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Anna, queen of Hungary and Bohemia (1503-47) was Queen-consort of the Romans and heiress of Bohemia and Hungary.

She was the daughter of king Vladislaus II of Hungary and Bohemia (1456-1516), of the Jagello dynasty, and his fourth wife Anna of Foix, relative of the kings of Navarre.

On May 25, 1521 in Linz, Austria, he married Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, Infante of Spain, regent of the Austrian patrimony.

Anna's only brother king Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia was killed at the battle of Mohacs in 1526. Anna and Ferdinand inherited Bohemia and what was left of Hungary.

In 153 Ferdinand's elder brother Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor accepted Ferdinand as the successor to the empire, and Ferdinand was elevated to the title King of the Romans.

After Anna's death, 1556 Charles V abdicated and Ferdinand succeeded as Emperor.

They had a bunch of children, which was a respite to Bohemia and Hungary, for some centuries suffered from uncertain succession prospects as the number of direct heirs was precarious and they tended to die prematurely. Children include:

• Maximilian (1527–1576), future emperor. Each of Maximilian's sons died without surviving issue, and the only child of his was Anna, whose son was Philip III of Spain.

• Ferdinand (1529–1595), Archduke of Further Austria

• Maria of Austria (1531–1581). Consort of William IV "The Rich", Duke of Cleves, Julich and Berg.

• Johanna (1547–1578)

• Anna (1528 – circa 1590)

• Charles (1540–1590), Archduke of Inner Austria, who was to become father of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

• Elisabeth – In 1549 she was married to king Sigismund II Augustus of Poland and Lithuania.

• Catherine – In 1553 she was married to king Sigismund II Augustus of Poland and Lithuania.