55 2001
30 Almas Tower Dubai  UAE 310.0 m 1,017 ft 74 2008
31 Central Plaza Hong Kong  China 309.0 m 1,014 ft 78 1992
32 The Address Downtown Burj Khalifa Dubai  UAE 306.0 m 1,004 ft 78 2008
33 JPMorgan Chase Tower Houston  USA 305.4 m 1,002 ft 75 1982
34 Northeast Asia Trade Tower Incheon  South Korea 305.1 m 1,001 ft 68 2010
35 Baiyoke Tower II Bangkok  Thailand 304.0 m 997 ft 85 1997
36 Wells Fargo Plaza Houston  USA 302.4 m 992 ft 71 1983
37 Kingdom Centre Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 302.0 m 991 ft 41 2002
38 Moscow Tower Moscow  Russia 302 m 989 ft 76 2010
39 We've the Zenith Busan  South Korea 301.0 m 988 ft 80 2011
40 First Canadian Place Toronto  Canada 298.1 m 978 ft 72 1975
41 Comcast Center Philadelphia  USA 297.2 m 975 ft 57 2008
42 Eureka Tower Melbourne  Australia 297.0 m 984 ft 91 2006
43 Yokohama Landmark Tower Yokohama  Japan 295.8 m 970 ft 70 1993
44 311 South Wacker Drive Chicago  USA 292.9 m 961 ft 55 1990
45 I'Park Marina Busan  South Korea 292.1 m 958 ft 72 2011
46 The Center Hong Kong  China 292.0 m 958 ft 73 1998
47 SEG Plaza Shenzhen  China 291.6 m 956.7 ft 70 2000
48 Minsheng Bank Building Wuhan  China 290.0 m 951 ft 68 2007

Height to pinnacle (highest point)

This measurement disregards distinctions between architectural and non-architectural extensions, and simply measures to the highest point. This measurement is useful for air traffic obstacle determinations, and is also a wholly objective measure. However, this measurement includes extensions that are easily added, removed, and modified from a building and are independent of the overall structure.

This measurement only recently came to use, when the Petronas Towers passed the Sears Tower (now called Willis Tower) in height. The former was considered taller because its spires were considered architectural, while the latter's antennae were not. This led to the split of definitions, with the Sears Tower claiming the lead in this and the height-to-roof (now highest occupied floor) categories, and with the Petronas claiming the lead in the architectural height category.

Rank Building City Country Height Floors Built
1 Burj Khalifa Dubai  UAE 829.84 m 2,722.57 ft 163 2010
2 Willis Tower Chicago  USA 527.0 m 1,729 ft 108 1974
3 Taipei 101 Taipei  Taiwan 509.0 m 1,669 ft 101 2004
4 Shanghai World Financial Center Shanghai  China 494.4 m 1,614 ft 101 2008
5 International Commerce Centre Hong Kong  China 484.0 m 1,588 ft 108 2010
6 John Hancock Center Chicago  USA 457.2 m 1,500 ft 100 1969
7= Petronas Tower 1 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 452.0 m 1,483 ft 88 1998
7= Petronas Tower 2 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 452.0 m 1,483 ft 88 1998
8 Zifeng Tower Nanjing  China 450.0 m 1,476 ft 89 2009
9 Empire State Building New York City  USA 443.2 m 1,454 ft 102 1931
10 Guangzhou International Finance Center Guangzhou  China 440.5 m 1,445 ft 103 2009
11 Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago  USA 423.4 m 1,389 ft 96 2009
12 Jin Mao Tower Shanghai  China 421.0 m 1,381 ft 88 1998
13 International Finance Centre Hong Kong  China 416.5 m 1,366 ft 88 2003
14 Al Hamra Tower Kuwait City  Kuwait 412.6 m 1,354 ft 77 2010
15 CITIC Plaza Guangzhou  China 391.0 m 1,283 ft 80 1997
16 Shun Hing Square Shenzhen  China 384.0 m 1,260 ft 69 1996
17 Tuntex Sky Tower Kaohsiung  Taiwan 378.0 m 1,240 ft 85 1997
18= Emirates Park Tower 1 Dubai  UAE 376.0 m 1,234 ft 77 2010
18= Emirates Park Tower 2 Dubai  UAE 376.0 m 1,234 ft 77 2010
20 Central Plaza Hong Kong  China 374.0 m 1,227 ft 78 1992
21 Bank of China Tower Hong Kong  China 367.4 m 1,205 ft 72 1990
22 Bank of America Tower New York City  USA 365.8 m 1,200 ft 54 2008
23 Almas Tower Dubai  UAE 363.0 m 1,191 ft 68 2008
24 Emirates Office Tower Dubai  UAE 356.4 m 1,169 ft 56 2000
25 SEG Plaza Shenzhen  China 355.8 m 1,167 ft 70 2000
26 First Canadian Place Toronto  Canada 355.0 m 1,165 ft 72 1975
27 The Torch Dubai  UAE 348.1 m 1,142 ft 80 2011
28 Aon Center Chicago  USA 346.3 m 1,136 ft 83 1973
29 The Center Hong Kong  China 346.0 m 1,135 ft 73 1998
30 Ahmed Abdul Rahim Al Attar Tower Dubai  UAE 342.0 m 1,122 ft 76 2010
31 Conde Nast Building New York City  USA 340.8 m 1,143 ft 48 1999
32 Tianjin World Financial Center Tianjin  China 336.9 m 1,105 ft 79 2010
33 Shanghai Shimao International Plaza Shanghai  China 333.0 m 1,094 ft 60 2005
34 Rose Tower Dubai  UAE 333.0 m 1,093 ft 72 2008
35 Minsheng Bank Building Wuhan  China 331.0 m 1,086 ft 68 2007
36= Ryugyong Hotel Pyongyang  North Korea 330.0 m 1,083 ft 105 1992
37= China World Trade Center Tower 3 Beijing  China 330.0 m 1,083 ft 74 2008
38= Baiyoke Tower II Bangkok  Thailand 328.0 m 1,076 ft 85 1997
38= The Index Dubai  UAE 328.0 m 1,076 ft 80 2009
40= Al Yaqoub Tower Dubai  UAE 328.0 m 1,076 ft 72 2010
40= Hanging Village of Huaxi Huaxi Village  China 328.0 m 1,076 ft 72 2010
42 The Landmark Abu Dhabi  UAE 324.0 m 1,072 ft 72 2010
43 Q1 Gold Coast  Australia 322.5 m 1,058 ft 78 2005
44 Wenzhou World Trade Center Wenzhou  China 322.0 m 1,056 ft 68 2010
45 Burj Al Arab Dubai  UAE 321.0 m 1,053 ft 60 1999
46= Chrysler Building New York City  USA 318.9 m 1,046 ft 77 1930
46= New York Times Building New York City  USA 318.9 m 1,046 ft 52 2007
48 Nina Tower Hong Kong  China 318.8 m 1,046 ft 80 2006
49 HHHR Tower Dubai  UAE 317.8 m 1,042 ft 72 2010
49 Bank of America Plaza Atlanta  USA 317.8 m 1,042 ft 55 1992
51 U.S. Bank Tower Los Angeles  USA 310.3 m 1,018 ft 73 1989
52= Ocean Heights Dubai  UAE 310.0 m 1,017 ft 82 2010
52= Menara Telekom Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 310.0 m 1,017 ft 55 2001
52= Sky Tower Abu Dhabi  UAE 310.0 m 1,017 ft 74 2010
52 Pearl River Tower Guangzhou  China 310.0 m 1,016 ft 71 2010
56 Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel Dubai  UAE 309.0 m 1,014 ft 56 2000
57 AT&T Corporate Center Chicago  USA 307.0 m 1,007 ft 60 2001
58 The Address Downtown Burj Khalifa Dubai  UAE 306.0 m 1,004 ft 63 2008
59= JPMorganChase Tower Houston  USA 305.4 m 1,002 ft 75 1982
59= Etihad Tower 2 Abu Dhabi  UAE 305.4 m 1,002 ft 79 2010
61 Northeast Asia Trade Tower Incheon  South Korea 305.1 m 1,001 ft 68 2010
62 Two Prudential Plaza Chicago  USA 303.3 m 995 ft 64 1990
63 Leatop Plaza Guangzhou  China 302.7 m 993 ft 65 2010
64= Wells Fargo Plaza Houston  USA 302.4 m 992 ft 71 1983
64= One Shell Plaza Houston  USA 302.4 m 992 ft 50 1971
66 Kingdom Centre Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 302.0 m 991 ft 41 2002
66 Moscow Tower Moscow  Russia 302.0 m 989 ft 76 2010
68 We've the Zenith Busan  South Korea 301.0 m 988 ft 80 2011
69 Commerzbank Tower Frankfurt  Germany 300.1 m 985 ft 53 1997
70= Aspire Tower Doha  Qatar 300.0 m 984 ft 36 2007
70= Arraya 2 Kuwait City  Kuwait 300.0 m 984 ft 60 2009
70= Eureka Tower Melbourne  Australia 300.0 m 984 ft 91 2006

Skyscrapers under construction

This section contains a list of skyscrapers taller than 250 metres under construction.

Building Planned pinnacle height Planned roof height Floors Planned completion Country City Remarks
Ping An Finance Center 660 m (2,170 ft) 588 m (1,929 ft) 115 2015  China Shenzhen
Shanghai Tower 632 m (2,073 ft) 565.6 m (1,856 ft) 128 2014  China Shanghai
Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel 601 m (1,972 ft) 558.7 m (1,833 ft) 120 2012  Saudi Arabia Mecca
Goldin Finance 117 597 m (1,959 ft) 597 m (1,959 ft) 117 2015  China Tianjin
Lotte World Tower 555 m (1,821 ft) 554.6 m (1,820 ft) 123 2015  South Korea Seoul Will become the tallest building in South Korea with the tallest observation deck in the world.
One World Trade Center 541.3 m (1,776 ft) 417 m (1,368 ft) 105 2013  USA New York City Will become the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, the tallest building in the United States, and the tallest all-office building in the world.
The CTF Guangzhou 530 m (1,740 ft) 530 m (1,740 ft) 111 2017  China Guangzhou
Dalian Greenland Center 518 m (1,699 ft) 518 m (1,699 ft) 88 2016  China Dalian
Busan Lotte Town Tower 510 m (1,670 ft) 510 m (1,670 ft) 107 2016  South Korea Busan
Federation Tower 506 m (1,660 ft) 360 m (1,180 ft) 93 2016  Russia Moscow
Tianjin R&F Guandong Tower 468 m (1,535 ft) 439 m (1,440 ft) 91 2015  China Tianjin
World One 442 m (1,450 ft) 442 m (1,450 ft) 117 2015  India Mumbai Will become tallest residential skyscraper in the world if completed before Pentominium
Wuhan Center 438 m (1,437 ft) 438 m (1,437 ft) 88 2015  China Wuhan
Diamond Tower 432 m (1,417 ft) 395 m (1,296 ft) 93  Saudi Arabia Jeddah
DAMAC Heights 420 m (1,380 ft) 420 m (1,380 ft) 85 2014  UAE Dubai
Princess Tower 414 m (1,358 ft) 414 m (1,358 ft) 101 2012  UAE Dubai
Marina 101 412 m (1,352 ft) 353.7 m (1,160 ft) 101 2013  UAE Dubai
Two World Trade Center 411 m (1,348 ft) 387 m (1,270 ft) 79 2015  USA New York City Also known as 200 Greenwich Street
Capital Market Authority Headquarters 385 m (1,263 ft) 385 m (1,263 ft) 77 2013  Saudi Arabia Riyadh
Forum 66 Tower 1 384 m (1,260 ft) 384 m (1,260 ft) 76 2014  China Shenyang
Eton Place Dalian Tower 1 383 m (1,257 ft) 383 m (1,257 ft) 80 2013  China Dalian
Abu Dhabi Plaza 382 m (1,253 ft) 382 m (1,253 ft) 88 2015  Kazakhstan Astana
The Domain 381 m (1,250 ft) 381 m (1,250 ft) 88 2013  UAE Abu Dhabi
Elite Residence 381 m (1,250 ft) 381 m (1,250 ft) 87 2012  UAE Dubai
Three World Trade Center 378 m (1,240 ft) 349.7 m (1,147 ft) 71 2014  USA New York City Also known as 175 Greenwich Street
Grand International Mansion 360 m (1,180 ft) 312 m (1,024 ft) 59 2012  China Guangzhou Also known as The Pinncale.
Sino-Steel Tower 358 m (1,175 ft) 80 2014  China Tianjin
Forum 66 Tower 2 351 m (1,152 ft) 68 2013  China Shenyang
Lamar Tower 1 350 m (1,150 ft) 72 2013  Saudi Arabia Jeddah
Gezhouba International Plaza 350 m (1,150 ft) 69 2013  China Wuhan
The Wharf Times Square 339 m (1,112 ft) 68 2014  China Wuxi
Busan International Finance Center 338 m (1,109 ft) 68 2015  South Korea Busan
Parc1 Tower A 338 m (1,109 ft) 338 m (1,109 ft) 68 2013  South Korea Seoul
Orchid Crown Tower A 337 m (1,106 ft) 75 2014  India Mumbai
Orchid Crown Tower B 337 m (1,106 ft) 75 2014  India Mumbai
Orchid Crown Tower C 337 m (1,106 ft) 75 2014  India Mumbai
ADNOC Headquarters 335.3 m (1,100 ft) 65 2013  UAE Abu Dhabi
Changzhou Modern Media Center 332 m (1,089 ft) 57 2013  China Changzhou
Ryugyong Hotel 330 m (1,080 ft) 330 m (1,080 ft) 105 2012  North Korea Pyongyang Topped-out in 1992, and put on-hold until 2008. Completing in 2012.
Tianjin Kerry Center 330 m (1,080 ft) 330 m (1,080 ft) 71 2013  China Tianjin
United International Mansion 330 m (1,080 ft) 330 m (1,080 ft) 72 2012  China Chongqing
Infinity Tower 330 m (1,080 ft) 330 m (1,080 ft) 80 2012  UAE Dubai
Orchid Heights Tower 1 328 m (1,076 ft) 80 2013  India Mumbai
Orchid Heights Tower 2 328 m (1,076 ft) 80 2013  India Mumbai
Mercury City Tower 327 m (1,073 ft) 70 2012  Russia Moscow Will become the tallest building in Europe
Deji Plaza Phase 2 324 m (1,063 ft) 70 2012  China Nanjing
Yantai Shimao No.1 The Harbour 323 m (1,060 ft) 57 2013  China Yantai
Palais Royale Mumbai 320 m (1,050 ft) 320 m (1,050 ft) 67 2012  India Mumbai Will become the tallest building in India, if completed before India Tower and World One.
Forum 66 Tower 2 320 m (1,050 ft) 68 2013  China Shenyang
White Magnolia Plaza 319.5 m (1,048 ft) 67 2013  China Shanghai
Waterview Tower 319 m (1,047 ft) 319 m (1,047 ft) 65 2014  USA Chicago
MahaNakhon 313 m (1,027 ft) 313 m (1,027 ft) 77 2014  Thailand Bangkok
The Stratford Residences 312 m (1,024 ft) 70 2015  Philippines Makati It will become the Philippines' highest building.
Shard London Bridge 310 m (1,020 ft) 72 2012  UK London

After completion in 2012, when the Summer Olympics will be held in London, Shard London Bridge will become the tallest skyscraper in the European Union.

Lokhandwala Minerva 307 m (1,007 ft) 85 2015  India Mumbai
Carnegie 57 306 m (1,004 ft) 306 m (1,004 ft) 75 2013  USA New York City
East Pacific Business Center 306 m (1,004 ft) 74 2012  China Shenzhen
The Gramercy Residences 302 m (991 ft) 73 2012  Philippines Makati Soon the first supertall building in the Philippines. Surpassing the PBCom Tower, it will also be the highest, till the The Stratford Residences is completed.
Gate of the Orient 301 m (988 ft) 68 2013  China Suzhou
Lamar Tower 2 301 m (988 ft) 62 2013  Saudi Arabia Jeddah
Abenobashi Terminal Building Tower 300 m (980 ft) 59 2013  Japan Osaka Will become Japan's tallest building
Torre Gran Costanera 300 m (980 ft) 70 2012  Chile Santiago Will become the tallest building in South America.
Tameer Commercial Tower 300 m (980 ft) 74 2012  UAE Abu Dhabi
Namaste Tower 300 m (980 ft) 62 2014  India Mumbai
Indiabulls Sky Suites 291 m (955 ft) 75 2013  India Mumbai
Yingli Tower 285 m (935 ft) 65 2012  China Chongqing
D1 Tower 284 m (932 ft) 80 2012  UAE Dubai
Shimao International Center Main Tower 273 m (896 ft) 56 2012  China Fuzhou
Parc 1 - Tower B 271 m (889 ft) 59 2012  South Korea Seoul
The River Tower A 265.6 m (871 ft) 73 2012  Thailand Bangkok
Aura at College Park 264 m (866 ft) 75 2014  Canada Toronto Will be the tallest all residential tower in North America when complete.
Bahria Icon 260 m (850 ft) 60 2015  Pakistan Karachi Currently the tallest under construction building in Pakistan
Ciputra World 256.6 m (842 ft) 45 2013  Indonesia Jakarta
Trump Tower 253 m (830 ft) 69 2014  India Mumbai
Reflection Jomtien Beach Oceanfront Tower 252 m (827 ft) 58 2013  Thailand Pattaya
Discovery Primea 250 m (820 ft) 68 2015  Philippines Makati
Federal Land Tower 250 m (820 ft) 66 2012  Philippines Taguig
The Knightsbridge Residences 250 m (820 ft) 64 2013  Philippines Makati
Shangri-La at the Fort 250 m (820 ft) 61 2014  Philippines Taguig
Trump Tower Manila 250 m (820 ft) 60 2015  Philippines Makati
Altez 250 m (820 ft) 60 2013  Singapore Singapore


Skyscrapers on-hold

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2011)

This list ranks skyscrapers whose construction is on-hold that are planned to rise over 300 metres (984.3 ft).

Building Planned pinnacle height Proposed completion Country City
India Tower 700 m (2,300 ft) 2016  India Mumbai
Doha Convention Center Tower 551 m (1,808 ft) 2014  Qatar Doha
Pentominium 516 m (1,693 ft) 2014  UAE Dubai
Qatar National Bank Tower 510 m (1,670 ft) 2014  Qatar Doha
Burj Al Alam 510 m (1,670 ft) 2015  UAE Dubai
Al Quds Endowment Tower 495 m (1,624 ft) 2014  Qatar Doha
Dubai Towers Doha 437 m (1,434 ft) 2014  Qatar Doha
Chongqing International Finance Centre 431 m (1,414 ft)  China Chongqing
Marina 106 425 m (1,394 ft) 2012  UAE Dubai
Lighthouse Tower 402 m (1,319 ft) 2012  UAE Dubai
One Galleon Place 400 m (1,300 ft) 2015  Philippines Pasig
Square Capital Tower 376 m (1,234 ft) 2012  Kuwait Kuwait City
Parc 1 - Tower A 338 m (1,109 ft) 2013  South Korea Seoul
Skycity 335 m (1,099 ft)  Philippines Mandaluyong
Lopez Center Tower 320 m (1,050 ft) 2015  Philippines Makati
Bishopsgate Tower 304.9 m (1,000 ft) 2013  UK London
Eurasia 305 m (1,001 ft) 2010  Russia Moscow
Tianjin International Trade Centre 300 m (980 ft) 2012  China Tianjin

List by continent

The following table is a list of the tallest buildings by each continent (listed by geographical size):

Continent Building Height Floor count Completed Country City
Asia Burj Khalifa 828 m (2,717 ft) 160 2010  United Arab Emirates Dubai
Africa Carlton Centre 223 m (732 ft) 50 1973  South Africa Johannesburg
North America Willis Tower 442 m (1,450 ft) 108 1973  United States Chicago
Latin America Trump Ocean Club International Hotel and Tower 293 m (961 ft) 72 2011  Panama Panama
Europe City of Capitals 302 m (991 ft) 76 2010  Russia Moscow
Oceania Q1 323 m (1,060 ft) 78 2005  Australia Gold Coast

Chile's Gran Torre Santiago became the tallest building in South America in February 2011, but it is still under construction.

List of buildings with 100+ floors

Main article: List of buildings with 100 floors or more

See also

Notes

A. Destroyed buildings not included
B. Topped out in 2010, expected completion in 2011.
C. Topped out in 1992, when construction was halted. Work was restarted in 2008, exterior work completed in 2011; interior work ongoing.
E. Topped out in 1992, expected completion in 2012.
F. Topped out in 2011, expected completion in 2011.

References

  1. ^ "100 tallest completed buildings in the world". CTBUH. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  2. "CTBUH changes height criteria, Burj Khalifa height increases". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 17 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
  3. Binders, George. 101 of the World's Tallest Buildings. p. 102. Pub. Date: August 2006.
  4. Adapted from Emporis - World's Tallest Skyscrapers
  5. Abraj Al-Bait Towers at CTBUH
  6. Taipei 101 at CTBUH
  7. CTBUH: Trump Tower Chicago
  8. ^ "Stellar Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  9. ^ "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Etihad Tower 2". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  10. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Global Trade Plaza". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  11. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Chongqing Poly Tower". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  12. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: SPG Global Tower 1". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  13. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: SPG Global Tower 2". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  14. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Trust Tower". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  15. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Etihad Tower 1". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  16. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Nantong Zhongnan International Plaza". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  17. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Lvjing Tower". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  18. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Etihad Tower 3". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  19. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Shanghai IFC North Tower". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  20. "CTBUH Changes Height Criteria". Ctbuh.org. 2009-11-17. Retrieved 2010-12-13.
  21. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/building.php?building_id=88
  22. CTBUH: Two World Trade Center
  23. "''Three World Trade Center''". Tallestbuildingintheworld.org. Retrieved 2010-12-13.
  24. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=building&building_id=9955
  25. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=building&building_id=9956
  26. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=building&building_id=9957
  27. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=building&building_id=373
  28. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  29. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  30. "Mercury City Tower". imperiatower.ru.
  31. ^ 155 West 57th Street at CTBUH
  32. "Bahria Icon Facts : CTBUH Skyscraper Database". Retrieved 29 February 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |published= ignored (help)
  33. "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  34. 05:05PM - Thursday. "Economic downturn barely dents appetite for super-tall - The National". Thenational.ae. Retrieved 2011-01-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  35. "JW Marriott International Finance Centre". SkyscraperPage. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  36. "Marriott Center". Emporis. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  37. "La Segunda". La Segunda. Retrieved 2011-06-06.

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