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Ypatingasis būrys

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Vokiečių Saugumo policijos ir SD ypatingasis būrys (Special SD and German Security Police Squad) (1941-1944) was the notorious Vilnius killing squad, the Lithuanian equivalent of Sonderkommando.

History

First time name of Vilnius ypatingasis būrys (Sonderkommando) is mentioned in documents of 15 July 1941. Ypatingasis būrys (YB) started as police squad founded in the outbreak of war. Initially squad had 100 civilian dressed men. First organizers of squad were junior lieutenants Jakubka and Butkus. From 23 July, 1941, commanding officer was Juozas Šidlauskas. Squad members were issued Russian weapons and white armbands. Squad members were used as guards and as a force moving Jews from their apartments to a getho. In November 1941, commander of squad became lieutenant Balys Norvaiša, his deputy became lieutenants Balys Lukošius. Size of squad was reduced to 40-50 men. At the end of 1943 Norvaiša and Lukošius were tranferred to self defence battalion and commander of squad became sergeant Jonas Tumas. Some of the squad members were wearing uniforms of Lithuanian Army until in 1942 they were issued green SD uniforms with Swastika and skulls on caps. Squad members were also issued SD identity cards. Most of squad members were Lithuanians, but some were Russians and Poles. YB was subordinate only to the German Security Police. Longest serving commander of YB was SS man Martin Weiss. Weiss used not only command executions but to kill victims personally. In 1943 Weiss was replaced by private Fiedler. .

References

  1. Template:Lt icon Arūnas Bubnys (2004). Vokiečių ir lietuvių saugumo policija (1941–1944) (German and Lithuanian security police: 1941-1944). Vilnius: Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras. Retrieved 2006-06-09. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)


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